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EC number: - | CAS number: 20126-76-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
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- Endpoint summary
- Stability
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- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://poisoncentres.echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_toxicological-information.png)
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Skin irritation/corrosion (OECD 439 and OECD 431): irritating
Eye irritation (OECD 405): irritating
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Skin irritation / corrosion
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- skin corrosion: in vitro / ex vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 12 May - 16 Jun 2016
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 431 (In Vitro Skin Corrosion: Reconstructed Human Epidermis (RHE) Test Method)
- Version / remarks:
- adopted 28 July 2015
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: EU B.40 bis (In Vitro Skin Corrosion: Human Skin Model Test)
- Version / remarks:
- Commission Regulation (EC) No 440/2008 of 30 May 2008
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- Hess. Ministerium für Umwelt, Klimaschutz, Landwirtschaft und Verbraucherschutz, Wiesbaden, Germany
- Test system:
- human skin model
- Source species:
- human
- Cell type:
- non-transformed keratinocytes
- Cell source:
- other: EpiDerm™ (EPI-200)
- Source strain:
- not specified
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Details on test system:
- RECONSTRUCTED HUMAN EPIDERMIS (RHE) TISSUE
- Model used: EpiDerm™ (MatTek Corporation, Bratislava, Slovakia)
- Tissue batch number: 23341
- Delivery date: 14 June 2016
- Date of initiation of testing: 14 June 2016
TEMPERATURE USED FOR TEST SYSTEM
- Temperature used during treatment / exposure: room temperature (3 ± 0.5 min exposure), 37 ± 1.5 °C (60 ± 5 min exposure)
REMOVAL OF TEST MATERIAL AND CONTROLS
-Volume and number of washing steps: Tissues were gently rinsed using a wash bottle containing DPBS to remove any residual test material (20 times).
MTT DYE USED TO MEASURE TISSUE VIABILITY AFTER TREATMENT / EXPOSURE
- MTT concentration: 1 mg/mL
- Incubation time: 3 h
- Spectrophotometer: microplate reader (Versamax, Molecular Devices, SoftMax Pro Enterprise v.4.7.1)
- Wavelength: 570 nm
- Filter: without reference filter
FUNCTIONAL MODEL CONDITIONS WITH REFERENCE TO HISTORICAL DATA
- Viability: The quality of the EpiDerm™ tissue was assessed by undertaking an MTT cell viability test. The determined OD (540 - 570 nm) was 1.908 ± 0.185 (acceptance criteria: 1.0 - 3.0).
- Barrier function: The barrier function was assessed by determination of the exposure time required to reduce tissue viability by 50% (ET-50) upon application of 100 µL of 1% Triton X-100. The ET-50 value was determined to be 6.17 h (acceptance criteria: 4.77-8.72 h).
- Contamination: The cells used to produce the EpiDerm™ tissue were screened for the presence of viruses, bacteria, yeast and other fungi.
NUMBER OF REPLICATE TISSUES: 2
CONTROL TISSUES USED IN CASE OF MTT DIRECT INTERFERENCE
Since the test substance did not directly reduce MTT, an additional test with freeze-killed or viable tissues was not performed.
NUMBER OF INDEPENDENT TEST SEQUENCES / EXPERIMENTS TO DERIVE FINAL PREDICTION: single experiment
PREDICTION MODEL / DECISION CRITERIA
- The test substance is considered to be corrosive to skin if the viability after 3 minutes exposure is less than 50%, or if the viability after 3 minutes exposure is greater than or equal to 50% and the viability after 1 hour exposure is less than 15%.
- The test substance is considered to be non-corrosive to skin if the viability after 3 minutes exposure is greater or equal than 50% and the viability after 1 hour exposure is greater or equal than 15%. - Control samples:
- yes, concurrent negative control
- yes, concurrent positive control
- Amount/concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Amount applied: 50 µL
NEGATIVE CONTROL
- Amount applied: 50 µL
POSITIVE CONTROL
- Amount applied: 50 µL
- Concentration: 8 N - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 3 ± 0.5 min and 60 ± 5 min
- Number of replicates:
- in duplicates for each treatment and control group
- Irritation / corrosion parameter:
- % tissue viability
- Remarks:
- mean value of 2 tissues
- Run / experiment:
- 3 min exposure
- Value:
- 114.8
- Vehicle controls validity:
- not applicable
- Negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Irritation / corrosion parameter:
- % tissue viability
- Remarks:
- mean value of 2 tissues
- Run / experiment:
- 60 min exposure
- Value:
- 22
- Vehicle controls validity:
- not applicable
- Negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Other effects / acceptance of results:
- OTHER EFFECTS
- Direct-MTT reduction: Since the test substance did not directly reduce MTT, an additional test with freeze-killed or viable tissues was not performed.
