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EC number: 233-069-2 | CAS number: 10028-15-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Additional toxicological data
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- additional toxicological information
- Type of information:
- other: handbook data
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- data from handbook or collection of data
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- review article or handbook
- Title:
- Patty´s toxicology
- Author:
- Bingham E.; Cohrssen B.; Patty F.A.
- Year:
- 2 012
- Bibliographic source:
- page 994-1001; Wiley-Blackwell (an imprint of John Wiley & Sons Ltd) (4. September 2012); ISBN-10: 0470410817
Materials and methods
- Type of study / information:
- Handbook data on animal and epidemiological data
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Ozone
- EC Number:
- 233-069-2
- EC Name:
- Ozone
- Cas Number:
- 10028-15-6
- Molecular formula:
- O3
- IUPAC Name:
- trioxygen
- Test material form:
- gas
Constituent 1
Results and discussion
Any other information on results incl. tables
Chronic and Subchronic Toxicity.
One of the principal uncertainties about ozone toxicity is the relationship between repeated exposures and chronic lung disease. Guinea pigs and rats exposed to high ozone concentrations (>1000 ppb) for over 8 months developed chronic bronchiolitis, with bronchiolar fibrosis, pneumonitis, “mild to moderate”emphysema, and occasional lesions in the trachea and major bronchi. Exposure of rats to lower ozone
concentrations (120–250 ppb) resulted in less severe alteration of the terminal bronchioles and alveolar septa, and a distribution of inflammation similar to that observed in shorttermexposures. The lungs of monkeys following chronic exposures manifested bronchiolitis, altered epithelial cell proliferation, nasal secretory hyperplasia, and other effects, including focal lung lesions, which persisted after the cessation of exposure. Thus, unlike the case of acute ozone exposure, effects of chronic exposure become irreversible. After 3 months, the degree of neutrophilic inflammation was less than that observed after the first
week, suggesting that this is a transient response when concentrations are lowered. Nonetheless, monocytic inflammation persists during long-term exposures. A major finding from animal experiments is that chronic exposure to ozone concentrations found in urban air can result in persistent inflammation and small-airway structural changes. Other lines of evidence support the concept that repeated ozone exposure may result in chronic lung disease. Ozone inactivates lysozyme, an antimicrobial protein secreted by airway cells, and human a1-antitrypsin, a protease inhibitor that protects the lung from emphysema. It also increases the synthesis, deposition, and degradation of collagen in rat lung.
Human Exposure
In human studies, acute exposure to as little as 80 ppb ozone can induce neutrophilic inflammation, peaking in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid or biopsies of the bronchial mucosa 12–18 h after a single exposure. These data indicate that the acute inflammatory damage of ozone repeatedly demonstrated in animals is likely to be duplicated in the human lung at concentrations lower than those used in animal studies. In addition, chronic pathological effects have been noted in lung specimens from accident victims in southern California. More than 25% of the tissues examined had severe and extensive injury to the centriacinar region (with monocytic infiltrates).
Reaction of Ozone with Biological Macromolecules.
At concentrations,200 ppb, most, if not all, ozone is likely to react with the biological macromolecules in the respiratory lining fluid. Ozone is a powerful oxidant and will react with amino acids (particularly cysteine, tryptophan, methionine, phenylalanine, and tyrosine) and with lipids (particularly the unsaturated fatty acids contained in membrane phospholipids). The former can yield disulfides and methionine sulfoxide; the latter can yield hydrogen peroxide, aldehydes, and hydroxyhydroperoxides. Antioxidants in mucus and other fluids lining the respiratory tract, as well as those in the tissues themselves, may be protective. In the past, ozone has been purported to act as a free radical. However, although clearly a strong oxidant, ozone is not a free radical. In addition, supportive evidence for this mechanism at best is only indirect and comes from studies showing that vitamin E, a free radical scavenger, retards or prevents ozone’s effects on polyunsaturated fatty acids in vitro. In addition, vitamin E deficiency in experimental animals enhances ozone’s toxicity. It is not known, however, whether supplemental vitamin E in the diet can protect humans against ozone’s effects.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Executive summary:
Patty´s toxicology is a well-known and accepted handbook. In citied chapter, animal and human data on the toxicoligcal profile of ozone is summarized.
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