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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 215-284-3 | CAS number: 1318-23-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://poisoncentres.echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_ecotoxicological-information.png)
Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- Not reported
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Meets generally accepted scientific standards, well documented and acceptable for assessment
Cross-reference
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 984
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: ASTM, Proposed New Standard Practice for Conducting Static Toxicity Tests with Duckweed
- Deviations:
- not specified
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Not applicable
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Aluminium chloride
- EC Number:
- 231-208-1
- EC Name:
- Aluminium chloride
- Cas Number:
- 7446-70-0
- IUPAC Name:
- aluminum trichloride
- Reference substance name:
- 7784-13-6
- EC Number:
- 616-520-1
- Cas Number:
- 7784-13-6
- IUPAC Name:
- 7784-13-6
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material: anhydrous AlCl3
- Analytical purity: 99.7%
- Source: MCB Manufacturing Chemists, Inc.
- Lot/batch No.: B7N14
- All other template details: Not reported
Constituent 1
Constituent 2
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
Not applicable
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: all exposures including control
- Sampling method: samples were collected before, at the beginning of, and at the end of the 96 hr exposure. Samples (15-20 mL) were collected midway between the surface and bottom of the water column in the center of each exposure chamber. A 30 mL adjustable-volume glass-teflon syringe was rinsed three times with the exposure water prior to collecting a sample.
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: All samples were immediately acidified to 1% (v/v) with concentrated nitric acid (Baker Instra analyzed Lot No: 340040). Two mL of potassium chloride solution (95 g KCl/L) was added per 100 mL sample, as suggested in method 202.1. Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastewater (U.S. EPA, 1979).
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method: Exposure and control tanks were prepared a minimum of 48 hr in advance of organism introduction to the tanks. The water volume was measured, then added to each exposure tank, and aluminum introduced from a 50,000 mg/l stock solution. Daily adjustments of pH were necessary in many of the exposures. Tests run at pH values above neutrality declined in pH in proportion to the total aluminum present. Controls dropped the least or not at all. Tests run at a pH below neutrality (6.5 nominal) rose in pH in all test chambers.
- Evidence of undissolved material: a precipitate was readily apparent at concentrations of 3.12 mg/L or above
- All other template details: Not reported
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Lemna minor
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: duckweed
- Source: A stock culture of Lemna minor was obtained from Dr. W. Wang, Water Quality Section, Illinois State Water Survey, Peoria, Illinois.
- All other template details: Not reported
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: 7 days
- Culturing media and conditions: maintained in dilution water
- Any deformed or abnormal cells observed: not reported
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- Not reported
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- 47.4 mg/L as CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- 24 ± 2 degrees C
- pH:
- two pH levels: 7.6 ± 0.05 and 8.2 ± 0.05
- Dissolved oxygen:
- Not reported
- Salinity:
- Not applicable
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal test concentrations (mg/L): 0 (control), 3.12, 6.25, 12.5, 25.0, 50.0
Measured concentrations (mg/L): <0.3, 2.8, 5.9, 11.4, 23.2, 45.7 - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 250 mL beaker
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 200 mL of test solution in each beaker
- Aeration: no
- Type of flow-through (e.g. peristaltic or proportional diluter):
- No. of colonies per replicate: 10
- No. of fronds per colony: 2
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 3
- All other template details: Not reported
GROWTH MEDIUM: Not reported
SEDIMENT USED: Not applicable
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Lake Superior water collected from a tap on the City of Cloquet, MN raw water intake in the City of Superior, WI. The source of the water was from approximately 3200 meters offshore on the lake bottom.
- Total solids: 61 ± 5 mg/L
- Particulate matter (total suspended solids): <1.0 mg/L
- Chloride: 1.5 ± 0.42 mg/L
- Alkalinity: 41.6 ± 1.27 mg/L as CaCO3
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
- Intervals of water quality measurement: measured on each batch of water used
- All other template details: Not reported
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Sterile test conditions: not reported
- Adjustment of pH: Exposure solutions were pH adjusted using either NaOH or HCl of ACS grade purity if the pH differed from the desired test pH by more than 0.2 units.
- Photoperiod: not reported
- Light intensity and quality: 400 ± 40 ft. candles
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED : total number of fronds
- Determination of frond number: nor reported, assumed manual counting
RANGE-FINDING STUDY: Not reported - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
Results and discussion
Effect concentrations
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- > 45.7 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (not specified)
- Conc. based on:
- element
- Basis for effect:
- frond number
- Remarks on result:
- other: Unbounded NOEC for both pH levels
- Details on results:
- - Other: pH dropped during the test from 0.2 to 1.0 pH units. The 96 hr water column concentrations of Al were all at or below the detection limit with the exception of two questionable values.
- All other template details: Not reported - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- Not applicable
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Not reported
Any other information on results incl. tables
TABLE 3. Frond Production by Duckweed (Lemna minor) Exposed for 96 Hr to A13+ in Lake Superior Water at Initial pH Values of 7.6 and 8.2.
Al3+ Concentration (mg/L) |
|||||||
|
Nominal |
0 |
3.12 |
6.25 |
12.5 |
25 |
50 |
|
Total Measured 1 |
<0.3 |
2.8 |
5.9 |
11.4 |
23.2 |
45.7 |
pH 7.6 |
Mean Number of Fronds (± SD) |
39.0 ± 3.5 |
37.0 ± 2.0 |
38.0 ± 1.7 |
38.7 ± 1.2 |
36.7 ± 2.5 |
38.3 ± 1.2 |
|
Percent Effect |
- |
10.5 |
5.3 |
1.6 |
12.1 |
3.7 |
pH 8.2 |
Mean Number of Fronds (± SD) |
42.7 ± 0.6 |
36.3 ± 3.8 |
37.0 ± 2.6 |
38.7 ± 2.9 |
39.3 ± 3.2 |
40.7 ± 1.2 |
|
Percent Effect |
- |
28.2 |
25.1 |
17.6 |
15 |
8.8 |
1- Total measured Al is the initial amount present in the water column prior to pH adjustment and the start of the test. No precipitate was observed.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- 96 hr exposure of Lemna minor to aluminium chloride concentrations up to 45.7 mg/L resulted in no significant effects on frond number compared to controls at a pH of 7.6 or 8.2.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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