- Colour interference with MTT: The test substance did not change colour, when mixed with deionised water and thus passed the colour interference pre-test.
ACCEPTANCE OF RESULTS:
- Acceptance criteria met for negative control: The mean negative control OD, both for the 3 and 60 min exposure period, was in the range of ≥ 0.8 and ≤ 2.8 for every exposure time thereby confirming the acceptable quality of the tissues.
- Acceptance criteria met for positive control: Exposure to the positive control induced a decrease in the relative absorbance as compared to the negative control, both for the 3 min exposure period (28.8%) and for the 60 min exposure period (7.4%) thus confirming the validity of the test system and the specific batch of tissue models.
- Acceptance criteria met for variability between replicate measurements: The coefficient of variation in the range 20 – 100% viability between tissue replicates was < 30%, thus the validity of the test system and the specific batch of the tissue models is confirmed. - Interpretation of results:
- other: non-corrosive according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of the conducted test, the test substance did not possess corrosive properties towards reconstructed human epidermis tissue in the EpiDerm™ model.
- Executive summary:
The skin corrosion potential of the test substance was assessed by an in vitro skin corrosion test using a human skin model according to OECD Guideline 431 and in compliance with GLP (2016). After treatment of the tissues with the test substance the mean relative absorbance value did not decrease (114.8%) after 3 min exposure compared to the negative control. After 1 h exposure the relative absorbance value was reduced to 22.0%. Both values did not exceed the threshold for corrosivity and therefore the test substance is not considered to be corrosive to the skin.
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation: in vitro / ex vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 06 Jan - 03 Feb 2017
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 439 (In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Test Method)
- Version / remarks:
- adopted 28 Jul 2015
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.46 (In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Model Test)
- Version / remarks:
- (Commission Regulation (EC) No 440/2008 of 30 May 2008, 1st ATP 2009)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- Hess. Ministerium für Umwelt, Klimaschutz, Landwirtschaft und Verbraucherschutz, Wiesbaden, Germany
- Test system:
- human skin model
- Source species:
- human
- Cell type:
- non-transformed keratinocytes
- Cell source:
- other: EpiDerm™ (EPI-200)
- Source strain:
- not specified
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Details on test system:
- RECONSTRUCTED HUMAN EPIDERMIS (RHE) TISSUE
- Model used: EpiDerm™ (EPI-200) (MatTek Corporation, Bratislava, Slovakia)
- Tissue batch number: 23390
- Delivery date: 31 Jan 2017
- Date of initiation of testing: 31 Jan 2017
TEMPERATURE USED FOR TEST SYSTEM
- Temperature used during treatment / exposure: 37 ± 1.5 °C for 35 min in the incubator; thereafter at room temperature for 25 min in a sterile bench
REMOVAL OF TEST MATERIAL AND CONTROLS
- Volume and number of washing steps: Tissues were gently rinsed with DPBS at least 15 times in order to remove any residual test material. After the rinsing the inserts were submerged in DPBS at least 3 times. Afterwards the inserts were once again rinsed with DPBS from the inside and the outside.
MTT DYE USED TO MEASURE TISSUE VIABILITY AFTER TREATMENT / EXPOSURE
- MTT concentration: 1 mg/mL
- Incubation time: 3 h
- Spectrophotometer: microplate reader (Versamax, Molecular Devices, Softmax Pro v.4.7.1)
- Wavelength: 570 nm
FUNCTIONAL MODEL CONDITIONS WITH REFERENCE TO HISTORICAL DATA
- Viability: The quality of the EpiDerm tissue was assessed by undertaking an MTT cell viability test. The determined OD (540 - 570 nm) was 1.581 ± 0.226 (acceptance criteria: 1.0 - 3.0).
