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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 940-822-5 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://poisoncentres.echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_toxicological-information.png)
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Bioaccumulation potential:
- no bioaccumulation potential
Additional information
Basic toxicokinetics
A number of publications are available from the 1950-1960s in which the fat digestion and absorption processes are examined. These publications are added to the FAV-ES dossier as they are carried out using some of the substances identified as source substances for the read-across. The findings of these toxicokinetic experiments are summarized below. They have contributed to the current knowledge of the physiological processes involved in digestion and absorption of lipids. Due to the functional similarity between the constituens of FAV-ES and the examined substances, it can reasonably be assumed that the same metabolic pathways apply to FAV-ES.
Metabolism through lipase activity
The activity of pancreatic and other lipases towards the hydrolysis of different types of triglycerides has been studied. Cohen et al. compared the properties of gastric lipase with those of duodenal lipases (Cohen, 1971) in an in vitro experiment with human gastric and duodenal juices. The authors demonstrated that the pancreatic (duodenal) lipase was in general more active than the gastric lipase. Furthermore, it was shown that both the gastric and the duodenal (pancreatic) lipase are able to hydrolyse the medium chain triglycerides, whereas the long chain triglycerides are only hydrolysed by the pancreatic lipase.
Mattson and Volpenheim studied the in vitro hydrolysis of esters of fatty acids and primary n-alcohols of different chain length (Mattson and Volpenheim, 1969). In this in vitro experiment, the test substrate was added to a digestion mixture containing pancreatic lipase. The substrates involved in the test included inter alia esters of n-butanol with fatty acids with a varying chain length of C3 to C16, and C18:1. Under the conditions of the test, all n-butanol fatty acid esters were found to undergo hydrolysis.
Absorption of lipid digestion products
In 1951, Borgström examined the mechanism of intestinal fat absorption (Borgström, 1951). It was found that after absorption, the lipids are transported via the lymphatic channels. The lymph does not contain free fatty acids. The author concluded that triglycerides might be completely hydrolysed in the intestinal lumen and then resynthesized in the intestinal wall.
In an other experiment, Mattson and Volpenheim compared the composition of administered triglycerides with the composition of the triglycerides that were collected from the lymph fluid of rats (Mattson and Volpenheim, 1961). The study confirmed that the triglycerides were hydrolysed and re-synthesized during the metabolic processes involved in lipid digestion. Furthermore, it was observed that absorption of fatty acids was greater when the rats were dosed with triglycerides, and lower when the animals received the free fatty acid.
Dermal absorption
The main factors determining the extent to which a substance may be absorbed following exposure via the dermal route are the vapour pressure, the log Kow and the water solubility.
Substances having a high vapour pressure will evaporate from the skin before absorption occurs. However, the target substances in FAV-ES all have a low vapour pressure, so if exposure to the skin occurs, the product will not be removed due to evaporation.
The parameters water solubility and log Kow have to be considered together. Indeed, in order to be absorbed via the skin, a substance needs to be sufficiently lipophilic (log Kow > 4) to enable penetration into the stratum corneum, but at the same time, it needs to have a sufficiently high water solubility (≥1 mg/L) to partition from the stratum corneum into the epidermis. The target substances in FAV-ES all have log Kow values that are sufficiently high to enable the uptake of the substances into the stratum corneum, but as the water solubility of the target substances is very low (10-1-10-21mg/L), partitioning from the stratum corneum into the epidermis is hampered.
As a consequence, uptake of the FAV-ES constituents following dermal exposure is likely to be low.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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