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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 414-420-0 | CAS number: - SPE 93279
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://poisoncentres.echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_toxicological-information.png)
Toxicological Summary
- Administrative data
- Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
- Workers - Hazard via dermal route
- Workers - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - workers
- General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
- General Population - Hazard via dermal route
- General Population - Hazard via oral route
- General Population - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - General Population
Administrative data
Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 10.6 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 25
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEC
- Value:
- 264.5 mg/m³
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
Step 1) Relevant dose-descriptor: NOAEL, rat = 150 mg/kg bw per day
Step 2) Modification of starting point
- Conversion into inhalation NOAEC (in mg/m³) by using an 8-hour respiratory volume for the rat: 0.38 m³/kg bw
- Correction for activity driven differences of respiratory volumes in workers compared to workers in rest: 6.7 m³/10 m³
- Correction for inhalation to oral absorption: no factor is added. Justification: the test substance has a low volatility (vapour pressure of less than 0.00005 Pa).
- No difference in oral and inhalation absorption is expected between rats and human. NOAEC corrected = (150 x 1 / 0.38) x (6.7 / 10) = 264.5 mg/m³
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- NOAEL
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- Exposure duration: subchronic (90 days) to chronic = 2
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 5
- Justification:
- workers
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Workers - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 1.5 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 100
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 150 mg/kg bw/day
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
Step 1) Relevant dose-descriptor: NOAEL, rat = 150 mg/kg bw per day
Step 2) Modification of starting point
Correcting for dermal to oral absorption: factor of 1 is used. The value of Log Kow is moderately low (1.1), suggesting that this value will favour dermal penetration from the stratum corneum into the epidermis. Its known surfactant properties may also exert an unknown influence on its uptake and adsorption. Furthermore, the test substance is very soluble in water (> 10000 mg/l). As no dermal penetration study is available, 100% absorption will be considered as a worst case. No difference in oral and dermal absorption is expected between rats and human.
Corrected dermal NOAEL: 150 mg/kg-day x 100%/100% = 150 mg/kg-day.
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- NOAEL
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- subchronic (90 days) to chronic = 2
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 5
- Justification:
- workers
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Workers - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- low hazard (no threshold derived)
Additional information - workers
General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 2.6 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 50
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEC
- Value:
- 130.4 mg/m³
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
Step 1) Relevant dose-descriptor: NOAEL, rat = 150 mg/kg bw per day
Step 2) Modification of starting point
- Conversion into inhalation NOAEC (in mg/m³) by using an 24-hour respiratory volume for the rat: 1.15 m³/kg bw
- Correction for inhalation to oral absorption: no factor is added. Justification: the test substance has a low volatility (boiling point above 150°C, vapour pressure of less than 0.00005 Pa).
- No difference in oral and inhalation absorption is expected between rats and human.
NOAEC corrected = 150 x 1 / 1.15 = 130.4 mg/m³
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- NOAEL
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- subchronic (90 days) to chronic = 2
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- general population
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 0.75 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 200
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 150 mg/kg bw/day
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
Step 1) Relevant dose-descriptor: NOAEL, rat = 150 mg/kg bw per day
Step 2) Modification of starting point
Correction for absorption difference between rat and human, and between dermal and oral absorption: no difference in dermal and oral absorption is expected between rats and humans. A default oral and dermal absorption of 100% in rats and humans is used for DNEL derivation.
Corrected dermal NOAEL: 150 mg/kg-day x 100%/100% = 150 mg/kg-day.
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- NOAEL
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- subchronic (90 days) to chronic = 2
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- genera population
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
General Population - Hazard via oral route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 0.75 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 200
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 150 mg/kg bw/day
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
No need to extrapolate since the key study was performed by oral route
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- NOAEL
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- general population
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- low hazard (no threshold derived)
Additional information - General Population
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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