- Barrier function: The barrier function was assessed by determination of the exposure time required to reduce tissue viability by 50% (ET-50) upon application of 100 µL of 1% Triton X-100. The ET-50 value was determined to be 6.79 h (acceptance criteria: 4.77-8.72 h).
- Contamination: The cells used to produce the EpiDerm tissue were screened for the presence of viruses, bacteria, yeast and other fungi.
NUMBER OF REPLICATE TISSUES: 3
CONTROL TISSUES USED IN CASE OF MTT DIRECT INTERFERENCE
Since the test substance did not directly reduce MTT, an additional test with freeze-killed tissues was not performed.
NUMBER OF INDEPENDENT TEST SEQUENCES / EXPERIMENTS TO DERIVE FINAL PREDICTION: single experiment
PREDICTION MODEL / DECISION CRITERIA
- The test substance is considered to be irritant to skin if the viability after 1 hour exposure is less or equal than 50%. - Control samples:
- yes, concurrent negative control
- yes, concurrent positive control
- Amount/concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Amount applied: 30 µL
NEGATIVE CONTROL
- Amount applied: 30 µL
POSITIVE CONTROL
- Amount applied: 30 µL
- Concentration: 5% aqueous solution - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 60 min
- Duration of post-treatment incubation (if applicable):
- approx. 42 h
- Number of replicates:
- triplicates for each treatment and control group
- Irritation / corrosion parameter:
- % tissue viability
- Remarks:
- mean value of 3 tissues
- Run / experiment:
- 60 min exposure
- Value:
- 2.7
- Vehicle controls validity:
- not applicable
- Negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Other effects / acceptance of results:
- OTHER EFFECTS:
- Direct-MTT reduction: The test substance was not considered to be a MTT reducer.
- Colour interference with MTT: The test substance did not dye water when mixed with it. Also its intrinsic colour was not intensive.
ACCEPTANCE OF RESULTS:
- Acceptance criteria met for negative control: After treatment with the negative control, the absorbance values (1.522, 1.439 and 1.509) were well within the required acceptability criterion of mean OD ≥ 0.8 and ≤ 2.8 for the 60 min treatment interval thus showing the quality of the tissues.
- Acceptance criteria met for positive control: Treatment with the positive control induced a decrease in the relative absorbance as compared to the negative control to 2.2% thus confirming the validity of the test system.
- Acceptance criteria met for variability between replicate measurements: The relative standard deviations between the % variability values of the test substance, the positive and negative controls in the main test were 3% at the highest (threshold of OECD 439: <18%), thus ensuring the validity of the study. - Interpretation of results:
- other: irritating potential (Skin Irrit. 2 or Skin Corr. 1 according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008)
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of the conducted test, the test substance possessed irritating properties towards reconstructed human epidermis tissue in the EpiDerm™ model.
- Executive summary:
The skin irritation potential of the test substance was determined by an in vitro skin irritation test using a reconstructed human skin model according to OECD Guideline 439 and in compliance with GLP (2017). After treatment with the test substance for 60 min the tissue viability decreased to 2.7% compared to the negative control (threshold for irritancy ≤ 50%).Therefore, the test substance is considered to possess an irritant potential towards human-derived epidermal keratinocytes.
