2-hydroxy-5-octanoylbenzoic acid

Endpoint summary

Administrative data

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Skin sensitisation

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

skin sensitisation: in vivo (non-LLNA)

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

24 August 1989 - 1 October 1989

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: GLP study performed according to OECD guideline 406 with minor deviations: no data about purity and no certificate of analysis of the test substance

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to other study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 406 (Skin Sensitisation)

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

No data about purity/stability and no certificate of analysis of the test substance

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Not applicable

GLP compliance:

yes

Type of study:

guinea pig maximisation test

Species:

guinea pig

Strain:

Dunkin-Hartley

Sex:

female

Details on test animals and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: David Hall Limited, Burton-on-Trent, U.K.
- Age at study initiation: 8-12 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: 326-402 g
- Housing: in groups of up to four in solid-floor polypropylene cages with softwood shavings
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): Guinea Pig FD1 Diet, Special Diet Services Limited, Witham, U.K., ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): tap water ad libitum
- Acclimation period: at least 5 days

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 18-23
- Humidity (%): 60-68%
- Air changes (per hr): 15
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12

IN-LIFE DATES: from 24 August 1989 to 1 October 1989

Route:

intradermal and epicutaneous

Vehicle:

arachis oil

Concentration / amount:

Intradermal induction:
Test group: three pairs of intradermal injections (0.1 mL)
1) 1:1 mixture of Freund's Complete Adjuvant and distilled water
2) 1% (w/v) dilution of test material in arachis oil
3) 1% (w/v) dilution of test material in a 1:1 preparation of Freund's Complete Adjuvant and arachis oil

Control group: three pairs of intradermal injections (0.1 mL)
1) 1:1 mixture of Freund's Complete Adjuvant and distilled water
2) 1% (w/v) dilution of arachis oil
3) 1% (w/v) dilution of arachis oil in a 1:1 preparation of Freund's Complete Adjuvant and arachis oil

Topical induction: 0.5% (w/w) in arachis oil

Challenge: 2% (w/w) in arachis oil

Route:

epicutaneous, occlusive

Vehicle:

arachis oil

Concentration / amount:

Intradermal induction:
Test group: three pairs of intradermal injections (0.1 mL)
1) 1:1 mixture of Freund's Complete Adjuvant and distilled water
2) 1% (w/v) dilution of test material in arachis oil
3) 1% (w/v) dilution of test material in a 1:1 preparation of Freund's Complete Adjuvant and arachis oil

Control group: three pairs of intradermal injections (0.1 mL)
1) 1:1 mixture of Freund's Complete Adjuvant and distilled water
2) 1% (w/v) dilution of arachis oil
3) 1% (w/v) dilution of arachis oil in a 1:1 preparation of Freund's Complete Adjuvant and arachis oil

Topical induction: 0.5% (w/w) in arachis oil

Challenge: 2% (w/w) in arachis oil

No. of animals per dose:

20 animals treated with test item
10 animals as control

Details on study design:

RANGE FINDING TESTS:
Intradermal irritancy (see table1):
Two animals were intradermally injected 1 and 5% of test item in arachis oil, respectively, and were observed for 7 days. At 5%, necrosis was observed and as well as eschar 7 days after injection.
Topical irritancy (see tables 2 and 3):
Four animals were each exposed to 4 concentrations of the test item by topical application for 48 h and were observed up to 48 h after exposure: two of them were exposed to 50, 25, 10 and 5% and the two others were tested at 2, 1, 0.5 and 0.1%. Exposure at 0.5% caused irritation effects scored 1 in both animals, one hour after exposure, and reversible within 24 h.
Two animals were each exposed to 2, 1, 0.5 and 0.1% of the test item by topical application for 24 h and were observed up to 48 h after exposure: exposure to 2% gave slight irritation effects scored 1, one hour after exposure, and reversible within 24 h.
Thus, concentrations of 1, 0.5 and 2% were chosen for intradermal induction, topical induction and challenge, respectively.

