1-(2-hydroxyethyl)pyrrolidin-2-one

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

The skin sensitising properties of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-pyrrolidon were determined in a GLP study according to OECD guideline 429 (Local Lymph Node Assay (LLNA)) and EU method B.42 (Harlan CCR, 2012). For this purpose, three groups of 5 female mice each were treated with increasing concentrations of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-pyrrolidon (25%, 50% and 100% in vehicle, respectively) applied on the dorsum of both ears (25 µL per ear) for three consecutive days. Three days after the last treatment, all animals received an intravenous injection of³H-methyl Thymidine (³HTdR). Five hours later, the³HTdR incorporation in the draining auricular lymph nodes was determined. The results were compared with those of a control group which was treated with the vehicle (N,N-dimethylformamide). A positive control group treated with α-hexyl cinnamaldehyde (up to 25% HCA solution in acetone:olive oil, 4:1 v/v) was included in the report as a reliability check.

No signs of irritation were observed after application of a 25%, 50% and 100% concentration of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-pyrrolidon.

Stimulation indices (SIs) of 1.14, 0.22 and 1.47 were calculated in response to a 25%, 50% and 100% N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-pyrrolidon concentration, respectively. Since the SIs were lower than 3 at all concentrations the results indicated that N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-pyrrolidon should not be considered a skin sensitiser (a SI of 3 is the limiting value required for classification as a skin sensitiser).

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Skin sensitisation

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

skin sensitisation: in vivo (LLNA)

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 429 (Skin Sensitisation: Local Lymph Node Assay)

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method B.42 (Skin Sensitisation: Local Lymph Node Assay)

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Type of study:

mouse local lymph node assay (LLNA)

Species:

mouse

Strain:

other: CBA/CaCrl

Sex:

female

Details on test animals and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River UK, Manston Road, Margate, Kent CT9 4LT, United Kingdom
- Age at study initiation: pre-test: 8-9 weeks, main study: 8-9 weeks
- Weight at study initiation:
- Housing: grouo housing in Makrolon Type II/III, with wire mesh top (EHRET GmbH, 79302 Emmendingen, Germany) with granulated soft wood bedding (Rettenmaier & Söhne GmbH + Co. KG, 73494 Rosenberg, Germany)
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): Pelleted standard diet, ad libitum (Harlan Laboratories B.V., 5960 AD Horst, Netherlands)
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): Tap water, ad libitum (Gemeindewerke, 64380 Rossdorf, Germany)
- Acclimation period: at least 5 days

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 22 ± 2
- Humidity (%): 45 - 65
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12 / 12

Vehicle:

dimethylformamide

Concentration:

25, 50 and 100 %

No. of animals per dose:

5

Details on study design:

Three groups each of five female mice were treated with different concentrations (based on the results of a pretest) of the test item by topical application at the dorsum of each ear once daily each on three consecutive days. A control group of five mice was treated with the vehicle only. Five days after the first topical application, the mice were intravenously injected into a tail vein with radio-labelled thymidine (3H-methyl thymidine; 3HTdR). Approximately five hours after intravenous injection, the mice were sacrificed and the draining auricular lymph nodes excised, pooled per animal and immediately weighed using an analytical balance. Both ears were punched at the apical area and the punches were immediately weighed pooled per animal. Afterwards, single cell suspensions of lymph node cells were prepared from lymph nodes pooled per animal. An aliquot of each cell suspension was used for determination of lymph node cell count. The suspensions were washed and incubated with trichloroacetic acid overnight. The proliferative capacity of pooled lymph node cells was determined by the incorporation of 3H-methyl thymidine measured in a β-scintillation counter.

Positive control substance(s):

hexyl cinnamic aldehyde (CAS No 101-86-0)

Statistics:

The mean values and standard deviations were calculated in the body weight tables and for the DPM values (group mean DPM ± standard deviation) as well as for the ear weights, lymph node weights and lymph node cell counts.
A statistical analysis was conducted on the DPM values, the ear weights, the lymph node weights and the lymph node cell count to assess whether the difference was statistically significant between test item groups and negative control group. For all statistical calculations SigmaStat for Windows (Version 2.0) was used. A One-Way-Analysis-of-Variance was used as statistical method. In case of significant results of the One-Way-ANOVA, multiple comparisons were performed with the Dunnett test. Statistical significance was set at the five per cent level (p < 0.05). The Dean-Dixon-Test and Grubb’s test were used for identification of possible outliers (performed with Microsoft Excel 2003).
However, both biological and statistical significance were considered together.

Positive control results:

Mean DPM per animal and S.I.
0 % (w/v): DPM = 460, S.I. = 1.00
5 % (w/v): DPM = 621.1, S.I. = 1.35
10 % (w/v): DPM = 1004.3, S.I. = 2.18
25 % (w/v): DPM = 3720.5. S.I. = 8.08

Parameter:

SI

Value:

1

Test group / Remarks:

0%

Parameter:

SI

Value:

1.14

Test group / Remarks:

25%

Parameter:

SI

Value:

1.22

Test group / Remarks:

50%

Parameter:

SI

Value:

1.47

Test group / Remarks:

100%

The EC3 value could not be calculated, since all SIs are below 3.

Table 1: DPM (radioactive desintegrations per minute): mean and standard deviation (SD) per group

Conc. of 2HEP	Mean DPM	SD
0%	395.4	153.7
25%	451.8	46.4
50%	483.0	176.3
100%	579.4	318.0

Viability / Mortality

No deaths occurred during the study period.

 

Clinical Signs

No symptoms of local toxicity at the ears of the animals and no systemic findings were observed during the study period.

 

Body Weights

The body weight of the animals, recorded prior to the first application and prior to treatment with ³HTdR, was within the range commonly recorded for animals of this strain and age.

 

Lymph Node Weights and Cell Counts

The measured lymph node weights and –cell counts of all animals treated were recorded after sacrifice. A statistically significant or biologically relevant increase in lymph node weight or - cell count was not observed in any of the test item treated groups in comparison to the vehicle control group.

 

Ear Weights

The measured ear weights of all animals treated were recorded after sacrifice. A statistically significant or biologically relevant increase in ear weights was not observed in any treated group in comparison to the vehicle control group.

Interpretation of results:

GHS criteria not met

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no adverse effect observed (not sensitising)

Respiratory sensitisation

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no study available

Justification for classification or non-classification

Based on the results of the skin sensitisation study, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-pyrrolidon does not need to be classified according to the EU Classification, Labelling and Packaging of Substances and Mixtures (CLP) Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008.