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EC number: 906-170-0 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
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- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://poisoncentres.echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_toxicological-information.png)
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Effects on fertility
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- one-generation reproductive toxicity
- Remarks:
- based on test type (migrated information)
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Study under conditions similar to OECD Guideline 415; Study under GLP Regulation
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 415 [One-Generation Reproduction Toxicity Study (before 9 October 2017)]
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- See details in section "Principles of method if other than guideline"
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.34 (One-Generation Reproduction Toxicity Test)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- See details in section "Principles of method if other than guideline"
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- - Inhalation exposure.
- Male rats were also exposed until end of lactation period.
- Female rats were not exposed from gestation day 19 through postpartum day 3. - GLP compliance:
- yes
- Limit test:
- no
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- other: Crl:CD(SD)BR
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River, Kingston, NY;
- Age at study initiation: (P) 4 wks
- Housing: individually, except during mating (1 male, 1 female)
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): a libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum):ad libitum
- Acclimation period: 7 days
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 20 - 24°C
- Humidity (%): 40 - 70%
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12 - Route of administration:
- other: inhalation of vapor at lower (0.0, 0.16 and 0.40 mg/L) doses; inhalation of aerosol at highest dose (1mg/L)
- Type of inhalation exposure (if applicable):
- whole body
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Details on exposure:
- GENERATION OF TEST ATMOSPHERE / CHAMBER DESCRIPTION
- Exposure apparatus: 1.4 m³ stainless steel and glass NYU-style inhalation chamber
- System of generating particulates/aerosols: vapour generation: flash-evaporation in a tube maintained at 250-300°C; aerosol vapour: nebulizer
- Air flow rate:300 L/min
TEST ATMOSPHERE
- Brief description of analytical method used: sample collection: in acetone-filled impingers; analysis method: GC-FID
- Samples taken from breathing zone: yes - Details on mating procedure:
- - M/F ratio per cage: 1:1
- Length of cohabitation: 5 days
- Proof of pregnancy: vaginal plug day 1 of pregnancy
- After successful mating each pregnant female was caged (how): individually - Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- yes
- Details on analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- Samples of atmospheric DBE were taken from the rat breathing zone at approximately 60-minute intervals by drawing calibrated volumes of chamber atmosphere through fritted glass midget impingers containing acetone. Samples were analyzed using a Hewlett-Packard Model 5710 Gas Chromatograph (GC) equipped with a flame ionization detector. DBB was chromatographed isothermally at 150°C on a 3 ft x 2 mm ID glass
column packed with 10% SP-1000 on Chromasorb W-AW 100/120 mesh.
Chamber concentrations were determined by comparing the chamber sample GC response with that obtained from standard samples prepared by quantitative dilution of DBE in acetone. The DBE chamber concentration was calculated after measuring the peak area of the largest DBE component, dimethyl glutarate. In addition, the relative amounts of the 3 largest DBE components (dimethyl-glutarate, -adipate, and -succinate) were qualitatively
compared for each sample. - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- pre-breeding: 6 h per day
breeding, gestation, lactation: 6 h per day; - Frequency of treatment:
- pre-breeding: 5 days per week, 14 weeks;
breeding, gestation, lactation: 7 days per week, 8 weeks; - Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
0.0 (control), 0.16, 0.40, 1.0 mg/L
Basis:
nominal conc. - No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 20 males;
20 females; - Control animals:
- yes, concurrent no treatment
- Parental animals: Observations and examinations:
- CAGE SIDE OBSERVATIONS: Yes
- Time schedule: daily
DETAILED CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS: Yes
- Time schedule: daily
BODY WEIGHT: Yes
- Time schedule: weekly
FOOD CONSUMPTION AND COMPOUND INTAKE (if feeding study): No
OTHER:
Mating performance, fertility, gestation length, and lactation performance were assessed. - Oestrous cyclicity (parental animals):
- no data
- Sperm parameters (parental animals):
- no data
- Litter observations:
- STANDARDISATION OF LITTERS
- Performed on day 4 postpartum: yes
- If yes, maximum of 8 pups/litter (4/sex/litter as nearly as possible); excess pups were killed and discarded.
