(Z)-1,3-dichloropropene

Short-term toxicity to fish

Administrative data

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

29th November 1988 - 17th July 1989

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Study conducted in accordance with generally accepted scientific principles, possibly with incomplete reporting or methodological deficiencies, which do not affect the quality of the relevant results.

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1989

Report date:

1989

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Test guideline 1

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method C.1 (Acute Toxicity for Fish)

Deviations:

not specified

Test guideline 2

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EPA OTS 797.1400 (Fish Acute Toxicity Test)

Deviations:

not specified

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

(Z)-1,3-dichloropropene

EC Number:

233-195-8

EC Name:

(Z)-1,3-dichloropropene

Cas Number:

10061-01-5

Molecular formula:

C3H4Cl2

IUPAC Name:

1,3-dichloroprop-1-ene

Details on test material:

The sample of cis-1,3-dichloropropene was obtained from Shell Nederland Raffinaderij B.V., Rotterdam, (batch number 1986; 88009).

Calculated mean purity of 96% m/m

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

- Concentrations: all
- Sampling method: Test media samples from the S. gairdneri test were taken at 0 and 24 hours for each of the 4 renewals of the test media. The 0 hour samples were taken immediately prior to the introduction of the fish to the media and the 24 hour samples immediately prior to their removal.
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: ambient temperature, approximately 20 ºC

Test solutions

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)

Cis-l,3-dichloropropene was dissolved in filtered dichlorinated mains water to give 10 different concentrations.

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Oncorhynchus mykiss (previous name: Salmo gairdneri)

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Rainbow trout
- Strain: Salmo gairdneri (Richardson)
- Source: Itchen Valley Trout Farm
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): fingerlings
- Length at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD): mean length of 4.7 cm (range 4.4 to 5.1 cm)
- Weight at study initiation (mean and range, SD): mean weight of 1.1 g (range 0.91 to 1.5 g).
- Method of breeding: NDA
- Feeding during test: NDA
- Food type: NDA
- Amount: NDA
- Frequency: NDA

ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: More than 9 days
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): NDA
- Type and amount of food: NDA
- Feeding frequency: NDA
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): NDA

QUARANTINE (wild caught) N/A

Study design

Test type:

semi-static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Post exposure observation period:

N/A

Test conditions

Hardness:

226 - 258 mg/l CaCO3

Test temperature:

13 - 17 ºC

pH:

7.0 - 7.8

Dissolved oxygen:

6.4 - 10.2 mg/l

Salinity:

NDA

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal: 0, 0.27, 0.49, 0.90, 1.6, 2.9, 5.2, 9.4, 17, 31 and 49
Mean measured 0 - 96 hours: 0.18, 0.41, 0.76, 1.2, 2.3, 4.0, 6.7, 12, 26 and 37
Mean measured 0 - 96 hours: 0.19, 0.37, 0.59 and 1.1. Not determined above this concentration as all fish were dead.

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 20 litre glass round botton reaction vessel
- Type (delete if not applicable): closed
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: glass
- Aeration: NDA
- Type of flow-through (e.g. peristaltic or proportional diluter): N/A
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): daily
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 1
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 1
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): N/A
- Biomass loading rate: N/A

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
The water used for maintenance of stocks and for the toxicity test with S. gairdneri was the laboratory mains supply. The water comes from two pumping stations (Newnham and Wychling) controlled by the Mid Kent Water Company. The water is obtained from bore holes in the chalk of the North Downs. The only chemical treatment prior to its arrival in the laboratory is chlorination to 0.1 mg/l

In the laboratory the water was filtered (Balston LP-200-S0-30) to remove particles larger than 10 µm and passed through activated carbon filters (Cano model CT) to remove chlorine and organic contaminants. Both particle and activated carbon filter cartridges are renewed as recommended by the manufacturers. Heat exchange units (stainless steel and perspex) were used to adjust the temperature of the water. Prior to use in tests the water was vigorously aerated for several hours to ensure that no residual chlorine remained.

Samples of the water, after filtration but before aeration, are taken at approximately 6 month intervals and analysed for a number of parameters

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: NDA
- Photoperiod: NDA
- Light intensity: NDA

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 1.8
- Justification for using less concentrations than requested by guideline: N/A
- Range finding study NDA

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

0.59 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (geom. mean)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Effect concentrations 2

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

1.6 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (geom. mean)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: 95 % CL (1.4 - 1.8)

Details on results:

The highest mean measured concentration of cis-l,3-dichloropropene causing no mortality within the period of the test was 0.59 mg/l. The lowest
concentration causing 100 % mortality within the period of the test was 2.1 mg/l.
All calculations were based upon the mean measured concentration of cis-l,3-dichloropropene in the test solutions over the relevent exposure period.
Other sublethal toxic effects were only recorded during the period of the test at mean measured concentrations ≥ l.l mg/l.

The 6, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h LC50 values were calculated to be 27, 4.4, 2.4, 1.6 and 1.6 mg/l respectively (95% confidence limits 25 - 30; 3.9 - 5.1, 2.1 - 2.9, 1.4 - 1.8 and 1.4 - 1.8 mg/l.

Since cis-l,3-dichloropropene was observed to be stable in a mixture of 1 + 3 v/v water + acetone for at least 10 days, it is unlikely to have decomposed to any significant extent in the aqueous test media during the tests. Losses from the test system by volatilization should have been small, since all tests were conducted in sealed test vessels with no head space. The most likely explanation for the low initial concentrations relative to the nominal values is therefore adsorption onto container surfaces during preparation and testing of media.

Results with reference substance (positive control):

N/A

Reported statistics and error estimates:

The 6, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h LC50 values (those concentrations calculated to cause a 50 % mortality after 6, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h exposure) were calculated using the moving average-angle method (US Environmental Protection Agency, 1985) after log transformation of the concentrations.

Any other information on results incl. tables

Sublethal observations / clinical signs:

See attached image for fish mortality data.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

The 6, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h LC50 values, expressed in terms of the mean measured concentrations in the test media, were calculated to be 27, 4.4, 2.4, 1.6 and 1.6 mg/L, respectively. The 96 hour NOEC was determined to be 0.59 mg/L.

Executive summary:

The acute toxicity of cis-1 ,3-dichloropropene to the rainbow trout fingerlings, Salmo gairdneri, was determined in a sealed 96 h semi-static water test with daily renewal of the test media. Nominal concentrations tested were 0, 0.27, 0.49, 0.90, 1.6, 2.9, 5.2, 9.4, 17, 31 and 49. The study was conducted to EU method C.3. and to GLP standard.

The 6, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h LC50 values, expressed in terms of the mean measured concentrations in the test media, were calculated to be 27, 4.4, 2.4, 1.6 and 1.6 mg/L, respectively. The 96 hour NOEC was determined to be 0.59 mg/L.