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EC number: 233-267-9 | CAS number: 10102-18-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Short-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Well performed study. Effect concentrations based on measured Se concentrations.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OPP 72-1 (Fish Acute Toxicity Test)
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- -Frequency: Three to four times during bioassay
- Sampling method: Upon collection, samples of water were filtered through Whatman No. 1 paper to remove debris and acidified to insure toxicant stability - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- see test conditions
- Test organisms (species):
- Pimephales promelas
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Fathead minnow
- Source: Cultured in laboratory from brood stock obtained from US EPA's National Water Quality Laboratory in Duluth, Minnesota, USA
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 1 day (yolk sac fry) or 3 months (juveniles)
- Length at study initiation: 5 mm (yolk sac fry) of 20.7 mm (juveniles)
- Weight at study initiation: 0.085 g (juveniles)
- Feeding during test: No
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: 3 days prior to exposure
- Fish were not fed during the acclimation period - Test type:
- flow-through
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Hardness:
- 151 mg /L as CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- 24.7 ± 0.4 °C
- pH:
- 7.80 ± 0.09
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 7.1 ± 0.6 mg/L
- Salinity:
- not applicable
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Control + 5 exposure concentrations up to 54 mg SeO2/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 30.5x30.5x30.5 cm glass chambers containing 16.5 L of test solution
- Type of flow-through (e.g. peristaltic or proportional diluter): 2-L proportional diluters
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): 90% renewal in 9 h
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 2
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 2
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: no data
- Alkalinity: 167 ± 4 mg/L as CaCO3
- Sulfate: 8.6 mg/L
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 12:12 (light:dark)
- Light intensity: 1010 lux - Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 2 060 µg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (not specified)
- Conc. based on:
- element
- Remarks:
- Se
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Remarks on result:
- other: 1-d-old yolk sac fry
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 5 190 µg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (not specified)
- Conc. based on:
- element
- Remarks:
- Se
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Remarks on result:
- other: 3-month-old juveniles
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Probit analysis or Litchfield-Wilcoxon in case of only one partial kill.
- Conclusions:
- Reliable (Klimisch 1) study on the toxicity of selenium dioxide to Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow). The 96-h LC50 values for 1-d-old yolk sac fry and 3-month-old juveniles were 2060 and 5190 µg Se/L, respectively.
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Well performed study. Not entirely clear how many replicates were used. Good reproducibility among tests with different test animals from about the same age. pH and sulfate concentration not reported.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: ASTM methods for acute testing
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Frequency: At the end of the test
- Sampling method and storage: 100 mL water samples were randomly taken from two to four beakers after the test. Samples were acidified by addition of 1 mL HCl and frozen (-18°C) until analysis. - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- see test conditions
- Test organisms (species):
- Morone saxatilis
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Striped bass
- Source: Florida Game and Freshwater Fish Commission (larvae) and California Department of Fish and Game (eggs)
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 24-32 days post-hatch
- Feeding during test: no - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- brackish water
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Hardness:
- 750-830 mg/L as CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- 17 °C
- pH:
- No data
- Dissolved oxygen:
- Near saturation
- Salinity:
- reconstituted brackish water, salinity: 5 g/L
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Control + seven exposure concentrations ranging from 1 to 6 mg Se/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 2-L glass beakers containing 1.5 L of test solution
- No. of organisms per vessel: 20
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): not reported
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): not reported
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: reconstituted brackish water (dechlorinated tap water brought to 5 ppt salinity by addition of Instant Ocean)
- Alkalinity: 38.5 - 40.5 mg/L as CaCO3 - Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 3 300 µg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (not specified)
- Conc. based on:
- element
- Remarks:
- Se
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Remarks on result:
- other: Florida fish, 25 days post-hatch
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 3 900 µg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (not specified)
- Conc. based on:
- element
- Remarks:
- Se
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Remarks on result:
- other: Florida fish, 32 days post-hatch
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 3 400 µg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (not specified)
- Conc. based on:
- element
- Remarks:
- Se
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Remarks on result:
- other: California fish, 24 days post-hatch
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 3 800 µg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (not specified)
- Conc. based on:
- element
- Remarks:
- Se
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Remarks on result:
- other: California fish, 31 days post-hatch
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Probit analysis or moving average method
- Conclusions:
- Reliable (Klimisch 2) study on the toxicity of sodium selenite to Morone saxatilis (striped bass). The 96-h LC50 values ranged from 3300 to 3900 µg Se/L, the lowest being obtained in the test started with 25-d post-hatch larvae from a Florida hatchery.
Referenceopen allclose all
Description of key information
The most critical LC50 for freshwater fish is a 96-h LC50 for SeO2 for fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) of 2060 µg Se/L.
The most critical LC50 for marine fish is a 96-h LC50 of 3300 µg Se/L for the anadromous fish species Morone saxatilis (striped bass) obtained from a test in brackish water with Na2SeO3.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water fish
Fresh water fish
- Effect concentration:
- 2 060 µg/L
Marine water fish
Marine water fish
- Effect concentration:
- 3 300 µg/L
Additional information
For acute toxicity to fish, reliable data are available for SeO2, Na2SeO3 and Na2SeO4 and for 8 freshwater species from 6 different families (Pimephales promelas, Carassius auratus and Notemigonus crysoleucas (Cyprinidae), Jordanella floridae (Cyprinodontidae), Lepomis macrochirus (Centrarchidae), Ictalurus punctatus (Ictaluridae), Salvelinus fontinalis (Salmonidae), Stizostedion vitreum (Percidae)) and 2 marine species (from 2 families: Pagrus major (Sparidae), and Morone saxatilis (Moronidae)). All results are based on added dissolved elemental Se concentrations.
For freshwater species, the LC50 values range from 2060 to 28460 µg Se/L. The lowest LC50 represents a 96-h LC50 for SeO2 for fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas (Cardwell et al., 1976). The highest LC50 is a 96-h LC50 for bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) from a toxicity test from the same study with the same test substance.
For brackish/saltwater species, reliable LC50 values are found between 3300 and 76000 µg Se/L. The lowest LC50 is a 96-h LC50 for the anadromous fish species Morone saxatilis (striped bass) resulting from a toxicity test in brackish water with Na2SeO3 as test substance (Chapman, 1992). The highest LC50 represents a 96-h LC50 for red seabream (Pagrus major) obtained from a toxicity test in natural filtered uncontaminated seawater with Na2SeO4 as test substance (Takayanagi, 2001).
For freshwater fish, the data are inconclusive with regard to the question whether tetravalent selenium compounds (SeO2 and Na2SeO3) are more toxic than selenate compounds.
For marine fish however, data are available from two different studies in which a single fish species was exposed to either selenite or selenate. These data suggest that selenite is more toxic than selenate to the two fish species under consideration.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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