EU-ACTIVE_INTELLIGENT_FCM-ART_5_2_c_i

Active and Intelligent Materials - CMR Substances not allowed for use

EU. Carcinogens, Mutagens and Reproductive substances Not Allowed for Use in Components of Active and Intelligent Materials and Articles (Article 5(2)(c)(i)), Regulation 450/2009/EC, 30 May 2009

This list contains a non-exhaustive list of Carcinogens, Mutagens and Reproductive substances (CMRs) that are not allowed for use in components of active and intelligent materials and articles per Art. 5(2)(c)(i) of Regulation 450/2009/EC. The list is derived from a subset of substances on Table 3 of Annex VI to the CLP Regulation (1272/2008/EC).

Last updated 26 srpnja 2024. Database contains 1679 unique substances/entries.
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A complex combination of hydrocarbons obtained from the evaporation of solvent under vacuum from polymerized hydrocarbon resin. It consists predominantly of aromatic hydrocarbons having carbon numbers predominantly in the range of C8 through C9 and boiling in the range of approximately 120°C to 215°C (248°F to 419°F).
295-281-1
91995-20-9
648-012-00-0
Carc. 1B; Muta. 1B
A complex combination of hydrocarbons obtained from the evaporation of solven under vacuum from polymerized hydrocarbon resin. It consists predominantly of aromatic hydrocarbons having carbon numbers predominantly in the range of C8 through C9 and boiling in the range of approximately 120 °C to 215 °C (248 °F to 419 °F).
295-551-9
92062-36-7
648-013-00-6
Carc. 1B; Muta. 1B
The redistillate from the distillate, freed of tar acids and tar bases, from bituminous coal high temperature tar boiling in the approximate range of 90°C to 160°C (194°F to 320°F). It consists predominantly of benzene, toluene and xylenes.
295-323-9
91995-61-8
648-014-00-1
Carc. 1B; Muta. 1B
The redistillate from the distillate, freed of tar acids and tar bases, from bituminous coal high temperature tar boiling in the approximate range of 90 °C to 160 °C (194 °F to 320 °F). It consists predomi nantly of benzene, toluene and xylenes.
A complex combination of hydrocarbons obtained by the redistillation of the distillate of high temperature coal tar (tar acid and tar base free). It consists predominantly of unsubstituted and substituted mononuclear aromatic hydrocarbons boiling in the range of 85°C-195°C (185°F-383°F).
309-868-8
101316-63-6
648-015-00-7
Carc. 1B; Muta. 1B
A complex combination of hydrocarbons obtained by the redistillation of the distillate of high temperature coal tar (tar acid and tar base free). It consists predominantly of unsubstituted and substituted mononuclear aromatic hydrocarbons boiling in the range of 85 °C to 195 °C (185 °F to 383 °F).
An acid sludge by-product of the sulphuric acid refining of crude high temperature coal. Composed primarily of sulfuric acid and organic compounds.
298-725-2
93821-38-6
648-016-00-2
Carc. 1B; Muta. 1B
An acid sludge by-product of the sulfuric acid refining of crude high temperature coal. Composed primarily of sulfuric acid and organic compounds.
The first fraction from the distillation of aromatic hydrocarbons, coumarone, naphthalene and indene rich prefractionator bottoms or washed carbolic oil boiling substantially below 145°C (293°F). Composed primarily of C7 and C8 aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons.
292-625-2
90641-02-4
648-017-00-8
Carc. 1B; Muta. 1B
The first fraction from the distillation of aromatic hydrocarbons, coumarone, naphthalene and indene rich prefractionator bottoms or washed carbolic oil boiling substantially below 145 °C (293 °F). Composed primarily of C7 and C8 aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons.
309-867-2
101316-62-5
648-018-00-3
Carc. 1B; Muta. 1B
The distillate from aromatic hydrocarbons, coumarone, naphthalene and indene rich prefractionator bottoms or washed carbolic oils, having an approximate boiling range of 155°C to 180°C (311°F to 356°F). Composed primarily of indene, indan and trimethylbenzenes.
292-626-8
90641-03-5
648-019-00-9
Carc. 1B; Muta. 1B
The distillate from aromatic hydrocarbons, coumarone, naphthalene and indene rich prefractionator bottoms or washed Carbolic oils, having an approximate boiling range of 155 °C to 180 °C (311 °F to 356 °F). Composed primarily of indene, indan and trimethylbenzenes.