PARAMETERS EXAMINED
The following parameters were examined in F1 offspring: number and sex of pups, viability, weight - Postmortem examinations (parental animals):
- All parental animals were sacrificed by exanguation under chloroform anesthesia and examined for gross anatomic abnormalities.
Additionally, the nasal tissues were examined histologically; other tissues were examined grossly and saved.
Mean organ and organ-to-body ratios were calculated for the brain, heart, lungs, liver, spleen, kidneys, testes and thymus. - Postmortem examinations (offspring):
- Ten 21-day old arbitrarily selected pups of each sex per dose group were sacrificed by exanguination under chloroform anesthesia and examined for gross anatomic abnormalities.
Mean organ and organ-to-body ratios were calculated for the brain, liver, kidneys, and testes. - Statistics:
- For parental organ and body weight analyses, data were statistically analyzed by a one-way ANOVA. When the ratio of variance (F) indicated a significant group variation, test groups were compared with appropriate control group by least significant difference test for body weight data and by Dunnett's test for organ and final body weight data.
Litter data were analyzed by Mann-Whitney U-test.
Significance for statistical tests was judged at the 0.05 probability level. - Clinical signs:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Body weight and weight changes:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:
- no effects observed
- Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Other effects:
- not examined
- Reproductive function: oestrous cycle:
- not examined
- Reproductive function: sperm measures:
- not examined
- Reproductive performance:
- no effects observed
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEC
- Remarks:
- for systemic toxicity effects
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Sex:
- male/female
- Basis for effect level:
- other: based on the nasal histopathology data
- Remarks on result:
- not determinable
- Remarks:
- no NOAEC identified
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Remarks:
- for reproductive parameters
- Effect level:
- 1 mg/L air
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Sex:
- male/female
- Clinical signs:
- no effects observed
- Mortality / viability:
- no mortality observed
- Body weight and weight changes:
- no effects observed
- Sexual maturation:
- not examined
- Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:
- no effects observed
- Gross pathological findings:
- no effects observed
- Histopathological findings:
- no effects observed
- Reproductive effects observed:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- Reproduction in rats was not altered by repeated inhalation exposure to up to 1.0 mg/L DBE, a concentration that produced both body weight and histologic effects in parental rats.
- Executive summary:
Dibasic Esters (DBE) has been tested in a reproduction toxicity study on Crl:CD(SD)BR rats after inhalation exposure using a protocol similar to OECD guideline no 415 and EU method B34 in compliance with US TSCA Good Laboratory Practice.
Groups of 20 male and 20 female rats were exposed to DBE at concentrations of 0 (control), 0.16, 0.40 (maximum attainable vapor), or 1.0 mg/L (aerosol) in whole-body inhalation chambers. Exposures were conducted for 6 hours/day, 5 days/week for 14 weeks (pre-breeding) then 7 days/week for 8 weeks (through breeding, gestation, and lactation). The exposures were interrupted for female rats between gestation day 19 and postpartum day 3.
Parental examinations included clinical and cage side observations, body weight determination, and assessment of mating performance, fertility, gestation length, and lactation performance. The number and sex of pups, viability, and weight were determined. At the end of the lactation period, all parental rats and ten 21-day old pups of each sex were per group were killed and examined for gross abnormalities. Parental nose tissues were examined histopathologically.
No significant differences were observed between control and test rats with respect to mating performance, fertility, length of gestation, or progeny numbers, structure, and viability. Body weights of parental rats and of their offspring were reduced at 1.0 mg/L. The only histopathologic changes detected in the nasal tissues of the parental rats, was an exposure-related increase in squamous metaplasia in the olfactory epithelium. There was an increase in liver-to-body weight ratios in the two higher parental exposure groups and an increase in the lung-to-body weight ratio also seen at 1.0 mg/L.
From the results obtained, it can be concluded that reproduction in rats was not altered by repeated inhalation exposure to up to 1.0 mg/L DBE, a concentration that produced both body weight and histologic effects in parental rats.
Dibasic Esters (DBE) is not classified for reproduction according to the criteria of Directive 67/548/EC and EU Regulation No. 1272/2008 (CLP).
Reference
Body weights were decreased in the 0.40 mg/L group female rats during the last week of the study. Weights were slightly decreased in male and female rats in the 1.0 mg/L group starting around the seventh week of the study.