Referenceopen allclose all
Table 2. Results after treatment with the test substance and controls
Test group |
Absorbance at 570 nm* |
Mean absorbance of 2 tissues |
Coefficient of variation (%) |
Rel. absorbance (% of negative control)** |
|
Tissue 1 |
Tissue 2 |
||||
3 minutes treatment |
|||||
Negative control |
1.822 |
1.740 |
1.781 |
3.3 |
100.0 |
Positive control |
0.412 |
0.615 |
0.513 |
27.8 |
28.8 |
Test substance |
2.028 |
2.061 |
2.045 |
1.2 |
114.8 |
60 minutes treatment |
|||||
Negative control |
1.789 |
1.904 |
1.846 |
4.4 |
100.0 |
Positive control |
0.141 |
0.132 |
0.136 |
4.8 |
7.4 |
Test substance |
0.467 |
0.346 |
0.407 |
21.1 |
22.0 |
* Mean of three replicate wells after blank correction (blank after 3 and 60 min exposure was 0.039 and 0.036, respectively)
** Relative absorbance (rounded values): 100 × (absorbance test substance/positive control) / (absorbance negative control)
Table 2.Results after treatment with the test substance and controls
|
Mean absorbance at 570 nm *
|
Mean absorbance of 3 tissues blank corrected |
Rel. absorbance (%) ** |
Rel. SD (%) |
Mean Rel. absorbance (% of negative control)*** |
||||
Tissue 1 |
Tissue 2 |
Tissue 3 |
Tissue 1 |
Tissue 2 |
Tissue 3 |
||||
Negative control |
1.522 |
1.439 |
1.509 |
1.490 |
102.2 |
96.6 |
101.3 |
3.0 |
100.0 |
Positive control |
0.030 |
0.037 |
0.033 |
0.033 |
2.0 |
2.5 |
2.2 |
0.2 |
2.2 |
Test substance |
0.045 |
0.038 |
0.039 |
0.041 |
3.0 |
2.6 |
2.6 |
0.2 |
2.7 |
* Mean of 3 replicate wells after blank correction (mean blank value: 0.037)
** Relative absorbance per tissue (rounded values): 100 × (absorbance tissue) / (mean absorbance negative control)
*** Relative absorbance per treatment group (rounded values): 100 × (mean absorbance test item/positive control) / (mean absorbance negative control)
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- adverse effect observed (irritating)
Eye irritation
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- eye irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 6 - 21 Nov 2000
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion)
- Version / remarks:
- Feb 1987
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.5 (Acute Toxicity: Eye Irritation / Corrosion)
- Version / remarks:
- Jan 1997
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Ministry of Agriculture, Environmental Protection and Regional Planning, Potsdam, Germany
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- other: Chbb:HM(SPF) - Littlerussian
- Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Weight at study initiation: 2.0 - 2.1 kg
- Housing: individually in PPO cages (floor area: 2576 cm²) with perforated floor
- Diet: Altromin 2123 (Altromin, Lage, Germany), ad libitum
- Water: domestic quality drinking water acidified with hydrochloric acid to pH 2.5, ad libitum
- Acclimation period: at least one week
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 20 ± 3
- Humidity (%): 55 ± 15
- Air changes (per hr): 10
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12 / 12 - Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Controls:
- yes, concurrent no treatment
- Amount / concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Amount applied: 0.1 mL - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 24 hours
- Observation period (in vivo):
- 7 days
Reading time points: 1, 24, 48 and 72 hours and 7 days after treatment - Number of animals or in vitro replicates:
- 4 females
- Details on study design:
- REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing: 20 mL 0.9% sodium chloride solution was used
- Time after start of exposure: 24 hours
SCORING SYSTEM: Draize scoring system
TOOL USED TO ASSESS SCORE: fluorescein - Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0.7
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 72 h
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0.3
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 48 h
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 1.3
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 7 days
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- animal #4
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 1
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 7 days
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- animal: #1, #3 and #4
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 1
- Max. score:
- 2
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 7 days
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0.7
- Max. score:
- 2
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 72 h
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 2.33
- Max. score:
- 3
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 7 days
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Basis:
- animal: #2 and #4
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 2
- Max. score:
- 3
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 7 days
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 2.7
- Max. score:
- 3
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 7 days
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 2.3
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 7 days
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 1
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 7 days
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 2
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 7 days
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- animal #4
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 1.7
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 7 days
- Irritant / corrosive response data:
- One hour after application of the test substance animal No. 1 showed easily discernible translucent areas with slightly obscured details of iris on more than one quarter, but less than half of the cornea, an iris with markedly deepened folds, congestion, swelling, moderate circumcorneal injection and existence of reaction to light, a diffuse beefy red conjunctiva, a swelling with lids more than half closed and a discharge with moistening of the lids and hairs, and considerable area around the eye. In animal No. 2 a scattered or diffuse area of opacity on more than one quarter, but less than half of the cornea, an iris with markedly deepened folds, congestion, swelling, moderate circumcorneal injection and existence of reaction to light, a diffuse, crimson red conjunctiva with individual vessels not easily discernible, an obvious swelling with partial eversion of lids and a discharge with moistening of the lids and hairs, and considerable area around the eye were observed. Animal No.3 showed easily discernible translucent areas with slightly obscured details of iris on more than one quarter, but less than half of the cornea, an iris with markedly deepened folds, congestion, swelling, moderate circumcorneal injection and existence of reaction to light, a diffuse beefy red conjunctiva, a swelling with lids about half closed and a discharge with moistening of the lids and hairs, and considerable area around the eye. In animal No. 4 a scattered or diffuse area of opacity on more than one quarter, but less than half, an iris with markedly deepened folds, congestion, swelling, moderate circumcorneal injection and existence of reaction lights, a diffuse beefy red conjunctiva, a swelling with lids about half closed and a discharge with moistening of the lids and hairs, and considerable area around the eye were observed.
