Resin acids and Rosin acids, sodium salts

PBT assessment

PBT assessment: overall result

PBT status:

the substance is not PBT / vPvB

Justification:

Rosin and rosin salts are UVCB substances and the main constituents for all category members are resin acids and/or their salts. Oligomers of resin acids (mainly dimers) can also be present in rosin and rosin salt substances.As all the substances in Category 1 contain the same constituentsa single PBT assessment covering all of the constituents in this category is warranted.

There is little detailed analytical data available on the individual constituents found in substances in this category. However, the families or blocks of constituents present are known, as reflected in the Substance Identity Profiles. Constituents that are thought to be present in each block were identified by cross-referring to detailed analytical data which is available for H4R Category 8 substances: Fatty acids, tall-oil, low-boiling (CAS No. 65997-03-7), Tall-oil pitch (CAS No. 8016-81-7), and Tall oil (CAS No. 8002-26-4) and These constituents were used as the basis for this assessment of PBT/vPvB properties of the substances. The substances within this category are rosin, hydrogenated rosin and mono-, di- and tri-valent salts of rosin which are aseries of structurally related compounds. The main constituents of all the category members share the same basic chemistry, primarily resin acids (which fall into three skeletal classes: abietane, isopimarane and labdane), fatty acids, rosin dimer, trimers and higher oligomers, and a neutral fraction. Some of the substances also contain inorganic salts of the acids and the PBT and vPvB criteria are not applicable to these substances. Furthermore, three substances are reaction products of rosin acids with formaldehyde (and their salts). The blocks and their representative constituents that were assessed are listed inTable1.

Table1Blocks present in this category and representative structures for each block.

Block	Substance
Abietane type	Abietic acid
	Neoabietic acid
	Palustric acid
	Levopimaric acid
	Dehydroabietic acid
	Hydroabietic acid
Pimarane and isopimarane types	Pimaric acid
	7,15-pimaradienoic acid
	Delta Pimaric acid
	Isopimaric acid
	Sandaracopiramic acid
	Delta Isopimaric acid
Labdane type	Communic acid
	Anticopatic acid
	Lambertiaric acid
	Mercusic acid
	Acetylisocupressic acid
	Acetylimbricataloic acid
	Imbricataloic acid
Dimers	Dimerised Rosin
	Dimer of abietic acid cross-linked by reaction formaldehyde
Hydrogenated Rosin	Abietic acid, hydrogenated
	Pimaric acid, hydrogenated
Fatty acids	16:0 fatty acid
	16:1 fatty acid
	18:1 fatty acid (9)
	18:2 fatty acid (9,12)
	18:3 fatty acid (5,9,12)
	20:3 fatty acid (5,11,14 + 7,11,14)
Dihydro (combined)	Dihydroabietic acid
Tetrahydro (combined)	Tetrahydroabietic acid
Dehydro abietic acid	Dehydroabietic acid
Neutral fraction (including decarboxylated rosin)	Abietadiene
	Pimaradiene
	Isopimaradiene
	Palustradiene
	Dehydroabietadiene
	Abietal
	Pimaral
	Isopimaral
	Palustral
	Dehydroabietal
Methyldehydroabietic acid	Methyldehydroabietic acid
Trimers and Higher Oligomers	Trimer of abietic acid cross-linked by reaction formaldehyde
	24:0 OH-monoester with Abietic acid dimer 1 (Diels-Alder)
	Abietol-monoester with Abietic acid dimer 1 (Diels-Alder)
	Pimarol-monoester with Abietic acid dimer 1 (Diels-Alder)
	24:0 OH-diester with Abietic acid dimer 1 (Diels-Alder)
	Abietol-diester with Abietic acid dimer 1 (Diels-Alder)
	C24:0 OH-Abietic dimer 1-Betulinol-Abietic dimer 1-Betulinol-C18:1 FA
	C24:0 OH-C18:2 FA dimer-Betulinol-C18:2 FA dimer-Betulinol-C18:1 FA
	Pimarol-diester with Abietic acid dimer 1 (Diels-Alder)
	Sitosterol-diester with Abietic acid dimer 1 (Diels-Alder)
	24:0 OH-Abietic acid
	Abietol-C18:1 FA
	Betulinol-C16:0
	Campestanol-C16:0
	Campesterol-C16:0
	Methyl Betulinate-C16:0
	Pimarol-Abietic acid
	Sitostanol-C16:0
	Sitosterol-C16:0

Persistence

There is an OECD 301B ready biodegradation study available for Abietal which is one of the Neutral Fraction Aldehydes which showed that Abietal is not persistent. This data can be read-across to the other Neutral Aldehydes and therefore these are not considered persistent. The persistence assessment of the other constituents relies on the BIOWIN QSARs. Seven constituents, however, were too large to calculate the QSARs these have therefore been assumed to be persistent as a worst case. This data indicates that 12 of the 62 constituents are either not P or Predicted not P the remaining 50 constituents are Predicted P.

Bioaccumulation

Of the 62 constituents that required further assessment, eight had experimental data that showed that they were not bioaccumulative. Five of the constituents (Neutral Aldehydes) were predicted to potentially be B/vB. The remaining 50 constituents they all reported BCFs <2000 L/kg. In addition, 32 of the constituents were reported to have a Log Kow of >10 and/or a Dmax_avof >1.7, which offers greater confidence that these substances are not expected to be bioaccumulative (see Appendix 3). As a result, the 62 constituents were concluded to be Predicted Not B.

Toxicity

As all of the consituents assessed are not bioaccumulative an assessment of T is not warranted.