No unusual signs or behaviours that could be associated with exposure to DBE were seen in rats in any of the treated groups. Parental rats in the 1.0 g/L group showed wet fur during exposures from aerosol deposition. The fur dried about 2 hours after exposure.
REPRODUCTION PARAMETERS
No treatment-related differences were observed between the control and test groups with regard to male or female fertility, gestation length, litter sizes, viability, or lactation performance. A slight but statistically significant decrease in viability index at birth (number of pups born alive per number of pups born) was observed in the 0.16 mg/L DBE group but this was considered to be unrelated to DBE exposure because it was not seen at either of the two higher exposure concentrations. All pups delivered by both DBE-exposed and control rats appeared outwardly normal. Body weights at birth and weaning (21 days pp) were significantly lower in the 1.0 mg/L group.
The fertility rate in the control group was lower than that of the test groups (60% versus 75 to 90% for the test groups) and is low compared to historical rates for this laboratory. One potential contributing factor to the low fertility rate in the control group is that there were some males that never had the opportunity to mate with a subsequently proven fertile female; three of these males were in the control group, three in the 0.4 mg/L group, and two were in the 0.16 mg/L group. On the other hand all the males in the 1 mg/L group were mated with females who were subsequently proven to be fertile. Although the cause is uncertain, the control group low fertiIity rate did not impact the toxicity evaluation since the fertility rate in the DBE-exposed groups was well within historical limits.
PATHOLOGY
No gross pathologic changes were seen in any of either the parental rats or their offspring. Histopathologic evaluation of parental generation rat nasal tissues showed squamous metaplasia primarily in the olfactory epithelium in all groups exposed to DBE. The nasal effect was minimal in the 0.16 mg/L group rats and of mild to moderate severity in the 0.40 and 1.0 mg/L groups. The squamous metaplasia was characterized by a flattening and pavementing of epithelial cells which replaced the normal architecture of olfactory epithelium. In some cases, particularly in the 0.40 and 1.0 mg/L rats, this squamous change was accompanied by a very minimal to mild suppurative inflammation.
The squamous metaplasia was present primarily in the olfactory epithelium of the dorsal meatus, along the dorsal portion of the nasal septum, and on the tips of the ecto- and endoturbinates in the nasal cavity. There was also an increase in squamous metaplasia of the respiratory epithelium in the nasal cavity in the high-dose rats. The severity of the lesions ranged from absent-to-minimal up to moderate in some rats.
One male rat in the 1.0 mg/L group had a meningeal sarcoma surrounding the olfactory region of the brain. Because the tumor did not communicate with the nasal cavity and the tumor cell type was unrelated to any nasal epithelial cell types, the tumor was considered to be unrelated to inhalation of DBE.
ORGAN WEIGHTS
In parental rats, liver-to-body weight ratios were slightly lower than the controls in the rats exposed to either 0.40 and 1.0 mg/L. Other incidental differences between test and control rats included slight decreases in absolute heart and kidney weights in female rats in the 0.40 and 1.0 mg/L groups. A slight decrease in absolute spleen weight and a slight increase in relative brain weight were observed in females in the 1.0 mg/L group. These differences were not dose-related and may have been related to the slight body weight differences between the test and control groups and were considered of minimal biological significance.