24 hours after application of the test substance animal No. 1 showed a scattered or diffuse area of opacity on more than three quarters of the cornea, an iris with markedly deepened folds, congestion, swelling, moderate circumcorneal injection and existence of reaction to light, a diffuse beefy red conjunctiva, a swelling with lids about half closed and a discharge different from normal. In animal No. 2 a scattered or diffuse area of opacity on one quarter or less of the cornea, an iris with markedly deepened folds, congestion, swelling, moderate circumcorneal injection and existence of reaction to light, a diffuse, crimson red conjunctiva with individual vessels not easily discernible as well as a swelling above normal were observed. Animal No. 3 showed easily discernible translucent areas with slightly obscured details of iris on more than one quarter, but less than half of the cornea, an iris with markedly deepened folds, congestion, swelling, moderate circumcorneal injection and existence of reaction to light, a diffuse beefy red conjunctiva, a swelling with lids about half closed and a discharge with moistening of the lids and hairs just adjacent to lids. In animal No. 4 a scattered or diffuse area of opacity on more than one quarter, but less than half of the cornea, an iris with markedly deepened folds, congestion, swelling, moderate circumcorneal injection and existence of reaction to light, a diffuse beefy red conjunctiva, an obvious swelling with partial eversion of lids and a discharge different from normal were observed. After instillation of fluorescein animal No. 1 showed a scattered or diffuse area of opacity on more than three quarters of the cornea. A scattered or diffuse area of opacity was observed on one quarter or less of the cornea in animal No. 2 and on more than half, but less than three quarters of the cornea in animal No. 3. Animal No. 4 showed a scattered or diffuse area of opacity on more than one quarter, but less than half of the cornea.
48 hours alter application of the test substance in animal No. 1 showed a scattered or diffuse area of opacity on more than three quarters of the cornea, an iris with markedly deepened folds, congestion, swelling, moderate circumcorneal injection and existence of reaction to light, a diffuse, crimson red conjunctiva with individual vessels not easily discernible as well as an obvious swelling with partial eversion of lids. In animal No. 2 an iris with markedly deepened folds, congestion, swelling, moderate circumcorneal injection and existence of reaction to light, a diffuse, crimson red conjunctiva with individual vessels not easily discernible as well as a swelling above normal were observed. In animal No. 3 a scattered or diffuse area of opacity on more than one quarter, but less than half of the cornea, an iris with markedly deepened folds, congestion swelling, moderate circumcorneal injection and existence of reaction to light, a diffuse beefy red conjunctiva, an obvious swelling with partial eversion of lids and a discharge with moistening of the lids and hairs just adjacent to lids were observed. Animal No. 4 showed a scattered or diffuse area of opacity on more than one quarter, but less than half of the cornea, an iris with markedly deepened folds, congestion, swelling, moderate circumcorneal injection and existence of reaction to light, a diffuse, crimson red conjunctiva with individual vessels not easily discernible, an obvious swelling with partial eversion of lids and a discharge different from normal. After instillation of fluorescein in animal No. 1 a scattered or diffuse area of opacity on more than one quarter, but less than half of the cornea, was observed. Animals No. 3 and No. 4 showed a scattered or diffuse area of opacity on one quarter or less of the cornea.
