1,5,10-trimethylcyclododeca-1,5,9-triene, epoxidised

Genetic toxicity: in vitro

Administrative data

Endpoint:

in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

From July 12 to August 29, 2006

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2008

Report date:

2008

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Test guideline 1

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)

Deviations:

no

Test guideline 2

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method B.13/14 (Mutagenicity - Reverse Mutation Test Using Bacteria)

Deviations:

no

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Not applicable

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Remarks:

UK GLP Compliance Programme (inspected on August 30, 2005/ signed on November 21, 2005)

Type of assay:

bacterial reverse mutation assay

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

1,5,10-trimethylcyclododeca-1,5,9-triene, epoxidised

EC Number:

945-746-6

Molecular formula:

Not Applicable

IUPAC Name:

1,5,10-trimethylcyclododeca-1,5,9-triene, epoxidised

Test material form:

liquid

Details on test material:

- Physical state: Pale yellow liquid
- Storage condition of test material: refrigerator in the dark between 0 and 10°C under nitrogen

Method

Target gene:

Histidine and tryptophan gene for Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli, respectively.

Species / strain

Species / strain / cell type:

S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100 and E. coli WP2

Details on mammalian cell type (if applicable):

Not applicable

Additional strain / cell type characteristics:

not applicable

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Metabolic activation system:

10 % S9 mix; S9 from liver of male Sprague- Dawley rats induced with phenobarbitone/β-naphthoflavone (oral)

Test concentrations with justification for top dose:

Preliminary toxicity study: 0.15, 0.5, 1.5, 5, 15, 50, 150, 500, 1500 and 5000 µg/plate in TA 100 and WP2 uvr A strains, with or without S9-mix using the direct plate incorporation method.
Range finding study: 5, 15, 50, 150, 500, 1500 and 5000 µg/plate in S. typhimurium (strains TA 98, TA 100, TA 1535 and TA 1537) and 50, 150, 500, 1500 and 5000 µg/plate in E. coli WP2 uvr A, with and without S9-mix using the direct plate incorporation method.
Main study: 5, 15, 50, 150, 500, 1500 and 5000 µg/plate in S. typhimurium (strains TA 98, TA 100, TA 1535 and TA 1537) and 50, 150, 500, 1500 and 5000 µg/plate in E. coli WP2 uvr A, with and without S9-mix using the direct plate incorporation method.

Vehicle / solvent:

- Vehicle(s)/solvent(s) used: Dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO)
- Justification for choice of solvent/vehicle: The test material was immiscible in sterile distilled water at 50 mg/mL but was fully miscible in DMSO at the same concentration in solubility checks performed in-house. DMSO was therefore selected as the vehicle.
The test material was accurately weighed and approximate half-log dilutions prepared in DMSO by mixing on a vortex mixer on the day of each experiment. Prior to use, the solvent was dried using molecular sieves (sodium alumino-silicate) ie 2 mm pellets with a nominal pore diameter of 4 x 10^-4 microns.

Controls

Controls 1

Untreated negative controls:

yes

Negative solvent / vehicle controls:

yes

Remarks:

DMSO

True negative controls:

no

Positive controls:

yes

Positive control substance:

4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide

9-aminoacridine

N-ethyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine

Remarks:

Without S9-mix

Controls 2

Untreated negative controls:

yes

Negative solvent / vehicle controls:

yes

Remarks:

DMSO

True negative controls:

no

Positive controls:

yes

Positive control substance:

benzo(a)pyrene

other: 2-Aminoanthracene

Remarks:

With S9-mix

Details on test system and experimental conditions:

SOURCE OF TEST SYSTEM: Salmonella typhimurium strains were obtained from the University of California at Berkeley and Escherichia coli strain WP2uvrA- was obtained from the British Industrial Biological Research Association.

METHOD OF APPLICATION: in agar (plate incorporation)

DURATION
- Exposure duration: Approximately 48 h at 37 °C

NUMBER OF REPLICATIONS:
- Preliminary toxicity study: One plate/dose
- Range finding study and mutation study: 3 plates/dose

DETERMINATION OF CYTOTOXICITY
- Method: Evaluation of the toxicity was performed on the basis of growth of the bacterial background lawn.

OTHERS:
- After approximately 48 h incubation at 37 °C the plates were assessed for numbers of revertant colonies using a Domino colony counter.

