1-amino-4-hydroxy-2-phenoxyanthraquinone

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

From July 21st to November 1st, 1997

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study without detailed documentation

Remarks:

Test organism details unavailable.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

no

Analytical monitoring:

no

Vehicle:

no

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Test type:

not specified

Water media type:

not specified

Limit test:

yes

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Hardness:

267 mg/l CaCO3

Test temperature:

22 °C

pH:

8.1

Dissolved oxygen:

98 %

Nominal and measured concentrations:

45 mg/l and 100 mg/l

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- No. of organisms per concentration: 20

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Stock solution concentration: 0.1 g/l
- Stock solution features: slightly buoyant and with slight sedimentation
- Test concentrations: 45 mg/l and 100 mg/l

Reference substance (positive control):

not specified

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC0

Effect conc.:

ca. 45 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC100

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 80.3 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Table 1: Immobilization of Daphnia after 24 h and 48 h

Nominal conc. (mg/l)	No. of Daphnia	After 24 h		After 48 h
		No. of immobilized Daphnia	% immobility	No. of immobilized Daphnia	% immobility
Blank 45 100	20 20 20	0 0 0	0 0 0	0 0 1	0 0 5

Observations

Weak sedimentation was observed at 45 mg/l and 100 mg/l.

Conclusions:

EC50 (48 h) > 100 mg/l, equivalent to EC50 > 80.3 mg/l of active ingredient. Immobilisation was seen in 1/20 daphnia, thus representing a 5 % effect level, namely EC5 = 80.3 mg/l. Accordingly, the substance is considered as non toxic to aquatic invertebrates.

Executive summary:

Acute toxicity of the test substance to Daphnia magna was determined according to OECD guideline 202 "Daphnia sp., Acute Immobilization Test."

The following nominal concentrations were tested: 100 and 45 mg/l. 20 animals were tested per concentration.

Based on Daphnia immobilization, the EC50 of the test substance at 24 h and 48 h both resulted to be greater than 100 mg/l, equivalent to 80.3 mg/l of active ingredient. Immobilisation of 1/20 daphnia, namely 5 %, was seen at this concentration (EC5 = 80.3 mg/l).

Therefore, the test substance is nontoxic to aquatic invertebrates.

Description of key information

EC50 (48 h) > 100 mg/l equivalent to 80.3 mg/l of active ingredient. 
EC5 (48 h) =  100 mg/l equivalent to 80.3 mg/l of active ingredient

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates

Effect concentration:

100 mg/L

Additional information

Two tests are available where acute toxicity of the test substance to Daphnia magna was determined according to OECD guideline 202 "Daphnia sp., Acute Immobilization Test." The tests gave EC50 (48 h) > 80.3 mg/l and EC50 (48 h) > 200 mg/l, in terms of active ingredient. In particular, 80.3 mg/l corresponds to EC5. These results are coherent and in agreement, thus, useful for ecotoxicity assessment.

Water solubility of the substance is << 0.02 g/l as determined by the flask method in OECD guideline 105. This implies that, at concentrations tested, an amount of test substance is undissolved (1) (2). However, available data in one test indicates that no immobilization is seen at concentration of 45 mg/l and 5 % immobilization (1/20 organisms) at 100 mg/l, but no data is available whether such immobilization is caused by inherent toxicity or physical effects of undissolved substance. In the other test, no immobilization is recorded at 200 mg/l.

Therefore, on these bases, it can be concluded that the substance is non-toxic to Daphnia magna at the concentrations tested in excess of water solubility.

(1) ANALYSIS REPORT N. RC / 025-2 / 15, ARS TINCTORIA, 2015

(2) ETAD Project E 3020 Ecological Assessment of Important Dyestuffs, DyStar Colours Distribution GmbH, 1990