The distillate from either high temperature coal tar, coke oven light oil, or coal tar oil alkaline extract residue having an approximate distillation range of 130°C to 210°C (266°F to 410°F) Composed primarily of indene and other polycyclic ring systems containing a single aromatic ring. May contain phenolic compounds and aromatic nitrogen bases.
266-013-0
65996-79-4
648-020-00-4
Carc. 1B; Muta. 1B
The distillate from either high temperature coal tar, coke oven light oil, or coal tar oil alkaline extract residue having an approximate distillation range of 130 °C to 210 °C (266 °F to 410 °F). Composed primarily of indene and other polycyclic ring systems containing a single aromatic ring. May contain phenolic compounds and aromatic nitrogen bases.
A distillate from the fractional distillation of high temperature coal tar. Composed primarily of alkyl-substituted one ring aromatic hydrocarbons boiling in the range of approximately 135°C to 210°C (275°F to 410°F). May also include unsaturated hydrocarbons such as indene and coumarone.
309-971-8
101794-90-5
648-021-00-X
Carc. 1B; Muta. 1B
A distillate from the fractional distillation of high temperature coal tar. Composed primarily of alkyl-substituted one ring aromatic hydrocarbons boiling in the range of approximately 135 °C to 210 °C (275 °F to 410 °F). May also include unsaturated hydrocarbons such as indene and coumarone.
This oil is a complex mixture of aromatic hydrocarbons, primarily indene, naphthalene, coumarone, phenol, and o-, m-, and p-cresol and boiling in the range of 140°C to 215°C (284°F to 419°F).
292-609-5
90640-87-2
648-022-00-5
Carc. 1B; Muta. 1B
This oil is a complex reaction mass of aromatic hydrocarbons, primarily indene, naphthalene, coumarone, phenol, and o-, m- and p-cresol and boiling in the range of 140 °C to 215 °C (284 °F to 419 °F).
A complex combination of hydrocarbons obtained by distillation of coal tar. It consists of aromatic and other hydrocarbons, phenolic compounds and aromatic nitrogen compounds and distills at the approximate range of 150°C to 210°C (302°F to 410°F).
283-483-2
84650-03-3
648-023-00-0
Carc. 1B; Muta. 1B
A complex combination of hydrocarbons obtained by distillation of coal tar. It consists of aromatic and other hydrocarbons, phenolic compounds and aromatic nitrogen compounds and distills at the approximate range of 150 °C to 210 °C (302 °F to 410 °F).
The distillate from high temperature coal tar having an approximate distillation range of 130°C to 250°C (266°F to 410°F). Composed primarily of naphthalene, alkylnaphthalenes, phenolic compounds, and aromatic nitrogen bases.
266-016-7
65996-82-9
648-024-00-6
Carc. 1B; Muta. 1B
The distillate from high temperature coal tar having an approximate distillation range of 130 °C to 250 °C (266 °F to 410 °F). Composed primarily of naphthalene, alkylnaphthalenes, phenolic compounds, and aromatic nitrogen bases.
The oil resulting from the acid washing of alkali-washed carbolic oil to remove the minor amounts of basic compounds (tar bases). Composed primarily of indene, indan and alkylbenzenes.
292-624-7
90641-01-3
648-026-00-7
Carc. 1B; Muta. 1B
The oil resulting from the acid washing of alkali-washed carbolic oil to remove the minor amounts of basic compounds (tar bases). Composed primarily of indene, indan and alkylbenzenes.
The residue obtained from coal tar oil by an alkaline wash such as aqueous sodium hydroxide after the removal of crude coal tar acids. Composed primarily of naphthalenes and aromatic nitrogen bases.
266-021-4
65996-87-4
648-027-00-2
Carc. 1B; Muta. 1B
The residue obtained from coal tar oil by an alkaline wash such as aqueous sodium hydroxide after the removal of crude coal tar acids. Composed primarily of naphthalenes and aromatic nitrogen bases.
The aqueous extract produced by an acidic wash of alkali-washed carbolic oil. Composed primarily of acid salts of various aromatic nitrogen bases including pyridine, quinoline and their alkyl derivatives.