Evaluation criteria:

There are several criteria for determining a positive result, such as a dose-related increase in revertant frequency over the dose range tested and/or a reproducible increase at one or more concentrations in at least one bacterial strain with or without metabolic activation. Biological relevance of the results will be considered first, statistical methods, as recommended by the UKEMS can also be used as an aid to evaluation, however, statistical significance will not be the only determining factor for a positive response.
A test material will be considered non-mutagenic (negative) in the test system if the above criteria are not met.
Although most experiments will give clear positive or negative results, in some instances the data generated will prohibit a definitive judgement about the test material activity. Results of this type will be reported as equivocal.

Statistics:

No data

Results and discussion

Test results

Key result

Species / strain:

S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100 and E. coli WP2

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Genotoxicity:

negative

Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:

cytotoxicity

Vehicle controls validity:

valid

Untreated negative controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Additional information on results:

TEST-SPECIFIC CONFOUNDING FACTORS
- Effects of pH: Not applicable
- Effects of osmolality: Not applicable
- Evaporation from medium: Not expected
- Water solubility: Test material was immiscible in sterile distilled water at 50 mg/mL.
- Precipitation: No test material precipitate was observed on the plates at any of the doses tested in either the presence or absence of S9-mix.
- Other confounding effects: None

PRELIMINARY TOXICITY STUDY:
The test material was non-toxic to the bacterial background lawns of the strains of bacteria used (TA 100 and WP2uvrA-). However, a substantial decrease in the frequency of revertant colonies was observed in TA 100.

COMPARISON WITH HISTORICAL CONTROL DATA:
All tester strain cultures exhibit a characteristic number of spontaneous revertants per plate in the untreated controls.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON CYTOTOXICITY:
Mutation test: The test material caused a visible reduction in the growth of the bacterial background lawn to all of the Salmonella strains initially at 500 µg/plate with and without S9. No toxicity was observed in strain WP2uvrA-, with or without S9. These results were not indicative of toxicity sufficiently severe enough to prevent the test material being tested up to the maximum recommended dose level of 5000 µg/plate.

OTHERS:
- Prior to use, the master strains were checked for characteristics, viability and spontaneous reversion rate (all were found to be satisfactory).
- The test material formulation and S9-mix used in this experiment were both shown to be effectively sterile.

Any other information on results incl. tables

Table 7.6.1/2: Preliminary toxicity study

S9 mix	Strain	Dose (µg/plate)
		0	0.15	0.5	1.5	5	15	50	150	500	1500	5000
- S9	TA 100	88	95	87	82	67	88	84	75	56	42	10
+ S9	TA 100	109	71	101	101	109	74	79	103	88	77	12
- S9	WP2 uvr A	19	22	13	14	24	15	12	24	21	21	21
+ S9	WP2 uvr A	31	20	27	25	26	24	29	18	30	22	25

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

The test material is not mutagenic with and without metabolic activation in S. typhimurium (strains TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100) and E. coli WP2 uvr A.

Executive summary:

In a reverse gene mutation assay performed according to the OECD test guideline No. 471 and in compliance with GLP, strains of Salmonella typhimurium (TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100) and Escherichia coli WP2 uvr A were exposed to the test material diluted in DMSO both in the presence and absence of metabolic activation system (10% liver S9 in standard co-factors) using the plate incorporation method. The dose range for the range-finding test was determined in a preliminary toxicity assayand ranged between 5 and 5000μg/plate, depending on strain type. The experiment was repeated on a separate day using the same dose range as the range-finding test, fresh cultures of the bacterial strains and fresh test material formulations. Additional dose levels (5 and 15 μg/plate) were included to allow for test material induced toxicity, ensuring that at least four non-toxic doses were achieved. Negative, vehicle (DMSO) and positive control groups were also included in mutagenicity tests.

 

The vehicle control plates gave counts of revertant colonies within the normal range. All of the positive control chemicals used in the test induced marked increases in the frequency of revertant colonies, both with or without metabolic activation. Thus, the sensitivity of the assay and the efficacy of the S9-mix were validated.

 

The test material caused a visible reduction in the growth of the bacterial background lawn to all of the Salmonella strains initially at 500 µg/plate with and without S9. No toxicity was observed in strain WP2uvrA-, with or without S9. These results were not indicative of toxicity sufficiently severe enough to prevent the test material being tested up to the maximum recommended dose level of 5000 µg/plate. No test material precipitate was observed on the plates at any of the doses tested in either the presence or absence of S9-mix. No significant increases in the frequency of revertant colonies were recorded for any of the bacterial strains, with any dose of the test material, either with or without metabolic activation.

 

Under the test condition, the test material is not mutagenic with and without metabolic activation to S. typhimurium (TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100) and E. coli WP2 uvr A.

This study is considered as acceptable and satisfies the requirement for reverse gene mutation endpoint.