MAIN STUDY
A. INDUCTION EXPOSURE
- No. of exposures: 2
- Exposure period: 7 days + 48 h
- Test groups: 20 animals intradermally injected 3 pairs of 0.1 mL injections:
1) 1:1 mixture of Freund's Complete Adjuvant and distilled water
2) 1% (w/v) dilution of test material in arachis oil
3) 1% (w/v) dilution of test material in a 1:1 preparation of Freund's Complete Adjuvant and arachis oil
One week later, topical application of the test article over the injection sites was done with 0.2-0.3 mL of 0.5% (w/w) of test item in arachis oil for 48 h under occlusive conditions.
Site: shoulder region

- Control group: 10 animals intradermally injected 3 pairs of 0.1 mL injections:
1) 1:1 mixture of Freund's Complete Adjuvant and distilled water
2) 1% (w/v) dilution of arachis oil
3) 1% (w/v) dilution of arachis oil in a 1:1 preparation of Freund's Complete Adjuvant and arachis oil
One week later, topical application of 0.2-0.3 mL of arachis oil over the injection sites for 48 h under occlusive conditions.
Site: shoulder region

B. CHALLENGE EXPOSURE
- No. of exposures: 1
- Day(s) of challenge: 2 weeks after topical induction
- Exposure period: 24 h under occlusive consitions
- Site: right flank for test substance, left flank for arachis oil only, for all animals
- Concentrations: 2% w/w in arachis oil
- Evaluation (hr after challenge): 24 and 48 h

Challenge controls:

Patches of arachis oil applied on the left flanks of all animals

Positive control substance(s):

yes

Remarks:

2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene

Concentration:

Not applicable

No. of animals per dose:

Not applicable

Details on study design:

Not applicable

Statistics:

Not applicable

Positive control results:

The positive control, challenged at 0.1%, produced 15/19 positive responses, corresponding to 79% of positive responses.

Reading:

1st reading

Hours after challenge:

24

Group:

test chemical

Dose level:

2 %

No. with + reactions:

14

Total no. in group:

20

Clinical observations:

mild to moderate redness with haemorrhage of the dermal capillaries in 3 animals

Remarks on result:

other: Reading: 1st reading. . Hours after challenge: 24.0. Group: test group. Dose level: 2 %. No with. + reactions: 14.0. Total no. in groups: 20.0. Clinical observations: mild to moderate redness with haemorrhage of the dermal capillaries in 3 animals.

Reading:

2nd reading

Hours after challenge:

48

Group:

test chemical

Dose level:

2 %

No. with + reactions:

4

Total no. in group:

20

Clinical observations:

Desquamation in positive animals and in 8 other animals

Remarks on result:

other: Reading: 2nd reading. . Hours after challenge: 48.0. Group: test group. Dose level: 2 %. No with. + reactions: 4.0. Total no. in groups: 20.0. Clinical observations: Desquamation in positive animals and in 8 other animals.

Reading:

1st reading

Hours after challenge:

24

Group:

negative control

Dose level:

2 %

No. with + reactions:

0

Total no. in group:

10

Remarks on result:

other: Reading: 1st reading. . Hours after challenge: 24.0. Group: negative control. Dose level: 2 %. No with. + reactions: 0.0. Total no. in groups: 10.0.

Reading:

2nd reading

Hours after challenge:

48

Group:

negative control

Dose level:

2 %

No. with + reactions:

0

Total no. in group:

10

Remarks on result:

other: Reading: 2nd reading. . Hours after challenge: 48.0. Group: negative control. Dose level: 2 %. No with. + reactions: 0.0. Total no. in groups: 10.0.

Parameter:

SI

Remarks on result:

other: Not applicable

Parameter:

other: disintegrations per minute (DPM)

Remarks on result:

other: Not applicable

Table 1: Intradermal irritancy during range-finding test

Animal	Time of observation	Concentration of test material (% w/v)	Evidence of necrosis	Evidence of systemic toxicity
A	24 h	1	None	None
	48 h		None	None
	72 h		None	None
	7 days		None	None
B	24 h	5	Necrosis	None
	48 h		Necrosis	None
	72 h		Necrosis	None
	7 days		Eschar	None

Table 2: Topical irritancy during range-finding test after 48-h exposure

Animal	Concentration of test material (% w/v)	Time of observation after dressing removal
		1 h	24 h	48 h
C	50	?eOeWeN	?eThN	?eThN
	25	?eOeWeN	?eThN	?eThN
	10	?eWeN	?eThN	?eThN
	5	?eHdWe	?eHdTh	?eHdTh
D	50	?eOeHdWeN	?eThN	?eThN
	25	?eOeHdWeN	?eThN	?eThN
	10	?eOeHd	?eThHd	?eThHd
	5	?eOeHd	?eThHd	?eThHd
E	2	2 Oe	1	1 ThD
	1	1 Oe	1	1
	0.5	1 Oe	0	0
	0.1	1	0	0
F	2	?eOeHdLe	?eStOeBs	?eStOeBs
	1	?eHdLeOe	?eStOeBs	?eStOeCr
	0.5	1 Oe	0	0
	0.1	1	0	0

