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EC number: 249-949-4 | CAS number: 29911-27-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
Dermal penetration study (in vivo) on DPnP
Supporting toxicokinetics data from structurally related substances, Di propylene glycol n-butyl ether (DPnB) and Dipropylene glycol methyl ether (DPM)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Bioaccumulation potential:
- no bioaccumulation potential
- Absorption rate - oral (%):
- 100
- Absorption rate - dermal (%):
- 20
- Absorption rate - inhalation (%):
- 100
Additional information
There are no toxicokinetics studies available for DPnP. However, data on two category members, DPnB and DPM are available and these are used to provide an insight into the likely ADME characteristics of DPnP. Both oral and inhalation absorption rates were set at 100%. Dermal absorption rate was set at 20%. For detailed information, refer to read-across justification document for P-series glycol ethers.
Absorption:
Oral:
Based on its MW of 176, high water solubility, lack of charge and log Kow of 0.88 it is predicted that DPnP would be readily absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. This is consistent with the data on DPM and DPnB, both of which are >90% bioavailable via the oral route. Therefore, 100% absorption is assumed by this route.
Inhalation:
The vapour pressure of DPnP is low (10 Pa) and therefore exposure to vapour is unlikely. However, due to its high water solubility and MW <200 it is predicted that if inhaled it would be well absorbed, and as such, 100% absorption is assumed via this route.
Dermal:
In a dermal absorption study of 14C-dipropylene glycol n-propyl ether (DPnP) in New Zealand White rabbits following a single 6-hour dermal exposure, a total of 86-90% of the administered radioactivity applied was recovered. The majority of the applied radioactivity, 61-72%, was recovered in the 6-hour application-site wash material, jacket, and occlusive bandage. A mean of 19% of the administered radioactivity was absorbed and detected in the feces/urine, CO2, charcoal traps, tissues, cage wash, and final cage wash. The majority (12%) of the absorbed administered dose was in the combined feces/urine sample, with evidence suggesting urine is the primary route of elimination. A total of 5% of the administered dose was recovered in the CO2 and charcoal traps. Derived radioactivity from absorbed 14C-DPnP was quickly eliminated, with the majority recovered within 24 hours of application. The data is indicative of dermal absorption of undiluted 14C-DPnP when applied dermally to rabbits. Based on these findings a dermal bioavailability of 20% is assumed.
Metabolism:
There are no metabolism data available for DPnP. However data are available on category members, DPM and DPnB and these data show consistency in the way these substances are metabolised.
DPM:
After oral dosing of C14 radiolabelled DPM, the expired air, excreta and tissues were analysed for 14C activity and metabolites in urine were isolated and identified. Approximately 60% of the 14C DPM was excreted in urine, while 27% was eliminated as 14CO2 within 48 hours after an oral dose of 14C DPM. Less than 3% of the dose was recovered in feces, indicating that the test material was effectively absorbed. The primary metabolic process is the hydrolysis of the Ether bonds. This results in the production of dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol methyl ether, (PGME), propylene glycol and CO2. Only a small percentage of the absorbed dose (3%) is excreted unchanged in the urine. In addition to the hydrolysis, sulphate and glucuronide conjugates are also formed (approximately 18% of the absorbed dose).
DPnB:
The disposition and metabolism and excretion of 14C-DPnB (dipropylene glycol n-butyl ether) was assessed in male Fischer-344 rats after a single oral dose of 0.4 or 4.4 mmol DPnB/kg BW. Urine, faeces, expired air, blood and tissues were collected and analyzed for total 14C-activity. Urinary metabolites were identified structurally. The following urinary metabolites were identified: the sulfate conjugate of DPnB, propylene glycol n-butyl ether, dipropylene glycol, and propylene. Also parent material was found in the urine. These findings are highly consistent with those of DPM, indicating a common metabolic pathway for these glycol ethers.
Based on the consistency in the metabolism between DPM and DPnB it is predicted that DPnP will be extensively metabolised in the liver, with the major metabolites being sulphate conjugates, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol, propylene glycol butyl ether and CO2.
Distribution:
The Log Kow of DPnP is 0.88 and it is highly water soluble. This indicates that it is unlikely ot accumulate in tissues and will tend to move with the body fluids. In the toxicokinetics study with DPnB, radiolabled material was found in the carcas after 48 hours, and the highest concentrations were in the liver, kidneys and bone marrow. However there was no evidence of accumulation in these or any other tissues.
Excretion:
No data area available for DPnP, however in the toxicokinetics studies using DPnB and DPM it is apparent that the 2 main routes of excretion are urine and CO2, with approximately 40 -60% excreted in the urine and 30 -40% in the exhaled air. The excretion of these substances appears to be rapid with approximately 90% of the absorbed dose excreted within 48 hours. This would indicate half lives for excretion (assuming linearity) of approximately 14 -16 hours.
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