2-nitro-p-phenylenediamine

Endpoint summary

Additional information

Short-term toxicity to fish:

Weight of evidence studies summarised from two predicted model as followed:

1)QSAR Toolbox version 3.3(Sustainability Support Services (Europe) AB):

By QSAR Toolbox version 3.3 predicted model the short term toxicity (LC50) in Brachydanio rerio (new name: Danio rerio) fish was estimated to be 121.41493988 mg/l for 96 hrs in static condition for test substance 2-nitro-p-phenylenediamine with mortality effects.

2) ECOSAR Version 1.10 by Environmental Protection Agency (EPA):

Based on the QSAR prediction done using the EPI Suite ECOSAR version 1.10, the 96 hours LC50 was estimated to be2515.306 mg/L on fish for substance 2-nitro-p-phenylenediamine with mortality effects.

Thus based on this available values it can be concluded that the substance 2-nitro-p-phenylenediamine shall not be classified as hazardous for fish as per the criteria of CLP regulation.

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates:

Various studies for the target chemical 2-nitro-p-phenylenediamine along with its predicted data and read across substance were reviewed to summarize the following information:

48 hrs aquatic toxicity study (EPI suite, 2016) was conducted to assess toxic effects of the test compound 2-nitro-p-phenylenediamine (CAS no 5307-14-2) and the results were predicted. The study was based on the effects of the test compound on Daphnia magna in a static fresh water system. The predicted data suggests the effective concentration (EC50) for the test compound 2-nitro-p-phenylenediamine was estimated to be 1249.412 mg/L on the basis of mobility.

 

48 hrs aquatic toxicity study (SSS QSAR prediction model, 2016) was conducted to assess toxic effects of the test compound 2-nitro-p-phenylenediamine (CAS no 5307-14-2) and the results were predicted. The study was based on the effects of the test compound on the Daphnia magna in a static fresh water system. The predicted data suggests the effective concentration (EC50) for the test compound 2-nitro-p-phenylenediamine was estimated to be 119.0330 mg/L on the basis of intoxication.

 

Short term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates test (Enaut Urrestarazu Ramos, et. al; 1998) was studied in L. stagnalis for 96 hrs at 21-24 °C in semi static conditions. 5 snails were exposed, in duplicate, to 1 L test solution in 1.5 L jars. Fresh solution was prepared daily. Chemical analysis in snail experiment was done using solid phase microextraction (SPME) and GC. Determination of lethal body burdens was also done. Based on the experiment, the LC50 value for 3-Nitroaniline was estimated to be 143 mg/l.

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Various studies for the target chemical 2-nitro-p-phenylenediamine and predicted data were reviewed to summarize the following information:

The effect of test item 2-nitro-p-phenylenediamine, CAS No. 5307-14-2 was studied [UERL Study Report, Sustainability Support Services (Europe) AB (Report no. 5307-14-2/01/2016/AT), 2016]on the growth of fresh water green algaChlorella vulgaris.The study was conducted following OECD guideline 201- Alga, growth inhibition test. The test concentration chosen for the study were 3.125mg/l, 6.25mg/l, 12.5mg/l, 25mg/l, 50mg/l, and 100mg/l. The test concentrations were prepared using stock solution of the test item using mineral media. The green alga was exposed to the test concentration for a period of 72 hours to observe average specific growth rate and % growth inhibition under the effect of the test item. EC50 calculated graphically through probit analysis was observed to be 6.734mg/l.

Thus, based on the EC50 value, test substance can be classified as aquatic chronic category 2 as per the criteria of CLP regulation.Though the chemical2-nitro-p-phenylenediamineis not readily biodegradable but it has a BCF < 500 and hence the chemical is likely to be "not classified" for aquatic classification as per the CLP criteria.

72 hrs aquatic toxicity study (SSS QSAR prediction model, 2016) was conducted to assess toxic effects of the test compound 2-nitro-p-phenylenediamine(CAS no 5307-14-2) and the results were predicted. The study was based on the effects of the test compound on the Desmodesmus subspicatus in a static fresh water system. The predicted data suggests the effective concentration (EC50) for the test compound2-nitro-p-phenylenediaminewas estimated to be 221.109 mg/L on the basis of growth rate.

 

96 hrs aquatic toxicity study (EPI suite, 2016) was conducted to assess toxic effects of the test compound2-nitro-p-phenylenediamine(CAS no 5307-14-2) and the results were predicted. The study was based on the effects of the test compound on green algae in a static fresh water system. The predicted data suggests the effective concentration (EC50) for the test compound2-nitro-p-phenylenediamine(CAS no 5307-14-2) was estimated to be 535.358 mg/L on the basis of growth rate.

Toxicity to microorganisms:

The toxicity of test substance 2-nitro-p-phenylenediamine was tested by the well diffusion assay technique against common bacterial species. Aeromonas hydrophila,Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Pseudomonas fluorescens,Salmonella enteritidis,Shigella sonnei and Streptococcus mitis at dose concentration 300 µg/well.

The test material was dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide. Control diameter is 8 mm.

The growth of the bacterial species was not inhibited by test material at 300 µg/well