2-chloroethanol

Skin irritation / corrosion

Administrative data

Endpoint:

skin irritation: in vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: see 'Remark'

Remarks:

The study is comparable to OECD Guideline 404 with acceptable restrictions (unusual application; only 0.2 ml applied [but lethal effects expected after recommended amount]; exposure period 2 h; no reading 1 h after exposure period; no data on edema; in the result section data given only 24 and 72 h after application).

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Tissue reactions to 2-chloroethanol in rabbits

Author:

Guess WL

Year:

1970

Bibliographic source:

Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 16: 382-390

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 404 (Acute Dermal Irritation / Corrosion)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

no

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

2-chloroethanol

EC Number:

203-459-7

EC Name:

2-chloroethanol

Cas Number:

107-07-3

Molecular formula:

C2H5ClO

IUPAC Name:

2-chloroethan-1-ol

Details on test material:

Source: J.T. Baker Company
Purity verified by infrared analysis and index of refraction
No further data

Test animals

Species:

rabbit

Strain:

New Zealand White

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

Purina lab chow and water ad libitum
no further data

Test system

Type of coverage:

occlusive

Preparation of test site:

shaved

Vehicle:

physiological saline

Controls:

yes, concurrent vehicle

Amount / concentration applied:

1, 10, 20, 100%; 0.2 ml applied

Duration of treatment / exposure:

2 h

Observation period:

72 h

Number of animals:

6 per concentration

Details on study design:

Glas wells (inner diameter 1 cm) sealed to the skin; test solution added and closed by a coverslip.
Scoring according to Draize (1944) 24, 48, and 72 h after application.

Results and discussion

In vivo

Results

Irritation parameter:

erythema score

Basis:

mean

Time point:

other: 24 h

Score:

0.6

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 48 h

Irritant / corrosive response data:

Only the pure material caused a slight transient erythema to the intact skin; no effects with dilutions or control. No data were presented after 48 h. Data on edema were not given, however, edema is not presumed.

Other effects:

No data were given on systemic effects although a dose of 240 mg/animal should induce such effects.

Any other information on results incl. tables

Irritant effects on rabbit skin after dermal application of 0.2 ml pure test substance

Scoring of erythema according to Draize (1944), means of 6 rabbits

Dilution	Post exposure time in intact skin		Post exposure time in abraded skin
	24 h	72 h	24 h	72 h
Undiluted	0.6	0	1.0	1.0
20%	0	0	0.6	0.3
10%	0	0	0	0.3
1%	0	0	0.3	0.3

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

In rabbits only slight, transient erythema was reported after dermal application of 0.2 ml pure test substance to the intact skin.

Executive summary:

The study is similar to OECD Guideline 404 with acceptable restrictions (unusual application; only 0.2 ml applied; exposure period 2 h; no reading 1 h after exposure period; no data on edema; in the result section data given only 24 and 72 h after application).

Six New Zealand White rabbits per group were exposed to 0.2 ml test solution for 2 h. Pure test substance as well as dilutions of 1, 10, 20% were tested. Readings according to Draize were done 24, 48, and 72 h after application. Slight erythema was reported after 24 h using the pure test substance. The effect was reversible. No effects were detected after application of dilutions. Data on (expected) systemic effects were not documented.

Conclusion: In rabbits only slight, transient erythema was reported after dermal application of 0.2 ml pure test substance to the intact skin.