Reproduction parameters in rats exposed to DBE by inhalation
Parameter |
DBE Concentration [mg/L] |
|||
0 (control) |
0.16 |
0.40 |
1.0 |
|
Male fertility [%] |
12/20 60 |
16/20 80 |
15/20 75 |
18/20 90 |
Female fertility [%] |
17/20 85 |
17/20 85 |
17/20 85 |
20/20 100 |
Viability index at birth |
100 |
94.6 * |
99.6 |
99.0 |
Viability index day 0-4 |
99.5 |
93.7 |
99.2 |
98.2 |
Lactation index |
100 |
100 |
97 |
99 |
Gestation index |
100 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
Pups / litter [mean] |
13.1 |
12.5 |
12.6 |
12.9 |
Gestation duration [days] |
22.1 |
22.1 |
22.1 |
21.8 |
Pup weight at birth [g] |
6.4 (0.6) |
6.4 (0.8) |
6.1 (0.1) |
5.9 (0.1) * |
Pup weight at day 21 [g] Male Female |
44.3 (2.6) 41.0 (3.9) |
44.9 (4.3) 41.7 (4.7) |
45.5 (4.1) 44.3 (4.2) |
41.8 (2.8) * 40.8 (2.0) * |
* Significantly different to control, p < 0.05
Values in parentheses report standard deviation
Effect on fertility: via oral route
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Effect on fertility: via inhalation route
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEC
- 1 000 mg/m³
- Study duration:
- subchronic
- Species:
- rat
- Quality of whole database:
- Study under conditions similar to OECD Guideline 415; Study under GLP Regulation
Effect on fertility: via dermal route
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Additional information
The effects of dibasic esters on fertility were assessed by the inhalation route in a one-generation study (equivalent to an OECD 415 study) in rats, exposed to the test concentrations of 0, 160, 400 or 1000 mg/m3 for 14 weeks pre-bredding, and for 8 weeks through breeding, gestation and lactation. No relevant effects occurred in mating performance, fertility, gestation duration, litter size, development or viability, and lactation performance up to the highest concentration tested. The NOEC for reproductive toxicity was therefore 1000 mg/m3.
Furthermore, changes in sex hormones were observed in one of three repeat-dose inhalation toxicity study in rats exposed to each component of the dibasic ester blend for 90 days (for details, see "7.5.3. Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation" section). Increased epididymal sperm counts were noted in male rats exposed to 400 mg/m3 dimethyl adipate, 400 mg/m3 dimethyl succinate, and 50 or 400 mg/m3 dimethyl glutarate. A statistically significant decrease in serum estradiol concentrations was noted in female rats exposed to 400 mg/m3 dimethyl succinate. A statistically significant decrease in serum testosterone concentrations was noted in male rats exposed to 50 or 400 mg/m3 dimethyl glutarate. Serum luteinizing hormone (LH) concentrations were also statistically significantly decreased at 400 mg/m3 in rats exposed to dimethyl glutarate. The toxicological significance of these statistically significant changes was unclear, as a decrease in male sex hormones should have resulted in a reduction of epididymal sperm counts, and yet the opposite was observed. In addition, none of these effects were observed in the dedicated fertility study using the dibasic ester blend , nor were any histopathological findings noted in the reproductive organs and tissues in 2 additional 90-day studies using the dibasic ester blend. These hormonal variations can therefore be considered of no toxicological significance.
Short description of key information:
No effects on mating performance, fertility, gestation duration, litter size, development or viability, and lactation performance in rats by inhalation.
Justification for selection of Effect on fertility via inhalation route:
only one study available (equivalent to OECD 415)
Effects on developmental toxicity
Description of key information
No effects on number of resorptions or fetal weight and no increase in external, visceral or skeletal abnormalities in offspring from parent rats exposed by inhalation.
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- developmental toxicity
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Study performed similar to OECD Guideline 414; Study performed under GLP Regulations;
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 414 (Prenatal Developmental Toxicity Study)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Limit test:
- yes
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- other: Crl:CD BR
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River Breeding Laboratories Inc., Kingston, NY
- Age at study initiation: females: 63 days, males: 84 days
- Weight at study initiation: females: 146-198g; males: 303-396g
- Housing: individually in stainless steel wiremesh cages
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 21-25°C
- Humidity (%): 40-60%
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12 - Route of administration:
- inhalation
- Type of inhalation exposure (if applicable):
- whole body
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Details on exposure:
- GENERATION OF TEST ATMOSPHERE / CHAMBER DESCRIPTION
- Exposure apparatus: 1.4 m3 stainless steel and glass NYU-style inhalation chamber
- Method of holding animals in test chamber: in cages
- System of generating particulates/aerosols: 0.16 and 0.4 mg/L: liquid DBE was metered into a furnace maintained at 50-300°C; for the 1.0 mg/L concentration, mixed aerosol/vapour athmospheres were generated using a Spraying Systems Nebulizer
- Temperature, humidity, pressure in air chamber:
- Air flow rate: about 300 L/min
TEST ATMOSPHERE
- Brief description of analytical method used: GC-FID
- Samples taken from breathing zone: yes - Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- yes
- Details on analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- Samples were analyzed using a Hewlett-Packard Model 5710 Gas Chromatograph (GC) equipped with a flame ionization detector. DBE was chromatographed isothermally at 150°C on a 3' x 2 mm ID glass column packed with 10% SP-1000 on Chromosorb W-AW 1001120 mesh.
