1,3-dichloropropan-2-ol

Short-term toxicity to fish

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Identification: 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol
Appearance: Colourless liquid
Batch: ZMG-197685
Purity/Composition: 99.2%
Test item storage: At room temperature container flushed with nitrogen
Stable under storage conditions until: 29 December 2018 (expiry date)

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

During the final test, samples for possible analysis were taken from the test concentration of 100 mg/L and the control according to the schedule below. The method of analysis is described in the appended Analytical Report (Appendix 2).
Frequency at t=0h and t=96h
Volume 9.0 mL
Storage Samples were stored in a freezer (≤-15°C) until analysis at the analytical laboratory of the Test Facility.
Additionally, reserve samples of 9.0 mL were taken from all test solutions for possible analysis. If not already used, these samples were stored in a freezer (≤-15°C) for a maximum of three months after delivery of the draft report, pending on the decision of the sponsor for additional analysis.

Vehicle:

yes

Details on test solutions:

The batch of 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol tested was a colourless liquid with a purity of 99.2% which was completely soluble in test medium at the concentrations tested. No correction was made for the purity/composition of the test item.
Preparation of test solutions started with the highest concentration of 100 mg/L. The test medium was spiked with test item (73.5 µL per litre of medium) in a glove box under a nitrogen environment. In addition, 16 17 minutes of magnetic stirring was applied to accelerate dissolution of the test item in medium. Lower test concentrations were prepared by subsequent dilutions of the highest concentration in test medium. All test solutions were clear and colorless at the end of the preparation procedure.
Any residual volumes were discarded.

Test organisms (species):

Cyprinus carpio

Details on test organisms:

Species Carp (Cyprinus carpio, Teleostei, Cyprinidae) Linnaeus, 1758
Source Zodiac, proefacc, "De Haar Vissen", Wageningen University and Research Centre, The Netherlands.
Mean length Range-finding test: 3.5 ± 0.30 cm
Final test: 2.6 ± 0.40 cm
Mean weight1 Range-finding test: 0.61 ± 0.19 g
Final test: 0.27 ± 0.20 g
Characteristics F1 from a single parent-pair bred in UV-treated water.
Reason for selection This system has been selected as an internationally accepted species.
Total fish used 26

Holding
Quarantine/Acclimatisation At least 12 days after delivery
Medium Adjusted ISO medium, formulated using RO-water (tap-water purified by reverse osmosis; GEON Waterbehandeling, Berkel-Enschot, The Netherlands) with the following composition:
CaCl2.2H2O 211.5 mg/L
MgSO4.7H2O 88.8 mg/L
NaHCO3 46.7 mg/L
KCl 4.2 mg/L
Measurements Conductivity, pH, nitrate, nitrite and ammonia concentration: once a week. Temperature: continuous. In addition, pH and temperature were measured before transferring the fish to the test system.
Water quality parameters Were kept within the optimum limits for the respective fish species.
Feeding Daily with pelleted fish food (Essence (300-500 um), Coppens International bv, Helmond, The Netherlands)
Validity of batch In the batch of fish used for the test, mortality during the seven days prior to the start of the test was less than 5%.

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

yes

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Hardness:

180 mg CaCO3 per litre

Test temperature:

temperature 20-24°C,

pH:

7.6-7.8

Dissolved oxygen:

4.4-9.5 mg/L

Salinity:

N/A

Conductivity:

N/A

Nominal and measured concentrations:

100 mg/L nominal 95-104mg/L measured

Details on test conditions:

4.8.1. Range-Finding Test
A range-finding test was performed to provide information about the range of concentrations to be used in the final test. Test procedure and conditions were similar to those applied in the final test with the following exceptions:
• Three fish per concentration were exposed to a range of 0.10 to 100 mg/L increasing by a factor of 10.
• Dissolved oxygen concentrations, pH and temperature were only measured in the lowest and the highest test concentration.

Limit Test

Test Concentrations
Test item 100 mg/L, the regulatory limit concentration.
Controls Test medium without test item or other additives.

Test Procedure and Conditions
Test duration 96 hours
Test type Static
Test vessels 6.5 litres, all-glass, containing 6.5 litres of test solution. Test was performed in air-tight vessels and the media were not aerated.
Test medium Adjusted ISO medium with a hardness of 180 mg CaCO3 per litre and a pH of 7.7 ± 0.3.
Number of fish 7 in the control and per concentration
Loading 0.29 g fish/Litre, i.e. 7 fish per 6.5 litres of test medium
Illumination 16 hours photoperiod daily
Aeration The test media were not aerated during the test
Feeding No feeding from 24 hours prior to the test and during the total test period
Introduction of fish Within 8 minutes after preparation of the test media from a holding tank with comparable water quality parameters and pH and temperature differences between test and holding tank media of less than 0.5 unit and 1.0°C.

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

pentachlorophenol

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Details on results:

- . No mortality or other clinical effects were observed in the control and test concentration throughout the test duration.

Results with reference substance (positive control):

- Results with reference substance valid? es
- Mortality: 100% at 0.46 mg/L
- LC50: <0.46mg/L
- Other:

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

The 96h-LC50 for Cyprinus carpio exposed to 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol exceeded the analytically confirmed nominal concentration of 100 mg/L.

Executive summary:

The objective of the study was to evaluate 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol for its ability to generate acute toxic effects inCyprinus carpioduring an exposure period of 96 hours and, if possible, to determine the LC₅₀at all observation times.

The study procedure described in this report was based onthe OECD guideline No. 203, 1992.In addition, procedures were based on the test methods described in the OECD series on testing and assessment number 23, 2000.

The batch of 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol tested was a colourless liquid with a purity of 99.2% which was completely soluble in test medium at the concentrations tested. Test solutions were prepared in the glove box under nitrogen.

 

A limit test was performed based on the results of a preceding range-finding test. Seven fish per group were exposed to an untreated control and to a limit concentration of nominal 100 mg/L. The total exposure period was 96 hours and samples for analytical confirmation of exposure concentrations were taken at the start and at the end of the test. Exposure was performed in airtight vessels with headspace reduced to a minimum.

Actual concentrations were at the level of nominal during the exposure period (95-104%). Therefore, the effect parameters were expressed in terms of analytically confirmed nominal concentrations.

No mortality or other clinical effects were observed in this study.

The study met the acceptability criteria prescribed by the study plan and was considered valid.

In conclusion,the 96h-LC₅₀for Cyprinus carpio exposed to 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol exceeded the analytically confirmed nominal concentration of 100 mg/L.

Description of key information

The 96h-LC50 for Cyprinus carpio exposed to 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol exceeded the analytically confirmed nominal concentration of 100 mg/L.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water fish

Fresh water fish

Effect concentration:

100 mg/L