Benzenemethanamine, .alpha.,4-dimethyl-, (.alpha.R)-

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Administrative data

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: GLP-guideline study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1996

Report date:

1996

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: EEC Directive 79/831/EEC, Annex V, Part C

GLP compliance:

yes

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

DL-α-methylbenzylamine

EC Number:

210-545-8

EC Name:

DL-α-methylbenzylamine

Cas Number:

618-36-0

Molecular formula:

C8H11N

IUPAC Name:

1-phenylethanamine

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): 1-Phenylmethylamin (Racemat)
- Physical state: Liquid
- Analytical purity: 99% (analytical report ZAX 96L00080)
- Storage condition of test material: ambient at room temperature
- Homogeneity: Homogenous
- Stability under test conditions: not stable against acids. Test substance is hygroscopic.
- Solubility in water: mixable up to 10 g/L
- Impurities (identity and concentrations): 0.31 % water; 0.4% (1-phenylethyl)-(1-phenylethyldien)-amine (analytical report ZAX 96L00080)
- Lot/batch No.: 72-05-09
- Product No.: 007144
- Date of production: July 1995

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

- Concentrations: 0 (control), 1.56, 12.5, and 100 mg/L
- Sampling method: At the start of the test (after 0 hours) sampIes from vessels which were not stocked with daphnids were analysed and at the end
of the test (after 48 h) sampIes from stocked and unstocked vessels were analysed.
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: refrigerator

Test solutions

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method: Stock solution, nominal concentration: 100 mg/L; Test solutions were prepared by dilution of this stock solution with test medium.

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna STRAUS
- Source: The clone of Daphnia magna STRAUS used was supplied by the Institut National de Recherche Chimique Appliquée, France, in 1978.
From this date on this clone was cultured and bred continuously in the Laboratory of Ecotoxicology of the Experimental Toxicology and Ecology of BASF SE in Ludwigshafen.
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 2 - 24 hours
- Age of stock animals: 2 - 4 weeks
- Feeding during test : none

Study design

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Test conditions

Hardness:

2.45 mmol/L

Test temperature:

19.0 - 20.7 °C

pH:

7.0 - 9.9

Dissolved oxygen:

7.9 - 9.0 mg/L

Nominal and measured concentrations:

nominal: control, 1.56, 3.13, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100 mg/L
Neutralised samples of nominal 50 and 100 mg/L (adjusted to pH 7.1-7.4) were tested in parallel

measured: 0 h: 83.3 to 95.3%; 48 h: 96.0 to 101.9%

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Glass test tubes with flat bottom (nominal volume 20 mL)
- Test volume: 10 mL
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
- Biomass loading rate: 0.5 animals/mL

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: M4 medium according to guideline
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
- pH: 8.0
- Total hardness: 2.49 mmol/L
- Alkalinity: 0.86 mmol/L (up to pH 4.3)
- Conductivity: 628 µS

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: Artificial light, 16 hours light : 8 hours darkness
- Light intensity: About 5-6 µE/(m2.s) in the range of 400 -700 nm

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- Swimming ability of the test animals (Visually, after 0, 3, 6, 24 and 48 h)
- Measurements: Temperature after 0, 24 and 48 h in an extra vessel close to the test vessels, pH and oxygen content after 0 and 48 h in one parallel at each concentration

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 2
- Justification for using less concentrations than requested by guideline: not applicable
- Range finding study
- Test concentrations: no data
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: no data

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

23.3 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL: 18.9-28.9 mg/L; not-neutralised test solutions

Effect concentrations 2

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC0

Effect conc.:

6.25 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other: not-neutralised test solutions

Effect concentrations 3

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC100

Effect conc.:

100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other: not-neutralised test solutions

Details on results:

- Mortality of control: 0%
- Abnormal responses: no
- Other: The two highest test solutions (50 and 100 mg/L) were tested in parallel after adjustment of pH. The toxicity was significantly reduced compared to the not-neutralised test solutions, e.g. 45% of the daphnids were immobilised after 48 h in the neutralised test solution fo 50 mg/L compared to only 90% in the not-neutralised solution of 50 mg/L (100 mg/L: neutralised: 80% immobilised after 48 h; not-neutralised: 100% after 3 h).

Reported statistics and error estimates:

For the statistical evaluation of the EC50 the moving average method was used.

Any other information on results incl. tables

Mobility

Test item conc.	Mobile daphnids after
(mg/L, nominal)	3 h	6 h	24 h	48 h
0	20	20	20	20
1.56	20	20	20	20
3.13	20	20	20	20
6.25	20	20	20	20
12.5	20	20	20	17
25	20	18	17	9
50	14	14	13	2
100	0	0	0	0
50*	19	19	16	11
100*	19	18	17	4

* = neutralised

Summary of the chemical analysis of the concentrations of the test substance

Nominal conc. (mg/L)	Measured conc. (mg/L)			Recovery (%)
	0 h	48 h		0 h	48 h
	A	A	B		A	B
0 (control)	< 1	< 1	< 1
1.56	1.3	1.5	1.5	83.3	96.2	96.2
12.5	11.8	12.0	12.3	94.4	96.0	98.4
100	95.3	101.8	101.9	95.3	101.8	101.9

 A = samples taken from vessels without Daphnids

B = samples taken from vessels with Daphnids

pH and oxygen values (measured in parallel 1)

Test item conc.	pH		Dissolved oxygen (mg/L)
(mg/L, nominal)	0 h	48 h	0 h	48 h
0	8.1	8.1	8.3	8.4
1.56	8.1	8.1	8.2	8.5
3.13	8.2	8.1	8.2	8.3
6.25	8.3	8.1	8.2	8.4
12.5	8.5	8.1	8.2	8.3
25	8.8	8.2	8.0	8.3
50	9.2	8.3	8.2	8.2
100	9.6	8.6	8.2	8.1
50*	7.4	8.0	8.1	8.1
100*	7.1	7.9	8.1	8.1