1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

Short-term toxicity to fish:

The study outlines the effect of test chemical on the fresh water fish danio rerio, which is conducted by following the OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test).Test solution is prepared by dissolving the test chemical in potable water. Test performed with one negative control (replicates=2) and along various test concentrations (replicates=2)  i.e., 0.625mg/L,1.25mg/L,2.5mg/L,5mg/L, and 10mg/L. Study was led under static conditions for the period of 96 h. The experiment was daily observed at an interval of 24 hr (24, 48, 72, and 96h), for any mortality and physical abnormalities in the exposed groups.

 

After the exposure tenure of 96 h, based on the mortality of fish, median lethal concentration and LC0 concentrations were evaluated. The lethal concentration zero (LC0) and median lethal concentration (LC50) of test chemical was determined to be 10 mg/L and >10 mg/L, respectively. Based on the LC50, it can be consider that the chemical is hazardous to fresh water fish and can be consider to be classified aquatic chronic 3 as per CLP classification criteria.

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates:

Acute Immobilization Test of daphnia magna (performed according to OECD Guideline 203) was conducted to assess the toxic effect of test chemical. The test was performed in a static exposure conditions for the period of 48 hours. Test solution was prepared by dissolving the test chemical in the ADaMs medium, and Daphnia magna was treated with different concentrations (6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 mg/L), along with the control (daphnia exposed without test chemical). Based on the immobilization effect of test chemical to daphnia magna (n=10, per replicate). The median lethal concentration was evaluated. Results conclude that the test chemical has caused the 100% immobilisation of daphnia at all the concentration > 6.25 mg/L. The obtained data from the report determines that EC50 concentration is 6.25 mg/L. From the obtained value the test chemical can be considered to toxic in nature and can be classified into aquatic chronic 2 category.

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria:

The effect of test chemical was studied on the growth of fresh water green alga Chlorella vulgaris. The study was conducted following OECD guideline 201- Alga, growth inhibition test. The test concentration chosen for the study were 0.5mg/L,1mg/L,2mg/L,4mg/L,8mg/L,16mg/L. The test concentrations were prepared using stock solution of the test item using mineral media. The green alga was exposed to the test concentration for a period of 72 hours to observe average specific growth rate and % growth inhibition under the effect of the test item. EC50 calculated graphically through probit analysis was observed to be 9.249 mg/L.This value indicates that the test chemical is toxic to aquatic algae and hence can be classified as Aquatic chronic toxic category 2 as per the CLP regulation.

Toxicity to microorganisms:

Photobacterium phosphoreum was test organism used to determined the toxicity of test material done by Microtox test method . The time period was 5 to 30 minute at 15 degree C and pH range from 5 to 9. After exposure, the 50% Effective concentration value for 1 test chemical to Photobacterium phosphoreum was determined to be 3.02 mg/l based on viability and sensitivity of bacteria.

Additional information

Short-term toxicity to fish:

In the following information from experimental studies report and different peer reviewed journal on short term toxicity testing to fish for target chemical is summarized:

The study outlines the effect of test chemical on the fresh water fish danio rerio, which is conducted by following the OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test).Test solution is prepared by dissolving the test chemical in potable water. Test performed with one negative control (replicates=2) and along various test concentrations (replicates=2)  i.e., 0.625mg/L,1.25mg/L,2.5mg/L,5mg/L, and 10mg/L. Study was led under static conditions for the period of 96 h. The experiment was daily observed at an interval of 24 hr (24, 48, 72, and 96h), for any mortality and physical abnormalities in the exposed groups.

 

After the exposure tenure of 96 h, based on the mortality of fish, median lethal concentration and LC0 concentrations were evaluated. The lethal concentration zero (LC0) and median lethal concentration (LC50) of test chemical was determined to be 10 mg/L and >10 mg/L, respectively. Based on the LC50, it can be consider that the chemical is hazardous to fresh water fish and can be consider to be classified aquatic chronic 3 as per CLP classification criteria.

Short term toxicity test was performed on freshwater fish for 24 hrs under static condition. Lethal concentration to 100% of test organismswas observed, therefore theLC100 of test chemical to Pimephales promelas was determined to be 50mg/l.

Short term toxicity test was performed on freshwater fish for 96 hrs under static condition. Lethal concentration to 100% of test organismswas observed, therefore the LC50 of test chemical to Pimephales promelas was determined to be in the range of 1 -10 mg/l.

Based on the effect concentration derived from experimental report, we can conlude that test chemical has toxic effect on fish and can be considered to be classified as aquatic chronic 3 as per CLP.