?e = evaluation of erythema precluded by other adverse reactions

Bs = bleeding due to fissuring

Cr = cracking of the skin

D = desquamation

Hd = haemorrhage of dermal capillaries

Le = loss of skin elasticity

N = necrosis

Od = well-defined oedema

Oe = oedema extending beyond treatment site

R = reaction extending beyond treatment site

Ss = small superficial scattered scabs

St = small areas of black-coloured scabs over test site

Th = thickening of the skin

We = well-defined erythema surrounding treatment site

Table 3: Topical irritancy during range-finding test after 24-h exposure

Animal	Concentration of test material (% w/v)	Time of observation after dressing removal
		1 h	24 h	48 h
G	2	1	0	0
	1	1	0	0
	0.5	0	0	0
	0.1	0	0	0
H	2	1	0	0
	1	0	0	0
	0.5	0	0	0
	0.1	0	0	0

Table 4: Skin reactions after challenge in the main study

	Skin reaction after topical induction (hours after removal of dressing)		Skin reaction after challenge (hours after removal of dressing)
	1	24	24		48
			Test	Vehicle	Test	Vehicle
Test group	1	1	1 R	0	0 D	0
	1	0	0	0	0	0
	1	0	?eHdOd	0	?eDTh	0
	2	?eSs	1	0	0 D	0
	1	0	1	0	0 D	0
	1	0	1	0	0 D	0
	1	0	0	0	0	0
	2	1	1	0	0 D	0
	1	0	0	0	0	0
	2	1	1	0	0 D	0
	1	0	0	0	0	0
	1	1	0	0	0	0
	1	0	0	0	0 D	0
	1	0	2	0	1 D	0
	2	1	2 Hd	0	1 D	0
	1	1	1	0	0 D	0
	2	1	?eHdOd	0	1 D	0
	2	0	1	0	0	0
	1	1	1	0	0	0
	1	1	1	0	0	0
Control group	0	0	0	0	0	0
	0	0	0	0	0	0
	0	0	0	0	0	0
	0	0	0	0	0	0
	0	0	0	0	0	0
	0	0	0	0	0	0
	0	0	0	0	0	0
	0	0	0	0	0	0
	0	0	0	0	0	0
	0	0	0	0	0	0

?e = evaluation of erythema precluded by other adverse reactions

D = desquamation

Hd = haemorrhage of dermal capillaries

Od = well-defined oedema

Ss = small superficial scattered scabs

Th = thickening of the skin

Interpretation of results:

sensitising

Remarks:

Migrated information

Conclusions:

Under these test conditions, Mexoryl SAB can be classified as skin sensitiser according to the Annex VI to the Directive 67/548/EEC and in category 1 of the CLP Regulation (EC) N° (1272-2008).

Executive summary:

A dermal sensitisation study using Magnusson and Kligman method on guinea pigs with ER 195 was done according to OECD guideline n°406 and in GLP conditions. 20 test animals were induced intradermally with 1% w/v of test substance in arachis oil with Freund's Complete Adjuvant and 10 additional animals served as controls (vehicle and Freund's Complete Adjuvant). After 1 week, topical application of the test article (or arachis oil alone for controls) over the injection sites was done with 0.5% w/w concentration of the test article in arachis oil for 48 h under occlusive conditions. Two weeks later, animals were challenged using occlusive topical application with 2% w/w test article in arachis oil and placed onto the right flank of all animals for 24 h. The left flank was similarly treated with arachis oil alone and served as control. Skin reactions were scored 24 and 48 h after dressing removal.

14 out of 20 animals had positive reactions 24 h after challenge and 4 animals were positive at 48 h reading whereas no reaction could be observed in controls. As more than 30 % of total tested animals (70%) had positive response, it is concluded that under these test conditions, ER 195 needs to be classified as skin sensitiser according to the Annex VI to the Directive 67/548/EEC and in category 1 of the CLP Regulation (EC) N° (1272-2008).

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

adverse effect observed (sensitising)

Respiratory sensitisation

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no study available

Justification for classification or non-classification

Based on two validated studies using Magnusson and Kligman method showing 25% and 70% positive responses, Mexoryl SAB needs to be classified as skin sensitiser with risk phrase R43 "May cause sensitisation by skin contact" according to the Directive 67/548/CEE and in category 1 with risk phrase H317 "May cause an allergic skin reaction" according to the Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 (CLP).

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