At 72 hours an iris with markedly deepened folds, congestion, swelling, moderate circumcorneal injection and existence of reaction to light, a diffuse, crimson red conjunctiva with individual vessels not easily discernible as well as an obvious swelling with partial eversion of lids were observed in animal No. 1. Animal No. 2 showed a diffuse, crimson red conjunctiva with individual vessels not easily discernible as well as a swelling above normal. In animal No. 3 a scattered or diffuse area of opacity on more than one quarter, but less than half of the cornea, an iris with markedly deepened folds, congestion, swelling, moderate circumcorneal injection and existence of reaction to light, a diffuse, crimson red conjunctiva with individual vessels not easily discernible, a swelling above normal and a discharge different from normal were observed. Animal No. 4 showed a scattered or diffuse area of opacity on more than one quarter, but less than half of the cornea, an iris with markedly deepened folds, congestion, swelling, moderate circumcorneal injection and existence of reaction to light, some conjunctival vessels definitely injected and a swelling above normal. After instillation of fluorescein in animal No. 1 a scattered or diffuse area of opacity on one quarter or less of the cornea was observed.
7 days after application of the test substance all four animals were free of any signs of eye Irritation. - Interpretation of results:
- other: Eye Irrit. Cat. 2 according to Regulation (EC) 1272/2008
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of this eye irritation study in rabbits the test substance was irritating to the eye.
- Executive summary:
The individual mean scores after 24, 48 and 72 h are for corneal opacity 0.7, 0.3, 1.3, 1.0, for iris lesion 1.0, 0.7, 1.0, 1.0, for conjunctival redness 2.3, 2.0, 2.7, 2.00 and for chemosis 2.3, 1.0, 2.0, 1.7. All ocular lesions were fully reversible within 7 days. Therefore, the test substance is considered to be irritating to the eye.
Reference
Table 1. Results of the eye irritation study
Animal |
Time (h) |
Conjunctivae |
Cornea |
Iris |
|
Redness |
Chemosis |
||||
1 |
1 |
3 |
4 |
2 |
1 |
24 |
3 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
|
48 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
|
72 |
2 |
2 |
0 |
1 |
|
Average 24+48+72 |
2.3 |
2.3 |
0.7 |
1.0 |
|
2 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
24 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
|
48 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
|
72 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
|
Average 24+48+72 |
2.0 |
1.0 |
0.3 |
0.7 |
|
3 |
1 |
3 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
24 |
3 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
|
48 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
|
72 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
|
Average 24+48+72 |
2.7 |
2.0 |
1.3 |
1.0 |
|
4 |
1 |
3 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
24 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
|
48 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
|
72 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
|
Average 24+48+72 |
2.0 |
1.7 |
1.0 |
1.0 |
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- adverse effect observed (irritating)
Respiratory irritation
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Additional information
Skin
The skin corrosion potential of the test substance was assessed by an in vitro skin corrosion test using a human skin model according to OECD Guideline 431 and in compliance with GLP (2016). After treatment of the tissues with the test substance the mean relative absorbance value did not decrease (114.8%) after 3 min exposure compared to the negative control. After 1 h exposure the relative absorbance value was reduced to 22.0%. Both values did not exceed the threshold for corrosivity and therefore the test substance is not considered to be corrosive to the skin.
In a next step, the skin irritation potential of the test substance was determined by an in vitro skin irritation test using a reconstructed human skin model according to OECD Guideline 439 and in compliance with GLP (2017). After treatment with the test substance for 60 min the tissue viability decreased to 2.7% compared to the negative control (threshold for irritancy ≤ 50%).Therefore, the test substance is considered to possess an irritant potential towards human-derived epidermal keratinocytes.
In conclusion, based on the available data on skin irritation/corrosion, the test substance is considered to be irritating to skin and therefore classified as Skin Irrit. 2 (H315) according to CLP.
Eye
The eye irritation potential was tested in an acute eye irritation/corrosion test in four rabbits according to OECD Guideline 405 and in compliance with GLP (2000). After treatment with 0.1 mL of the test substance
The individual mean scores after 24, 48 and 72 h are for corneal opacity 0.7, 0.3, 1.3, 1.0, for iris lesion 1.0, 0.7, 1.0, 1.0, for conjunctival redness 2.3, 2.0, 2.7, 2.0 and for chemosis 2.3, 1.0, 2.0, 1.7. All ocular lesions were fully reversible within 7 days. Therefore, the test substance is considered to be irritating to the eye.
Justification for classification or non-classification
The available data on skin irritation of the test substance meet the criteria for classification as Skin Irrit. 2 (H315) according to Regulation (EC) 1272/2008.
The available data on eye irritation of the test substance meet the criteria for classification as Eye Irrit. 2 (H319) according to Regulation (EC) 1272/2008.
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