- Details on mating procedure:
- The female rats were cohabited overnight with mature males (1:1). Mating was verified each morning by detection ol a copulation plug in the vagina or on the cage hoard. The day a plug was found was designated Day 1 of gestation (Day 1G). Mated females were stratified by body wcight and assigned to groups by random sampling within each stratum (24 per group).
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- In the definitive study, groups of 24 pregnant rats were targeted for exposure to 0 (control), 0.16, 0.4, and 1.0 mg DBE /L. Rats were exposed to whole-body inhalation for 6 hr per day from Days 7 through 16 (10 exposures). The control dams were exposed to air only.
- Frequency of treatment:
- 6h per day
- Duration of test:
- Day 7 to 16 (10 exposures)
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 24 pregnant rats per dose group
- Control animals:
- yes, concurrent vehicle
- Details on study design:
- - Dose selection rationale: based on results of a pilot study
- Maternal examinations:
- Body weights and clinical signs were recorded on the day after arrival and before mating; observations for morbidity and mortality were made daily. Females selected for the study were weighed on Days 1, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, and 21G. Feed was weighed on Days 1, 3, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19 and 21G and each afternoon on Days 7-16G (the exposure period).
Just before euthanasia on Day 21G. each dam was coded, so personnel involved did not know the exposure group to which any dam or fetus belonged. Dams were euthanized by cervical dislocation, a gross pathologic examination was made, and the liver was weighed. The ovaries were removed and the number of corpora lutea were counted at a magnification of 2.5 x (Ednalite). - Ovaries and uterine content:
- The uterus was opened and the number and position of all live, dead, and resorbed conceptuses were recorded. Both gravid and empty uteri were weighed. The uterus of each apparently nonpregnant dam was stained with ammonium sulfate solution to determine whether any very early resorption could be identified.
- Fetal examinations:
- All fetuses were weighed and examined for external alterations at a magnification of 2.5x. About one-half of the live fetuses in each litter (plus all stunted and malformed fetuses) were examined for visceral alterations. For each litter, the maximum stunted weight (MSW) was calculated by subtracting the lightest weight from the total weight dividing by the remaining number of fetuses, and multiplying by 0.666. A fetus weighing the same or less than the MSW was considered stunted, and its weight was omitted after the mean litter weight was calculated. The heads of these fetuses were fixed in Bouin’s solution and examined. All fetuses were sexed internally and then they were fixed in 70% ethanol, eviscerated, macerated in 1% aqueous KOH, and stained with alizarin red S to permit examination of the skeletons for alterations.
- Statistics:
- The litter was considered the experimental unit for the purpose of statistical evaluation. The level of significance selected was 0.05.
- Details on maternal toxic effects:
- Maternal toxic effects:yes
Details on maternal toxic effects:
All female rats survived the testing period.
The number of pregnant rats/group was not altered by exposure to DBE, with the numbers being 24, 21, 20, and 24, control to high concentration groups, respectively.
Body weight changes in maternal rats exposed to either 0.4 or 1.0 mg/L, were reduced, whereas those from the 0.16 mg/L were not. Feed consumption was reduced in the 0.4 and 1.0 mg/L group rats during the first 6 days of exposures (means of 23.3, 20.5, and 20.1 g/day, 0, 0.4, and 1.0 mg/L groups, respectively).
Clinical observations of perinasal staining (15 rats) and wet fur (20 rats) were seen in the 1.0 mg/L group; while these findings were not seen in the controls. Perinasal staining was seen in 1 rat from the 0.16 mg/L group and in 4 rats from the 0.4 mg/L group; wet fur was also seen in 1 rat from the 0.4 mg/L group. Other clinical observations including alopecia, sores, periocular and facial staining, and swollen extremities were seen but infrequently and with no suggestion of a relationship to DBE exposure.
