Tetrahydro-4-methylphthalic anhydride

Developmental toxicity / teratogenicity

Administrative data

Endpoint:

developmental toxicity

Type of information:

migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: This study was according to OECED guide lines and was performed under GLP.

Cross-reference

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to other study

Data source

Reference

Reference 1

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1997

Report date:

1997

Reference 2

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1997

Report date:

1997

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: OECD Guideline 422 (Combined Repeated Dose Toxicity Study with the Reproduction / Developmental Toxicity Screening Test)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Limit test:

no

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Tetrahydromethylphthalic anhydride

EC Number:

234-290-7

EC Name:

Tetrahydromethylphthalic anhydride

Cas Number:

11070-44-3

IUPAC Name:

3a-methyl-3a,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): tetrahydromethyl-1,3-isobenzofurandione
- Analytical purity: 99.7%
- Lot/batch No.: 2522
- Stability under test conditions: stable, Vehicle: Corn oil (nakaraitesk, lot No, V5P5523)
- Storage condition of test material: room temperature, dark place

Test animals

Species:

rat

Strain:

Crj: CD(SD)

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles river Japan
- Age at study initiation: purchase at 9 weeks old, 1st. administration at 10 weeks old
- Weight at study initiation: male: 356.3-394.4g, female: 213.5-252.9g
- Fasting period before study: 18hr
- Housing: dosing period: stainless hanger gage, one animal/gage, mating period: polycarbonate gage with wood chip
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum
- Acclimation period: one week


ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 22-26°C
- Humidity (%): 45-65%
- Air changes (per hr): 13 times/hr
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light):12/12 AM07:00-PM07:00

Administration / exposure

Route of administration:

oral: gavage

Vehicle:

other: corn oil

Details on exposure:

VEHICLE
- Justification for use and choice of vehicle (if other than water): Corn oil is used generally
- Concentration in vehicle: 0.6, 2 and 6w/v%
- Amount of vehicle (if gavage): 5mL/kg
- Lot/batch no. (if required): V5P5831, nakalai tesque Co.

Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:

not specified

Details on analytical verification of doses or concentrations:

no data

Details on mating procedure:

Male/female per cage: 1/1,
length of cohabitation: maximal 14 days, until proof of pregnancy (formation of vaginal closing or sperm detection in vagina)

Duration of treatment / exposure:

Males; for 49 days Females; from 14 days before mating to day 3 of lactation (38 days in total)

Frequency of treatment:

one administration/day

Duration of test:

Males; for 49 days Females; from 14 days before mating to day 3 of lactation

Doses / concentrations

Remarks:

Doses / Concentrations:
0 (Vehicle), 30, 100 and 300 mg/kg/day (in corn oil)
Basis:
nominal conc.

No. of animals per sex per dose:

Doses is 0, 30, 100 and 300 mg/kg. 12 animals per sex per dose.

Control animals:

yes, concurrent vehicle

Details on study design:

Dose selection rationale: oral, one of the identical exposure route for human
300 mg/kg: 1/3 volume from omens of death (1000 mg/kg)
100 and 30 mg/kg: common ratio 3 of 300 mg/kg

Examinations

Maternal examinations:

CAGE SIDE OBSERVATIONS: Yes
- Time schedule: one time per day
- Cage side observations: general symptom

DETAILED CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS: No
BODY WEIGHT: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: male:two times/week
female: two times/ week at pre-mating period, in pregnant period: day at 0, 4, 7,10, 14, 17and 21, in lactation period: the day 0 and 4.

FOOD CONSUMPTION AND COMPOUND INTAKE:
- Food consumption for each animal determined and mean daily diet consumption calculated as g food/kg body weight/day: Yes
male:two times/week
female: two times/ week at pre-mating period, in pregnant period: day at 1, 4, 7,10, 14, 17and 21, in lactation period: the day 1 and 4.

FOOD EFFICIENCY:
- Body weight gain in kg/food consumption in kg per unit time X 100 calculated as time-weighted averages from the consumption and body weight gain data: No

OPHTHALMOSCOPIC EXAMINATION: No

HAEMATOLOGY: Yes
- Time schedule for collection of blood: after dosing period
- Anaesthetic used for blood collection: Yes (identity): Pentobarbital-Na i.p.
- Animals fasted: Yes
- How many animals: All of male
- Parameters checked in table (see below in remarks field) were examined.: WBC, RBC, Hb, Ht, PLT

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY: Yes
- Time schedule for collection of blood:after dosing period (same time for HEMATOLOGY)
- Animals fasted: Yes
- How many animals:All of male
- Parameters checked in table (see below in remarks field) were examined.: TP, ALB, A/G, Bil, GOT, GPT, TGace, ALP, TG, PL, Giu, BUN, CRE, P, Ca, Na, K, Cl

URINALYSIS: No

NEUROBEHAVIOURAL EXAMINATION: No

SACRIFICE
- Male animals: All surviving animals, as soon as possible after the last litters in each generation were produced.
- Maternal animals: All surviving animals, after the last litter of each generation was weaned.

