1-chloro-2-nitrobenzene

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Administrative data

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Test procedure according to national standards.

Data source

Reference

Reference 1

Reference Type:

secondary source

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2001

Reference 2

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1988

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Guideline:

other: The test was conducted in line with the provisional procedure proposed by the Federal Environmental Agency (Umweltbundesamt) (as of january the 1st 1984).

GLP compliance:

not specified

Test material

Reference

Name:

Unnamed

Type:

Constituent

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): 1-chloro-2-nitrobenzene
- Analytical purity: pure substance

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

not specified

Test solutions

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

DILUTION WATER

In the interests of national and international standardization, an artificial medium (synthetic fresh water) (DINGerman Institute of Standardization, 1982a, b) of the following composition was used in the test and control preparations:
- 11.76 g CaC12 · 2Hi0 (A.R.)/1 litre deionized water
- 4.93 g MgSO4 • 7H2O (A.R.)/1 litre deionized water
- 2.59 g NaHCO3 (A.R.)/1 litre deionized water
- 0.23 g KCI (A.R.)/1 litre deionized water.

Twenty-five millilitres of each solution was pipetted into a graduated flask and completed to 1 litre with deionized water. The amount of calcium and magnesium ions in this solution was 2.5 mmoJ L^-1. The molar relationship of sodium to potassium ions was 10:1. This water was aerated up to the water saturation level and the pH value was measured (8.0 ± 0.2). When using deionized water with a conductivity of < 1 µS cm^-1, the dilution water was diluted with 10% tap water.

TEST SUBSTANCE PREPARATION

Before preparing the dilution series, the substance was fully dissolved (both quantitatively and optically) in dilution water using magnetic stirrers (stock solution).

From the stock solution of the substance to be tested, graduated dilutions with dilution water were produced in the concentration range in which effects were to be expected in accordance with the results from the acute 24 h Daphnia test and a preliminary 3 d Daphnia test (same conditions as in the 21 d reproduction test). The dilution steps corresponded to a ratio of 1 : 2.

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

The Daphnia magna strain (IRCHA strain) has been maintained in accordance with the procedure practised since 1978. In each case, 20-30 specimens were placcd in forty 2-1. beakers which bad been filled with at least 1.6L Berlin tap water. They provided 24 h-old animals when the offspring were removed daily from the cultures.
For all Daphnia strain cultures, temperature-controlled, dechlorinated and oxygen-saturated tap water (German hardness 16°, pH value 7.6-7.7) was used which bad been left to stand for 24 h. Before collecting the water, the tap was turned on fully and left to run for at least 1 h. All beakers were covered with watch glasses and placed on a white supporting surface. Feeding with dry algae of the Scenedesmus genus took place daily. 9g of feed were suspended in 1000 ml tap water and 2 ml of the suspension were added to each beaker.
The temperature of the culture area was regulated thermostatically at 20°C. Under exclusion of daylight, the area was lit by ftuorescent lamps (Philips TL 65/33W) for 9 h between 7 a.m. and 4 p.m. On Monday and Thursday of each week the tap water in all beakers was renewed as were the beakers themselves on Mondays. On Mondays, the offspring which had appeared between Thursday or Friday and Monday were concentrated using the 0.315 mm DIN sieve and separated according to size using the 0.630 mm DIN sieve. Daphnia in the different size categories were used separately for further cultivation.

Study design

Test type:

not specified

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

24 h

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

12 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

not specified

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

not specified

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

In 24h acute toxicity tests with Daphnia magna, the determined EC50 value was at 12.0 mg/L.