292-622-6
90640-99-6
648-028-00-8
Carc. 1B; Muta. 1B
The aqueous extract produced by an acidic wash of alkali-washed carbolic oil. Composed primarily of acid salts of various aromatic nitrogen bases including pyridine, quinoline and their alkyl derivatives.
The complex combination of polyalkylated pyridines derived from coal tar distillation or as high-boiling distillates approximately above 150°C (302°F) from the reaction of ammonia with acetaldehyde, formaldehyde or paraformaldehyde.
269-929-9
68391-11-7
648-029-00-3
Carc. 1B; Muta. 1B
The complex combination of polyalkylated pyridines derived from coal tar distillation or as high-boiling distillates approxi mately above 150o C (302oF) from the reaction of ammonia with acetaldehyde, formaldehyde or paraformaldehyde.
Pyridine bases boiling in the range of approximately 125°C to 160°C (257°F 320°F) obtained by distillation of neutralized acid extract of the base-containing tar fraction obtained by the distillation of bituminous coal tars. Composed chiefly of lutidines and picolines.
295-548-2
92062-33-4
648-030-00-9
Carc. 1B; Muta. 1B
Pyridine bases boiling in the range of approximately 125 °C to 160 °C (257 °F 320 °F) obtained by distillation of neutralized acid extract of the base-containing tar fraction obtained by the distillation of bituminous coal tars. Composed chiefly of lutidines and picolines.
293-766-2
91082-52-9
648-031-00-4
Carc. 1B; Muta. 1B
The extract produced by the acidic extraction of bases from crude coal tar aromatic oils, neutralization, and distillation of the bases. Composed primarily of collidines, aniline, toluidines, lutidines, xylidines.
273-077-3
68937-63-3
648-032-00-X
Carc. 1B; Muta. 1B
The extract produced by the acidic extraction of bases from crude coal tar aromatic oils, neutralization, and distillation of the bases. Composed primarily of collidines, aniline, toluidines, lutidines, xylidines.
The distillation fraction boiling in the range of approximately 181°C to 186°C (356°F to 367°F) from the crude bases obtained from the neutralized, acid-extracted base-containing tar fractions obtained by the distillation of bituminous coal tar. It contains chiefly aniline and collidines.
295-543-5
92062-28-7
648-033-00-5
Carc. 1B; Muta. 1B
The distillation fraction boiling in the range of approximately 181 °C to 186 °C (356 °F to 367 °F) from the crude bases obtained from the neutralized, acid-extracted base-containing tar fractions obtained by the distillation of bituminous coal tar. It contains chiefly aniline and collidines.
The distillation fraction boiling in the range of approximately 180°C to 200°C (356°F to 392°F) from the crude bases obtained by dephenolating and debasing the carbolated oil from the distillation of coal tar. It contains chiefly aniline, collidines, lutidines and toluidines.
295-541-4
92062-27-6
648-034-00-0
Carc. 1B; Muta. 1B
The distillation fraction boiling in the range of approximately 180 °C to 200 °C (356 °F to 392 °F) from the crude bases obtained by dephenolating and debasing the carbolated oil from the distillation of coal tar. It contains chiefly aniline, collidines, lutidines and toluidines.
293-767-8
91082-53-0
648-035-00-6
Carc. 1B; Muta. 1B
A complex combination of hydrocarbons obtained as a redistillate from the fractional distillation of bituminous coal high temperature tar and residual oils that are obtained by the pyrolytic production of alkenes and alkynes from petroleum products or natural gas. It consists predominantly of indene and boils in a range of approximately 160°C to 190°C (320°F to 374°F).
295-292-1
91995-31-2
648-036-00-1
Carc. 1B; Muta. 1B
A complex combination of hydrocarbons obtained as a redistillate from the fractional distillation of bituminous coal high temperature tar and residual oils that are obtained by the pyrolytic production of alkenes and alkynes from petroleum products or natural gas. It consists predominantly of indene and boils in a range of approximately 160 °C to 190 °C (320 °F to 374 °F).
The redistillate obtained from the fractional distillation of bituminous coal high temperature tar and pyrolysis residual oils and boiling in the range of approximately 190°C to 270°C (374°F to 518°F). Composed primarily of substituted dinuclear aromatics.
