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EC number: 226-898-6 | CAS number: 5538-41-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1991-1992
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- test procedure in accordance with generally accepted scientific standards and described in sufficient detail
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 992
- Report date:
- 1992
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 D (Ready Biodegradability: Closed Bottle Test)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 4-chloro-3,5-xylenol
- EC Number:
- 201-793-8
- EC Name:
- 4-chloro-3,5-xylenol
- Cas Number:
- 88-04-0
- Molecular formula:
- C8H9ClO
- IUPAC Name:
- Phenol, 4-chloro-3,5-dimethyl-
- Test material form:
- liquid
- Details on test material:
- The test substance, parachlorometaxylenol, was supplied by Reckin and Colman Products, Dansom Lane, Kingston-upon-H ull.
The sample (Batch number DS7539) was received on 11 July 1991 and was assigned the Brixharn code V540. It was a colourless crystalline solid.
The theoretical oxygen demand of the substance was l.99 g Oif g (Ref 3).
The sample was stored in the dark at ambient temperature in the container in which it was received until required for testing when an appropriate subsarnple was provided for the test operator. Solutions of the test substance were prepared in deionised water.
Constituent 1
Study design
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge (adaptation not specified)
- Details on inoculum:
- The sample was stored in the dark at ambient temperature in the container in which it was received until required for testing when an appropriate subsarnple was provided for the test operator. Solutions of the test substance were prepared in deionised water.
- Duration of test (contact time):
- 118 d
Initial test substance concentration
- Initial conc.:
- >= 98 - <= 100 other:
- Based on:
- other: BOD
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- other: non-purgeable dissolved organic carbon content (NPOC)
- Details on study design:
- A SCAS unit was dosed with the test substance at a concentration of 5 rng/l for a period of 118 days. The test substance concentration was selected to be below that which had been found to be inhibitory to microorganisms in a previous study (Ref 3) and was too low to allow reliable determinations of biodegradability by carbon removal. Therefore, at fortnightly intervals for a period of 10 weeks, the activated sludge from the SCAS system was used to provide the inoculurn for 5-day (closed
bottle test) determinations of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), to indicate whether acclimatisation (adaptation) of the microorganisms had occurred, enabling biodegradation of parachlorometaxylenol. If a positive indication had been obtained,
the intention was to carry out a 28-day closed bottle test (OECD 301D) using the acclimatised seed.
BlA456/B page 7
After 90 days, specific chemical analysis on the feed and effluent from the SCAS unit was carried out. This was repeated on Day 109 and followed by further analyses designed to distinguish between biodegradation, sorption to sludge solids and volatilisation.
Reference substance
- Reference substance:
- not specified
Results and discussion
- Preliminary study:
- (SCAS) system (OECD 302A, Ref 1) was used to acclimatise the microorganisms, with 5-day closed bottle tests (based on OECD 301D, Ref 2) and specific analysis to determine biodegradation
- Test performance:
- The substance had previously been found to be not readily biodegradable by 28-day closed bottle test. A SCAS unit was dosed with the test substance at a concentration of 5 rng/l for a period of 118 days. The test substance concentration was selected to be below that which had been found to be inhibitory to microorganisms in a previous study (Ref 3) and was too low to allow reliable determinations of biodegradability by carbon removal.
% Degradation
- Parameter:
- other: carbon removal.
- Value:
- >= 5 - <= 5
- Sampling time:
- 118 d
- Details on results:
- There was no significant inhibition of either control or acclimatised microorganisms at a test substance concentration of 5 mg/l.
BOD5 / COD results
BOD5 / COD
- Parameter:
- BOD5
- Value:
- 8.4 other: mg/l
- Results with reference substance:
- The results of the analyses of the SCAS feed and effluent on Days 90 and 109 are given in Table 4.
Both sets of data indicate that in excess of 96% removal of parachlorometaxylenol was occurring during the 24 hour interval between unit dosing. (Note that the test feed was diluted by a factor of 2 on addition to the SCAS unit).
Because no indication of biodegradation had been obtained from the fortnightly BODs measurements, the experiment to determine the removal mechanism was initiated
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- inherently biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- SCAS removal mechanisms
The results of the experiment to distinguish between biodegradation, sorprion to sludge solids and volatility, as mechanisms for the observed removal of parachlorometaxylenol, are given in Table 5 and are plotted in Figure I.
The decline in parachlorometaxylenol concenrrarion in the "active" treatment was 60% in the 24 hour period, less than that in the SCAS test unit (>98% in 24 hours). However, in the "volatility control" the measured concentrations had not declined after 24 hours, eliminating volatility as a significant removal mechanism in the SCAS system. In the "poisoned" treatment, 10% loss of parachlorometaxylenol occurred af ter 24 hours, attributable to sorption to the sludge solids.
It was concluded that the predominant mechanism for the observed removal of parachlorometaxylenol in the SCAS system was biodegradation, and that the substance was inherently biodegradable. - Executive summary:
TABLE 5
PARACHLOROMETAXYLENOL: INVESTIGATION OF SCAS REMOVAL MECHANISM
Time (hr) Nominal concen- tration (mg/l) Measured concentration (mg/l)
SCAS "Active" "Poisoned" "Volatility control"
0 2.5 (2.0)* (2.0)* 2.0 2.1
0.5 - - - 2.0 -
1 - 1.5 1.6 2.0 2.2
2 - 1.2 1.6 2.0 l.9
4 - 0.57 1.6 2.0 1.8
24 - <0.022 0.8 1.8 2.2
* Measured concentration of the "poisoned" treatment taken as the initial value for the SCAS and "active" treatments.
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