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates:

In the following information from experimental studies report and different peer reviewed journal on short term toxicity testing to aquatic invertabrates for target chemical is summarized:

Acute Immobilization Test of daphnia magna (performed according to OECD Guideline 203) was conducted to assess the toxic effect of test chemical. The test was performed in a static exposure conditions for the period of 48 hours. Test solution was prepared by dissolving the test chemical in the ADaMs medium, and Daphnia magna was treated with different concentrations (6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 mg/L), along with the control (daphnia exposed without test chemical). Based on the immobilization effect of test chemical to daphnia magna (n=10, per replicate). The median lethal concentration was evaluated. Results conclude that the test chemical has caused the 100% immobilisation of daphnia at all the concentration > 6.25 mg/L. The obtained data from the report determines that EC50 concentration is 6.25 mg/L. From the obtained value the test chemical can be considered to toxic in nature and can be classified into aquatic chronic 2 category.

Short term toxicity test was performed on Daphnia magna for test chemical for 24 hrs under static conditions. No effect on mortality of fish was observed, Therefore, the LC0 value of test chemical to Daphnia magna was determined to be 1 mg/l.

Short term toxicity test was performed on Daphnia magna for 24 hrs under static condition .Lethal concentration to 100% of test organismswas observed, therefore theLC100 of test chemical to Daphnia magna was determined to be 100mg/l.

Aim of this study was to assess the short term toxicity of test chemical to aquatic invertebrates daphnia magna. Study was performed according to the OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test) in a static system for the total exposure period of 48 hrs.

The stock solution 20.0 mg/L was prepared by dissolving white powder in reconstituted water. The solution was kept in ultrasonic bath for 20 min. The test solutions of required concentrations were prepared by mixing the stock solution of the test sample in reconstituted water.0.05,0.10,0.20,0.40,0.80 mg/L concentrations were used in the study. Effects on immobilisation were observed for 48 hours. With the test substance one positive control Potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) was also run simultaneously. After the exposure of chemical, effect concentration EC50 was calculated using nonlinear regression by the software Prism 4.0.

The median effective concentration (EC50) for the test substance , in Daphnia magna was determined to be 0.09 mg/L (95 % CI :0.08-0.11) on the basis of mobility inhibition effects in a 48 hour study. Based on the EC50 value, substance is likely to be hazardous to aquatic invertebrate and can be classified as aquatic acute 1 category as per the CLP classification criteria.

Even thuogh varied results for short term toxicity of aquatic invertebrate were available but, based on the maximum notifiers in ECHA and the effect concentration from first experimental study report,we can consider that the test chemical is toxic and can be classified as aquatic chronic 2.

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria:

In the following information from experimental studies report and different peer reviewed journal on toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria for target chemical is summarized:

The effect of test chemical was studied on the growth of fresh water green alga Chlorella vulgaris. The study was conducted following OECD guideline 201- Alga, growth inhibition test. The test concentration chosen for the study were 0.5mg/L,1mg/L,2mg/L,4mg/L,8mg/L,16mg/L. The test concentrations were prepared using stock solution of the test item using mineral media. The green alga was exposed to the test concentration for a period of 72 hours to observe average specific growth rate and % growth inhibition under the effect of the test item. EC50 calculated graphically through probit analysis was observed to be 9.249 mg/L.This value indicates that the test chemical is toxic to aquatic algae and hence can be classified as Aquatic chronic toxic category 2 as per the CLP regulation.

Toxicity to algae test was performed on Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata for test chemical for 7 days. Basic ASM was used as a test medium with test conditions as 20 degree C and at pH 7.Based on population changes effect, the No-observable-effect-concentration (i.e.NOEC) value of test chemical to Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata was determined to be 1 mg/l.

Toxicity to algae test was performed on Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata for test chemical for 7 days. Basic ASM was used as a test medium with test conditions as 20 degree C and at pH 7.Based on population changes effect, the Lowest-observable-effect-concentration (i.e.LOEC) value of test chemical to Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata was determined to be 10 mg/l.

The main objective of this study was to understand the effect of test chemical on the growth of fresh water algae, Desmodesmus subspicatus. The test was performed, in accordance with the OECD 201 guideline. A range of concentration was selected (2.5, 5, 10, 20, and 40 mg/L ) in a geometric sequence of 2, In parallel to the test chemical, control was also run simultaneously in triplicates.The study was conducted in the static exposure conditions, for the period of 3 days (72h). After the exposure period the growth rate was calculated, to evaluate the inhibition caused by the test chemical. Based on the obtained results, the EC50 was calculated to be 20.5 mg/L. As per the new CLP classification criteria the test chemical can be classified into aquatic chronic 3 category.

Even though varied results for toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria were available but, based on the maximum notifiers in ECHA and the effect concentration from first experimental study report and data from peer reviewed journal,we can consider that the test chemical is toxic and can be classified as aquatic chronic 2.

Toxicity to microorganisms:

Photobacterium phosphoreum was test organism used to determined the toxicity of test material done by Microtox test method . The time period was 5 to 30 minute at 15 degree C and pH range from 5 to 9. After exposure, the 50% Effective concentration value for 1 test chemical to Photobacterium phosphoreum was determined to be 3.02 mg/l based on viability and sensitivity of bacteria.