295-295-8
91995-35-6
648-037-00-7
Carc. 1B; Muta. 1B
The redistillate obtained from the fractional distillation of bituminous coal high temperature tar and pyrolysis residual oils and boiling in the range of approximately 190 °C to 270 °C (374 °F to 518 °F). Composed primarily of substituted dinuclear aromatics.
The redistillate from the fractional distillation of dephenolated and debased methylnaphthalene oil obtained from bituminous coal high temperature tar and pyrolysis residual oils boiling in the approximate range of 220°C to 230°C (428°F to 446°F). It consists predominantly of unsubstituted and substituted dinuclear aromatic hydrocarbons.
295-329-1
91995-66-3
648-038-00-2
Carc. 1B; Muta. 1B
The redistillate from the fractional distillation of dephe nolated and debased methylnaphthalene oil obtained from bituminous coal high temperature tar and pyrolysis residual oils boiling in the approximate range of 220 °C to 230 °C (428 °F to 446 °F). It consists predominantly of unsubstituted and substituted dinuclear aromatic hydrocarbons.
A neutral oil obtained by debasing and dephenolating the oil obtained from the distillation of high temperature tar and pyrolysis residual oils which has a boiliing range of 225°C to 255°C (437°F to 491°F). Composed primarily of substituted dinuclear aromatic hydrocarbons.
310-170-0
122070-79-5
648-039-00-8
Carc. 1B; Muta. 1B
A neutral oil obtained by debasing and dephenolating the oil obtained from the distillation of high temperature tar and pyrolysis residual oils which has a boiliing range of 225 °C to 255 °C (437 °F to 491 °F). Composed primarily of substituted dinuclear aromatic hydrocarbons.
Residue from the distillation of dephenolated and debased methylnaphthalene oil (from bituminous coal tar and pyrolysis residual oils) with a boiling range of 240°C to 260°C (464°F to 500°F). Composed primarily of substituted dinuclear aromatic and heterocyclic hydrocarbons.
310-171-6
122070-80-8
648-040-00-3
Carc. 1B; Muta. 1B
Residue from the distillation of dephenolated and debased methylnaphthalene oil (from bituminous coal tar and pyrolysis residual oils) with a boiling range of 240 °C to 260 °C (464 °F to 500 °F). Composed primarily of substituted dinuclear aromatic and heterocyclic hydrocarbons.
A complex combination of hydrocarbons obtained as a redistillate from the distillation of wash oil. It consists predominantly of 2-ringed aromatic and heterocyclic hydrocarbons boiling in the range of approximately 260°C to 290°C (500°F to 554°F).
309-851-5
101316-45-4
648-041-00-9
Carc. 1B
A complex combination of hydrocarbons obtained as a redistillate from the distillation of wash oil. It consists predominantly of 2-ringed aromatic and heterocyclic hydrocarbons boiling in the range of approximately 260 °C to 290 °C (500 °F to 554 °F).
A complex combination of hydrocarbons obtained by the crystallization of the fractional distillates from coal tar. It consists of aromatic and polycyclic hydrocarbons, primarily fluorene and acenaphthene.
284-900-0
84989-11-7
648-042-00-4
Carc. 1B
A complex combination of hydrocarbons obtained by the crystallization of tar oil. It consists af aromatic and polycyclic hydrocarbons primarily fluorene and some acenaphthene.
The oil remaining after removal by a crystallization process of acenaphthene from acenaphthene oil from coal tar. Composed primarily of naphthalene and alkylnaphthalenes.
292-606-9
90640-85-0
648-043-00-X
Carc. 1B
The oil remaining after removal by a crystallization process of acenaphthene from acenaphthene oil from coal tar. Composed primarily of naphthalene and alkylnaphthalenes.
Distillate from the fractional distillation of coal tar of bituminous coal, with boiling range of 240°C to 400°C (464°F to 752°F). Composed primarily of tri- and polynuclear hydrocarbons and heterocyclic compounds.
292-607-4
90640-86-1
648-044-00-5
Carc. 1B
Distillate from the fractional distillation of coal tar of bituminous coal, with boiling range of 240 °C to 400 °C (464 °F to 752 °F). Composed primarily of tri-and polynuclear hydrocarbons and heterocyclic compounds.
The distillate from coal tar having an approximate distillation range of 220°C to 450°C (428°F to 842°F). Composed primarily of three to four membered condensed ring aromatic hydrocarbons and other hydrocarbons.
