Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 234-454-8 | CAS number: 12004-35-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://poisoncentres.echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_environmental-fate-and-pathways.png)
Bioaccumulation: aquatic / sediment
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
The BCF of 270 L/kg was considered to be a cautious estimate, as under conditions where dissolved Ni concentrations are > 1.2 ug Ni/L, the BCF will be < 270 L/kg. In the absence of other data, this value was used to estimate tissue Ni concentrations for all aquatic organisms (e.g., bivalves, fish, and cephalopods) with the exception of C. edule.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- BCF (aquatic species):
- 270 L/kg ww
Additional information
No data for aquatic bioaccumulation are available for the test substance Nickel aluminate. However, there are reliable data available for different structurally analogue test substances and for Nickel measured as element in field investigations.
The environmental fate pathways and ecotoxicity effects assessments for Ni metal and Ni compounds is based on the observation that adverse effects to aquatic, soil- and sediment-dwelling organisms are a consequence of exposure to the bioavailable Ni-ion, released by the parent compound. The result of this assumption is that the ecotoxicology will be similar for all soluble Ni substances used in the ecotoxicity experiments. Therefore, data from soluble nickel substances are used in the derivation of ecotoxicological and environmental fate endpoints, based on the Niion.With respect to these considerations, data collected on elemental Nickel (e.g. environmental concentrations for Ni2+) can also be taken into account.
BCFs for fish and phytoplankton are generally less than 100, whereas a few BCF for crustacea were between 100 and 360 and around 500 in a brown macroalgae. In bivalves bioaccumulation factors are generally higher. For marine bivalves, i.e. blue mussel and eastern oyster, the reported bioaccumulation factors are between 100 and 350 whereas it seems that for another bivalve (the sediment burrowing bivalve Cerastoderma edule) significantly higher factors between 3000 and 60,000 are reported. Only one C. edule BAF for Ni is based on measured tissue concentrations and parallel Ni seawater concentrations. This value, reported by Boyden (1975), was 1631 L/kg. This value was used in the EU RAR for situations where C. edule was a relevant prey item for marine food chains.
An in-depth review of the bioconcentration literature (laboratory tests) has been performed by Brix and DeForest (2000). The investigators concluded that many aquatic animals regulate metals to a varying degree, based on the observation of an inverse relationship between water concentration and the corresponding BCF within a certain concentration range of metal ion in the aqueous phase (1 to 100 μg/l, Brix and DeForest 2000). This inverse relationship has been observed for Ni in fish and molluscs. A negative relationship between Ni BCF and Ni exposure concentrations was observed by McGeer et al. (2003) when they aggregated whole fish tissue data published by Lind et al. (1978) and Blaylock and Frank (1979). Using a generic seawater concentration of 1.2 ug Ni/L, a BCF of 270 L/kg was calculated from this linear relationship. The BCF of 270 L/kg was considered to be a cautious estimate, as under conditions where dissolved Ni concentrations are > 1.2 ug Ni/L, the BCF will be < 270 L/kg. In the absence of other data, this value was used to estimate tissue Ni concentrations for all aquatic organisms (e.g., bivalves, fish, and cephalopods) with the exception of C. edule.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
![ECHA](/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/echa_logo.png)