No significant differences in absolute or relative liver weight was found but a significant trend in absolute weight was evident; a trend not seen when related to the body weight where values for all test groups were lower (but not significantly) from that of the controls. - Key result
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEC
- Effect level:
- 0.16 mg/L air (nominal)
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect level:
- other: maternal toxicity
- Remarks on result:
- not determinable
- Remarks:
- no NOAEC identified
- Details on embryotoxic / teratogenic effects:
- Embryotoxic / teratogenic effects:no effects
Details on embryotoxic / teratogenic effects:
No adverse reproductive effects related to DBE exposure were detected.
There was no effect on fetal weights at any exposure level. There was no significant difference between the control and experimental groups in the incidence of external, visceral, or skeletal malformations. Developmental variations among fetuses derived from DBE-exposed female were not significantly different from those of the controls. - Key result
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEC
- Effect level:
- 1 mg/L air (nominal)
- Basis for effect level:
- other: No adverse change observed
- Remarks on result:
- not determinable due to absence of adverse toxic effects
- Key result
- Abnormalities:
- not specified
- Localisation:
- other: no abnormalities observed
- Developmental effects observed:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- DBE exerts no adverse effect on prenatal development in the rat following inhalation exposures as high as 1.0 mg/L DBE during the period of organogenesis.
- Executive summary:
Dibasic Esters (DBE) has been tested in a developmental toxicity study on Crl:CD(SD)BR rats after inhalation exposure using a protocol similar to OECD guideline no 414 in compliance with Good Laboratory Practice.
Pregnant Crl:CD BR rats (7-8 per group) were exposed to either 0.16, 0.4, or 1.0 mg/L DBE by inhalation for 6 hr/day from Days 7 through 16 of gestation (day in which copulation plug was detected was designated Day 1G) in whole-body inhalation chambers. A control group of pregnant rats was exposed simultaneously to air only. Parental examinations included clinical and cage side observations, body weight determination, and determination of feed consumption. Gross pathologic examination was performed on day 21G and included counting of the corpora lutea and determination of number and position of all live, dead, and resorbed conceptuses in the uterus. Liver, gravid and empty uteri were weighed. All fetuses were weighed and examined or external alterations. About one-half of the live fetuses were examined for visceral alterations. All fetuses were sexed and examined for alterations of the skeleton after maceration.
A suppression of both food consumption and the rate of body weight gain was seen in the 0.4 and 1.0 mg/L groups during the first 6 exposure days. Staining on the fur and perineal area was seen in rats exposed to 1.0 mg/L and liver weight decreases, although not statistically significant, occurred in the 2 high exposure groups. None of the reproductive parameters were altered in any of the groups and no fetal effects were detected.
DBE exerts no adverse effect on prenatal development in the rat following inhalation exposures as high as 1.0 mg DBEL during the period of organogenesis.
Based on the given data, Dibasic Esters (DBE) is not classified for developmental effects according to the criteria of Directive 67/548/EC and EU Regulation No. 1272/2008 (CLP).
Reference
Effect on developmental toxicity: via oral route
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Effect on developmental toxicity: via inhalation route
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEC
- 1 000 mg/m³
- Study duration:
- subacute
- Species:
- rat
- Quality of whole database:
- Study performed similar to OECD Guideline 414; Study performed under GLP Regulations
Additional information
The effects of dibasic esters on prenatal development were assessed by the inhalation route in a teratogenicity study (equivalent to an OECD 414 study) in pregnant rats, exposed 6 hours per day to the test concentrations of 0, 160, 400 or 1000 mg/m3 between gestation days 7 through 16. No relevant effects occurred in the number of resorptions, fetal weight and there was no significant differences in the incidence of external, visceral or skeletal abnormalities between groups including controls. The no-observed-effect concentration (NOEC) for teratogenicity was therefore 1000 mg/m3.
Justification for selection of Effect on developmental toxicity: via inhalation route:
The only available study performed on the registered substance (Dibasic Esters)
Justification for classification or non-classification
Based on the absence of any relevant sign of reproductive or developmental toxicity in rats up to the concentration of 1000 mg/m3 by inhalation exposure, taking account of the classification criteria of Annex VI Directive 67/548/EEC or EU Regulation 1272/2008 (CLP), no classification is warranted for reproductive and developmental toxicity.
Additional information
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