266-026-1
65996-91-0
648-045-00-0
Carc. 1B
The distillate from coal tar having an approximate distillation range of 220 °C to 450 °C (428 °F to 842 °F). Composed primarily of three to four membered condensed ring aromatic hydrocarbons and other hydrocarbons.
A complex combination of hydrocarbons from the base-freed fraction obtained from the distillation of coal tar and boiling in the range of approximately 325°C to 365°C (617°F to 689°F). It contains predominantly anthracene and phenanthrene and their alkyl derivatives.
295-274-3
91995-14-1
648-046-00-6
Carc. 1B
A complex combination of hydrocarbons from the base-freed fraction obtained from the distillation of coal tar and boiling in the range of approxi mately 325 °C to 365 °C (617 °F to 689 °F). It contains predominantly anthracene and phenanthrene and their alkyl derivatives.
The distillate from coal tar having an approximate distillation range of 100°C to 450°C (212°F to 842°F). Composed primarily of two to four membered condensed ring aromatic hydrocarbons, phenolic compounds, and aromatic nitrogen bases.
266-027-7
65996-92-1
648-047-00-1
Carc. 1B
The distillate from coal tar having an approximate distillation range of 100 °C to 450 °C (212 °F to 842 °F). Composed primarily of two to four membered condensed ring aromatic hydrocarbons, phenolic compounds, and aromatic nitrogen bases.
The distillate from the distillation of the pitch obtained from bituminous high temperature tar. Composed primarily of tri- and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons and boiling in the range of approximately 300°C to 470°C (572°F to 878°F). The product may also contain heteroatoms.
295-312-9
91995-51-6
648-048-00-7
Carc. 1B
The distillate from the distillation of the pitch obtained from bituminous high temperature tar. Composed primarily of tri- and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons and boiling in the range of approximately 300 °C to 470 °C (572 °F to 878 °F). The product may also contain heteroatoms.
The oil obtained from condensation of the vapors from the heat treatment of pitch. Composed primarily of two- to four-ring aromatic compounds boiling in the range of 200°C to greater than 400°C (392°F to greater than 752°F).
309-855-7
101316-49-8
648-049-00-2
Carc. 1B
The oil obtained from condensation of the vapors from the heat treatment of pitch. Composed primarily of two to four ring aromatic compounds boiling in the range of 200 °C to greater than 400 °C (392 °F to greater than 752 °F).
The redistillate obtained from the fractional distillation of pitch distillate boiling in the range of approximately 350°C to 400°C (662°F to 752°F). Consists predominantly of tri- and polynuclear aromatics and heterocyclic hydrocarbons.
295-304-5
91995-42-5
648-050-00-8
Carc. 1B
The redistillate obtained from the fractional distillation of pitch distillate boiling in the range of approximately 350 °C to 400 °C (662 °F to 752 °F). Consists predominantly of tri- and polynuclear aromatics and heterocyclic hydrocarbons.
The redistillate obtained from the fractional distillation of pitch distillate and boiling in the range of approximately 380°C to 410°C (716°F to 770°F). Composed primarily of tri- and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons and heterocyclic compounds.
295-313-4
91995-52-7
648-051-00-3
Carc. 1B
The redistillate obtained from the fractional distillation of pitch distillate and boiling in the range of approximately 380 °C to 410 °C (7160 to 770 °F). Composed primarily of tri- and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons and heterocyclic compounds.
A complex combination of hydrocarbons obtained by the treatment of lignite carbonization tar with activated carbon for removal of trace constituents and impurities. It consists predominantly of saturated straight and branched chain hydrocarbons having carbon numbers predominantly greater than C12.
308-296-6
97926-76-6
648-052-00-9
Carc. 1B
A complex combination of hydrocarbons obtained by the treatment of lignite carbon ization tar with activated carbon for removal of trace constituents and impurities. It consists predominantly of saturated straight and branched chain hydrocarbons having carbon numbers predominantly greater than C12.
A complex combination of hydrocarbons obtained by the treatment of lignite carbonization tar with bentonite for removal of trace constituents and impurities. It consists predominantly of saturated straight and branched chain hydrocarbons having carbon numbers predominantly greater than C12.