GROSS NECROPSY
- Gross necropsy consisted of external and internal examinations including the cervical, thoracic, and abdominal viscera.
organ weight: brain, heart, lung, thymus, liver, spleen, kidney, adrenal, testis, epididymis, ovary.
microscopic investigation: all animals in control, 300 mg/kg group; brain, pituitary gland, eyeball, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, thymus, heart, lung, liver, kidney, adrenal, spleen, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, pancreas, urinary bladder, bone marrow, ovary, uterus, vagina, mammary gland.
Unfertilized animals in any groups: testes, epididymis and ovary

Ovaries and uterine content:

Reproduction parameters females:
No. of pairs with successful copulation
Copulation index (No. of pairs with successful copulation/No. of pairs mated x 100)
Pairing days until copulation
No. of pregnant females
Fertility index = (No. of pregnant animals x 100/No. of pairs with successful copulation),
No. of corpora lutea
No. of implantation sites
No. of living pregnant females
No. of pregnant females with parturition gestation length
No. of pregnant females with live pups on day 0
Gestation index (No. of females with live pups x 100/No. of living pregnant females)
Delivery index (No. of pups born x 100/No. of implantation sites)

Fetal examinations:

Full macroscopic examinations on all of pups parameters assessed during study.

Statistics:

bartlett method,
standard variance: Dunnett, multiple comparison
non-standard variance: Steel, multiple comparison

Indices:

maternal parameters:
No. of pairs with successful copulation
Copulation index (No. of pairs with successful copulation/No. of pairs mated x 100)
Pairing days until copulation
No. of pregnant females
Fertility index = (No. of pregnant animals x 100/No. of pairs with successful copulation),
No. of corpora lutea
No. of implantation sites
No. of living pregnant females
No. of pregnant females with parturition gestation length
No. of pregnant females with live pups on day 0
Gestation index (No. of females with live pups x 100/No. of living pregnant females)
Delivery index (No. of pups born x 100/No. of implantation sites)

litter parameters:
No. of pups alive on day 0 of lactation
Live birth index (No. of live pups on day 0 x 100/No. of pups born)
Sex ratio (Total No. of male pups/Total No. of female pups)
No. of pups alive on day 4 of lactation, body wt. of live pups (on day 0 and 4)

Historical control data:

no data

Results and discussion

Results: maternal animals

Maternal developmental toxicity

Details on maternal toxic effects:

Maternal toxic effects:yes

Details on maternal toxic effects:
For details see IUCLID5 section 7.5.1 (repeated dose toxicity oral)

Effect levels (maternal animals)

1

Dose descriptor:

NOAEL

Effect level:

100 mg/kg bw/day (nominal)

Basis for effect level:

other: maternal toxicity

2

Dose descriptor:

NOAEL

Effect level:

> 300 mg/kg bw/day (nominal)

Basis for effect level:

other: developmental toxicity

Results (fetuses)

Details on embryotoxic / teratogenic effects:

Embryotoxic / teratogenic effects:no effects

Details on embryotoxic / teratogenic effects:
No external anomalies were apparent. Thus, the NOAEL is considered to be 300mg/kg/day for development of offspring.

Fetal abnormalities

Abnormalities:

not specified

Overall developmental toxicity

Developmental effects observed:

not specified

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

No external anomalies in offspring were apparent. Tus, the NOAEL is considered to be 300mg/kg/day for development of offspring.

Executive summary:

In a combined repeated dose toxicity/reproduction and developmental toxicity study tetrahydromethylphthalic anhydride (MTHPA, 99.7%) was administered to groups of Crj:CD(SD) rats (12/sex), via gavage in corn oil at dose levels of 0 (Vehicle), 30, 100 and 300 mg/kg bw/day.

As for reproductive performance, no effects related to the test article were observed on the estrous cycle, numbers of corpora lutea and implantations, copulation index or fertility indices. Examination at delivery and during the lactation period revealed, no effects related to the test article in terms of gestational days, litter size and live newborns, gestation index, stillborn index, birth index, sex ratio, body weights of offspring at birth and at day 4 after birth, or viability index on day 4. No external anomalies were apparent. The NOAEL is considered to be 300mg/kg/day for reproductive performance of parents and for development of offspring.

This study is acceptable and satisfies the guideline requirement for a combined repeated dose toxicity/reproduction and developmental toxicity study in rats (OECD 422).