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EC number: 292-607-4 | CAS number: 90640-86-1 Distillate from the fractional distillation of coal tar of bituminous coal, with boiling range of 240°C to 400°C (464°F to 752°F). Composed primarily of tri- and polynuclear hydrocarbons and heterocyclic compounds.
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to soil microorganisms
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to soil microorganisms
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 007
- Report date:
- 2007
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 217 (Soil Microorganisms: Carbon Transformation Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.22 (Soil Microorganisms: Carbon Transformation Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Creosote
- EC Number:
- 232-287-5
- EC Name:
- Creosote
- Cas Number:
- 8001-58-9
- IUPAC Name:
- 8001-58-9
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Creosote Grade B
- Physical state: brown liquid
- Analytical purity: 100% creosote (Creosote Grade B according to EU standard EN 13991, August 2003)
- Impurities (identity and concentrations): not applicable
- Composition of test material, percentage of components: complex mixture of numerous aromatic hydrocarbons, phenolics,
nitrogen-containing heterocycles and others
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: 2047-03-09
- Storage condition of test material: at room temperature, protected from moisture and light
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
--
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Details on sampling:
- --
Test substrate
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on preparation and application of test substrate:
- APPLICATION OF TEST SUBSTANCE TO SOIL
- Method: The test substance was weighed out on quartz sand and mixed homogeneously. The amount of quartz sand corresponds to 1 % of the bulk sample (= 10 g quartz sand / kg soil dry weight). Afterwards the mix of the test substance and quartz sand, the soil and demineralized water (to achieve a nominal moisture content of 50 % of the maximum water holding capacity) were mixed thoroughly with a long-handled blender for at least three minutes. Care was taken to insure a homogeneous distribution of the test item in the soil. Afterwards the soil was distributed to the replicates.
Test organisms
- Test organisms (inoculum):
- soil
Study design
- Total exposure duration:
- 28 d
Test conditions
- Test temperature:
- 19 - 21°C
- Moisture:
- 49.5% of the maximum water holding capacity
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Testing facility: Dr. U. Noack Labotatorien, Käthe-Paulus- Straße 1, 31157 Sarstedt, Germany
- Test container (type, material, size): Plastic boxes (volume 0.5 L, food grade) with perforated tops to enable gas exchange
- Amount of soil:
- No. of replicates per concentration: 3
- No. of replicates per control: 3
SOIL INCUBATION
- Method: bulk
SOURCE AND PROPERTIES OF SUBSTRATE (if soil)
- Soil was provided by Landwirtschaftliche Untersuchungs- und Forschungsanstalt (LUFA) Speyer, Germany. Soil was standard soil type 2.3.
- Geographical reference of sampling site: Offenbach, Im Bildergarten Nr. 586, Germany
- History of site: 2007: uncultivated; 2006: uncultivated; 2005: pumpkin; 2004: pumpkin; 2003: pumpkin;
- Vegetation cover: no data
- Treatments with pesticides or fertilizers: no organic fertilization; 2005: 300 kg/ha Nitrophoska Spezial (12 % N, 12 % P2O5, 17 % K2O); 2004: 400 kg/ha Nitrophoska Spezial (12 % N, 12 % P2O5, 17 % K2O); 2003: 400 kg/ha Nitrophoska (15 % N, 5 % P2O5, 20 % K2O)
- Accidental contamination: no
- other: no crop protection products applied during sampling year and 4 former years.
- Depth of sampling: ca. 20 cm
- Soil texture: loamy sand (lS)
- % sand: 57.4
- % silt: 31.5
- % clay: 8.9
- Soil taxonomic classification: no data
- Soil classification system: lS acc. to German DIN cclassification
- pH (in water): ca. 6.7
- Maximum water holding capacity (in % dry weigth): 34.9 g/100 g dw
- Cation exchange capacity: 9 mVal/100 g
- Pretreatment of soil: the soil was manually cleared of large objects and sieved to a particle size of 2 mm (carried out by LUFA Speyer). The maximum water holding capacity and the pH-value were determined by LUFA Speyer. The soil moisture content was determined and the soil was adjusted to 45% of its maximal water holding capacity.
- Storage (condition, duration): in the dark at 4 ± 2°C in a climatic room for 61 days.
- Initial microbial biomass as % of total organic C: 4.0
DETAILS OF PREINCUBATION OF SOIL (if any): The soil was preincubated at room temperature (ca. 20°C) for 7 days before the experimental start to guarantee a temperature adaption of the micro-organisms.
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable): respiratory rates were measured at day 0, 7, 14, and 28. pH and water content were determined on days 0 and 28. All replicates were checked at least once per week for losses by evaporation (recommended maximum 5 %; actual 0.2 to 0.8 %). Replicates were weighed for this procedure.
RANGE-FINDING STUDY
- Test concentrations: 1, 10, 100, and 1000 mg/kg dw
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: respiratory rate was inhibited after 28 days by 2% at 100 mg/kg dw but it was stimulated by 35% at 1000 mg/kg dw. - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentrations: 0, 10, 31.6, 100, 316, and 1000 mg/kg dw
- Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Dinoterb (2-tert-butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol, 98%)
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 28 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- respiration rate
- Duration:
- 28 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 1 000 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- respiration rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: highest concentration tested
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- Inhibition of respiration rate
day 0 7 14 28
% inhibition 17 19 42 58 - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- One Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and DUNNETT’s test were carried out for the determination of statistically significant differences compared to control replicates. When running a One Way Analysis of Variance, a Normality test and an Equal Variance test were done first. P-values for both Normality and Equal Variance test are 0.05. The alpha-value for ANOVA and DUNNETT’s test (acceptable probability of incorrectly concluding that there is a difference) is alpha = 0.05.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Changes [%] of the Respiration Rate in Comparison to the Untreated Control
Nominal Test Concentration |
Respiration Rate [%] |
|||
0 d |
7 d |
14 d |
28 d |
|
10 |
-1 |
7 |
13 |
4 |
31.6 |
8 |
-9 |
3 |
1 |
100 |
16 |
-28 |
-15 |
-9 |
316 |
29 |
-77 |
-22 |
-11 |
1000 |
24 |
-179 |
-107 |
-87 |
negative values = stimulation, positive values = inhibition
In this study, Creosote Grade B caused only transient inhibitory effects ≤29% inhibition on the day of application. Seven days post-application, a strong stimulation was found at test concentrations of ≥100 mg/kg, two weeks post-application at test concentrations of ≥316 mg/kg and four weeks after application at the test concentration of 1000 mg/kg. Therefore, under normal conditions, Creosote Grade B is not expected to lead to any long-term detrimental inhibitions of carbon transformation in soil when applied at a maximum of 1000 mg/kg DW.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- In this study, Creosote Grade B caused only transient inhibitory effects ≤ 29% inhibition on the day of application. Seven days post-application a strong stimulation was found at test concentrations of ≥ 100 mg/kg, two weeks post-application at test concentrations of ≥ 316 mg/kg and four weeks after application at the test concentration of 1000 mg/kg. Therefore, under normal conditions, Creosote Grade B is not expected to lead to any long-term detrimental inhibitions of carbon transformation in soil when applied at a maximum of 1000 mg/kg dw.
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