308-297-1
97926-77-7
648-053-00-4
Carc. 1B
A complex combination of hydrocarbons obtained by the treatment of lignite carbonization tar with bentonite for removal of trace constituents and impurities. It consists predominantly of saturated straight and branched chain hydrocarbons having carbon numbers predominantly greater than C12.
263-072-4
61789-60-4
648-054-00-X
Carc. 1B
The residue from the distillation of high temperature coal tar. A black solid with an approximate softening point from 30°C to 180°C (86°F to 356°F). Composed primarily of a complex mixture of three or more membered condensed ring aromatic hydrocarbons.
266-028-2
65996-93-2
648-055-00-5
Carc. 1A; Muta. 1B; Repr. 1B
The residue from the distillation of high temperature coal tar. A black solid with an approximate softening point from 30 oC to 180 oC (86oF to 356oF). Composed primarily of a complex mixture of three or more membered condensed ring aromatic hydrocarbons.
The heat treated residue from the distillation of high temperature coal tar. A black solid with an approximate softening point from 80°C to 180°C (176°F to 356°F). Composed primarily of a complex mixture of three or more membered condensed ring aromatic hydrocarbons.
310-162-7
121575-60-8
648-056-00-0
Carc. 1B
The heat treated residue from the distillation of high temperature coal tar. A black solid with an approximate softening point from 80 °C to 180 °C (176 °F to 356 °F). Composed primarily of a complex mixture of three or more membered condensed ring aromatic hydrocarbons.
The residue obtained during the distillation of high boiling fractions from bituminous coal high temperature tar and/or pitch coke oil, with a softening point of 140° to 170°C (284°F to 392°F) according to DIN 52025. Composed primarily of tri- and polynuclear aromatic compounds which also contain heteroatoms.
302-650-3
94114-13-3
648-057-00-6
Carc. 1B
The residue obtained during the distillation of high boiling fractions from bituminous coal high temperature tar and/or pitch coke oil, with a softening point of 140 °C to 170 °C (284 °F to 392 °F) according to DIN 52025. Composed primarily of tri- and polynuclear aromatic compounds which also contain heteroatoms.
Residue from the fractional distillation of pitch distillate boiling in the range of approximately 400°C to 470°C (752°F to 846°F). Composed primarily of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, and heterocyclic compounds.
295-507-9
92061-94-4
648-058-00-1
Carc. 1B
Residue from the fractional distillation of pitch distillate boiling in the range of approximately 400 °C to 470 °C (752 °F to 846 °F). Composed primarily of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, and heterocyclic compounds.
Coke- and ash-containing solid residues that separate on distillation and thermal treatment of bituminous coal high temperature tar in distillation installations and storage vessels. Consists predominantly of carbon and contains a small quantity of hetero compounds as well as ash components.
295-535-1
92062-20-9
648-059-00-7
Carc. 1B
Coke and ash containing solid residues that separate on distillation and thermal treatment of bituminous coal high temperature tar in distillation installations and storage vessels. Consists predominantly of carbon and contains a small quantity of hetero compounds as well as ash components.
The deposit removed from crude coal tar storages. Composed primarily of coal tar and carbonaceous particulate matter.
293-764-1
91082-50-7
648-060-00-2
Carc. 1B
The deposit removed from crude coal tar storages. Composed primarily of coal tar and carbonaceous particulate matter.
Solids formed during the coking of bituminous coal to produce crude bituminous coal high temperature tar. Composed primarily of coke and coal particles, highly aromatized compounds and mineral substances.
309-726-5
100684-51-3
648-061-00-8
Carc. 1B
Solids formed during the coking of bituminous coal to produce crude bituminous coal high temperature tar. Composed primarily of coke and coal particles, highly aromatized compounds and mineral substances.
The condensation product obtained by cooling, to approximately ambient temperature, the gas evolved in the high temperature (greater than 700°C (1292°F)) destructive distillation of coal. Composed primarily of a complex mixture of condensed ring aromatic hydrocarbons with a high solid content of coal- and coke-type materials.
273-615-7
68990-61-4
648-062-00-3
Carc. 1B
The condensation product obtained by cooling, to approximately ambient temperature, the gas evolved in the high temperature (greater than 700 °C (1292 °F)) destructive distillation of coal. Composed primarily of a complex mixture of condensed ring aromatic hydrocarbons with a high solid content of coal-type materials.

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