Strategija održivosti u području kemikalija

Europska komisija donijela je svoju strategiju održivosti u području kemikalija 14. listopada 2020. Strategija je jedan korak EU-a prema ostvarenju cilja nulte stope onečišćenja u Europi, ključne obveze iz europskog zelenog plana, te se njome nastoji bolje zaštititi građane i okoliš od štetnih kemikalija, kao i osnažiti inovacije promicanjem upotrebe sigurnijih i održivijih kemikalija.

Europski zeleni plan nova je strategija rasta EU-a. Njome će se Europa pretvoriti u održivo i ugljično neutralno gospodarstvo, a istodobno će se odgovoriti na gospodarsku krizu i posljedice pandemije bolesti COVID-19.

Kemikalije su sastavni elementi proizvoda koje upotrebljavamo kao i visokotehnoloških materijala potrebnih za kružno i klimatski neutralno gospodarstvo. Proizvodnja kemikalija je i energetski i ugljično intenzivan industrijski sektor. Prelaskom na kemikalije i proizvodne tehnologije za koje je potrebno manje energije ograničit će se emisije, što znači da je za zeleni plan potrebna „prava” kemija.

Kao specijalizirana agencija EU-a, ECHA doprinosi strategiji svojim znanstvenim i regulatornim stručnim znanjem, bazama podataka, digitalnim alatima i mrežama te praktičnim iskustvom s propisima o kemikalijama, kada se od nje to traži.

Kao organizacija EU-a i poslodavac, ECHA se obvezala na provedbu europskog zelenog plana tako što će proširiti svoj ekološki certifikat sudjelovanjem u sustavu upravljanja okolišem i neovisnog ocjenjivanja EU-a (EMAS) te postati klimatski neutralna do 2030.

 

Key actions

The Commission’s strategy provides an action plan to:

  • Ban the most harmful chemicals in consumer products – allowing those chemicals only where their use is essential.
  • Pay attention to the cocktail effect of chemicals when assessing chemical risks.
  • Phase out per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in the EU, unless their use is essential.
  • Boost investment and innovative capacity for the production and use of chemicals that are safe and sustainable by design throughout their lifecycle.
  • Promote the EU’s supply and sustainability of critical chemicals.
  • Establish a simpler “one substance, one assessment” process for assessing the risks and hazards of chemicals.
  • Play a leading role globally by championing and promoting high chemical safety standards and not exporting chemicals banned in the EU.
ECHA’s contribution to the work

The Commission has asked ECHA to take an active role in the following work areas:

  • Developing criteria for chemicals that are safe and sustainable by design.
  • Assessing how to introduce mixture assessment factors in REACH.
  • Establishing a “one substance, one assessment” process to coordinate hazard and risk assessment across chemicals legislation.
  • Developing an indicator framework on chemicals as part of the Zero Pollution and 8th Environment Action Programme monitoring framework.
  • Improving enforcement of chemicals legislation.
  • Developing a strategic research and innovation agenda for chemicals.
  • Developing EU-wide human and environmental biomonitoring in the context of the Partnership for the Assessment of Risk from Chemicals (PARC).
  • Establishing an EU chemical early warning and action system.

In addition, ECHA will provide scientific and technical support for the impact assessment on planned revisions to REACH and CLP.

REACH revision

ECHA will support the amendment of REACH information requirements for substances that have critical hazard properties. The Agency is also involved in preparatory work for extending the registration duty to certain polymers, which currently do not need to be registered under REACH. 

The Agency is a member in steering groups for studies and assessments on:
 

  • information on volumes, uses, exposure/emissions and environmental footprint in REACH registrations;
  • derived minimal effect levels (DMELs) for certain substances; and  
  • introducing a mixture assessment factor.

To improve the evaluation of chemicals, ECHA will provide information on the functioning of dossier and substance evaluation to the Commission with proposals to develop the two processes further.  

To develop the use of the generic approach to risk management, ECHA will gather information on uses of certain hazardous substances. It will furthermore support the Commission in developing options to reform authorisation and restrictions. Additionally, the Agency will contribute to the development of criteria for essential uses of substances.

Until the generic approach to risk management is introduced and applicable in REACH, ECHA supports the development of criteria for prioritising substances and groups of substances for restrictions to establish a restrictions roadmap.

CLP revision

ECHA will assist the Commission in revising and developing new hazard criteria under the CLP Regulation for: 

  • persistent, mobile and toxic (PMT) and very persistent and very mobile substances (vPvM);
  • terrestrial organisms;
  • immunotoxicity and developmental neurotoxicity;
  • endocrine disrupters; and
  • persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic (PBT) and very persistent, very bioaccumulative substances (vPvB).

The Agency will assess the information it has available to identify substances that qualify for the new and further hazard classes or criteria and, where possible, set up a list of these substances.