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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 272-702-7 | CAS number: 68909-34-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
A qualitative judgement on the toxicokinetic behaviour was performed based on physico-chemical characteristics. Zirconium Dioxide is an inorganic substance and thus some physico-chemical characteristics (like the octanol/water partition coefficient) are not defined, limiting the possibilities of a qualitative assessment.
Absorption
Absorption factors of 10% are proposed for oral, inhalation and dermal absorption, representing default values of what is considered still defendable based on the limited physical/chemical data that can be applied for inorganic substances and following the lowest proposed default dermal absorption factor of 10% based on physical/chemical properties (ECHA Endpoint specific guidance, Chapter R.7c; section R.7.12.2.1, Dermal absorption). It is recognised that the actual absorption factors for Zirconium Dioxide will be much lower. Data on Zirconium dichloride oxide in mouse and rat show oral absorption to be at levels of 0.01 to 0.05% of the administered dose (Delongeas JL et al., Toxicité et pharmacocinétique de l'oxychlorure de zirconium chez la souris et chez le rat; J. Pharmacol (Paris) 1983, 14, 4, 437-447). This well water soluble compound could be regarded as a reference for Zirconium dioxide as it will instantaneously be converted to Zirconium dioxide in aqueous solution.
The available toxicological data provide no reason to deviate from the above absorption factors, but might also indicate significantly lower absorption factors than proposed as the substance has no eye and skin irritating potential, is not a skin sensitizer and is of low acute toxicity. In addition the available repeated dose studies show no systemic effects at the highest dose tested.
Distribution
Based on available physico-chemical data, relevant parameters like tissue affinity, ability to cross cell membranes and protein binding are difficult to predict. No further assessment is thus done for the distribution of the substance through the body.
Olmedo et al. studied the dissemination of Zirconium dioxide after intraperitoneal administration of this substance in rats. The histological analysis revealed the presence of abundant intracellular aggregates of metallic particles of Zirconium in peritoneum, liver, lung and spleen (Olmedo, D., M.B. Guglielmotti and R.L. Cabrini. An experimental study of the dissemination of Titanium and Zirconium in the body; Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine, Volume 13, Number 8, 2002).
Additional data show distribution of several different zirconium compounds through the body with main presence in bone and liver, but also in spleen, kidney and lungs (Spiegl et al, 1956, Hamilton, 1948 (Hamilton, J.G. The Metabolic Properties of the Fission Products and Actinide Elements, University of California, Radioation Laboratory, W-7405-eng-48A-I, 1948) and Dobson et al., 1948 (Dobson, E.L. et al., Studies with Colloids Containing Radioisotopes of Yttrium, Zirconium, Columbium and Lanthaum: 2. The Controlled Selective Localization of Radioisotopes of Yttrium, Zirconium, Columbium in the Bone Marrow, Liver and Spleen,
University of California, Radioation Laboratory, W-7405-eng-48A, 1948)). These data should be treated with care as substances were mainly administered via injection and thus not only the chemical but also the physical form which becomes systemically available might be different compared to administration via the oral, dermal or inhalation route.
Excretion
Based on available physico-chemical data it is difficult to predict whether the main route of elimination (after absorption) will be via the kidneys or bile. Data on Zirconium dichloride oxide, a soluble form, suggest that absorbed Zirconium will be excreted via the kidneys (Delongeas et al., 1983).
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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