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EC number: 233-713-2 | CAS number: 10326-41-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Long-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- fish life cycle toxicity
- Data waiving:
- study scientifically not necessary / other information available
- Justification for data waiving:
- other:
- Justification for type of information:
- Lactic acid is a ubiquitous and essential molecule of life. As such, testing for chronic toxicity is not warranted. Moreover, since any effects by lactic acid observed in short-term aquatic toxicity tests can be attributed to pH shifts it can be concluded that the substance does not exert significant effects on environmental organisms that result in identification of a hazard. Accordingly, the chemical safety assessment does not indicate the need to further investigate environmental toxicity by means of long-term studies.
- Endpoint:
- fish, juvenile growth test
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- disregarded due to major methodological deficiencies
- Justification for type of information:
- For details and justification of read-across please refer to the read-across report attached to IUCLID section 13.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Key result
- Duration:
- 90 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 2.18 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- weight
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- no
- Conclusions:
- Lactic acid LOEC ca. 2.18 mg/L
- Executive summary:
The comparative toxicity of lactic acid, acetic acid, and benzoic acid to tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus), cladoceran crustacean (Moina micrura), and oligochaete worm (Branchiura sowerbyi) were determined using static bioassay tests. Worms were found most sensitive to all the acids whereas the cladoceran was found most resistant to lactic acid and the fish most resistant to acetic acid and benzoic acid. The 96h LC50 values of lactic acid, acetic acid, and benzoic acid, were, respectively, 257.73, 272.87, and 276.74 mg/L for O. mossambicus; 329.12, 163.72, and 71.65 mg/L for M. micrura and 50.82, 14.90, and 39.47 mg/L for B. sowerbyi. Tilapia lost appetite at sub-lethal concentrations as low as 2.18 mg/L lactic acid, 1.26 mg/L acetic acid, and 13.84 mg/L of benzoic acid. Growth and reproduction of the fish were affected following 90-day chronic exposure to sub-lethal concentrations of the acids. Minimum effective concentrations of the acids that significantly reduced food conversion efficiency (FeE), percent increase of weight, specific growth rate, yield and fecundity of the fish were 2.18, 1,47, and 3.95 mg/L of lactic acid, acetic acid, and benzoic acid, respectively. Effects of acetic add and benzoic acid on FCE, weight increase, and yield were not significantly different from each other whereas lactic acid produced different effects from acetic acid as well as benzoic acid. Mean values of dissolved oxygen, primary productivity, and plankton populations of the test medium significantly reduced from control at 16.94 mg/L lactic acid, 16.79 mg/L acetic acid, and 13.84 mg/L benzoic acid.
This study is disregarded due to major methodological deficiencies.
This information is used in a read-across approach in the assessment of the target substance.For details and justification of read-across please refer to the read-across report attached to IUCLID section 13.
Referenceopen allclose all
Description of key information
The 90-day LOEC for Tilapia is 2.18 mg/L, due to pH effects. The study is considered to be unreliable. Overall, a lactate-related hazard regarding long-term toxicity to fish is not identified.
According to REACH Annex IX, column 2, long-term toxicity testing shall be considered if the chemical safety assessment according to Annex I indicates the need to investigate further the effects on aquatic organisms. Since any effects by L-(+)-lactic acid observed in short-term aquatic toxicity tests can be attributed to pH shifts it can be concluded that the substance does not exert significant effects on environmental organisms that result in identification of a hazard. Accordingly, the chemical safety assessment does not indicate the need to further investigate environmental toxicity by means of long-term studies.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.