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EC number: 233-484-9 | CAS number: 10196-04-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Additional information
Read-across principle for sulfite-disulfite
In aqueous solutions, sulfite compounds are competely dissociated in into countercations ond the sulfite anion. At neutral pH, a mixture of approx. 50% sulfite (SO32-) and 50%bisulfite (HSO3-) is present. However, at concentrations above 1M, bisulfite anions will dimerise with the elimination of water to form metabisulfite (S2O52-). On the other hand, low concentration of metabisulfite bought into solution will dissolve and hydrolise to form bisulfite.
There is thus a (pH-dependent) equilibrium between different forms of S(IV), i.e., sulfite, bisulfite, metabisulfite and sulfur dioxide. In general, the predominant forms under physiological and environmental conditions are sulfite and bisulfite, irrespective of the initially applies form of S(IV).
Consequently, all ecotoxicity data that were generated using a (di)sulfite compound with low-toxic counter ions (e.g., potassium, sodium), can be pooled together and – when expressed as S(IV) or SO32-, used in a read-across approach for all (di-)sulfite compounds.
For the long-term assessment of these compounds, one has to take into account that sulfite is oxidized to sulfate either catalytically by air oxygen or by microbial action. Halflife in deionized water was determined to be 77h (Tsunogai, 971), and this period should be considered as a worst-case as the presence of cations like iron, copper or manganese in the environment significantly accellerates the oxidation rate (WHO, 1979). Zhang and Millero (1991) reported that the reaction is more than five times faster in seawater comparted to distilled water.
These processes are important when interpreting (long)term) toxicity data for sulfites: sulfite is rapidly oxydised to sulfate thereby consuming oxygen. Observed toxic effects may therefore be caused by either sulfite toxicity or lack of oxygen (or a combination of both).
Summary of acute toxicity data
Table below gives an overview of reliable toxicity data that were identified for sulfite/disulfite compounds.
Table: Overview of reliable acute toxicity data for sulfite/disulfite compounds.for hazard assessment purposes.
Species |
|
Parameter |
Endpoint |
Value (mg SO32-/L) |
Reference |
Salmo gairdneri |
Fish |
Mortality |
96h-LC50 |
149.6 |
BASF AG, 1989 |
Daphnia magna |
Invertebrate |
Immobility |
48h-EC50 |
74.9 |
BASF AG, 1990 |
Scenedesmus subspicatus |
algae |
Growth rate |
72h-EC50 |
36.8 |
BASF AG, 1989 |
Reliable acute data were available for three trophic levels: fish, aquatic invertebrates, aquatic algae and microorganisms. The lowest effect value was a 72h EC50 of 36.8 mg SO32-/L.
Summary of chronic toxicity data
An overview of the key species-specific chronic toxicity data for sulfites/disulfite compounds is given below. All relevant effects data are expressed as mg SO32-/L.
Table3: Overview of most sensitive species-specific EC10/NOEC-values for sulfite ion the freshwater environment
Species |
Trophic level |
NOEC/EC10 (mg SO32-/L) |
Reference |
Scenedesmus subspicatus |
Algae |
28 |
BASF, 1989 |
Daphnia magna |
Crustacea (invert.) |
≥8.41 |
BASF, 1990 |
Danio rerio |
Fish |
50.0 |
ECT, 2010 |
Three long-term results (e.g. NOECs) from species representing three trophic levels (algae, invertebrates, fish) are available. The lowest value for chronic toxicity was and unbounded NOEC of 8.41 mg SO32-/L.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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