Oxybis(methyl-2,1-ethanediyl) diacrylate

Endpoint summary

Additional information

There were no studies available in which the toxicokinetic properties of dipropylene glycol diacrylate (DPGDA) were investigated.

 

Dipropylene glycol diacrylate having a molecular weight of 242.27 g/mol is a colourless liquid, which is soluble in water (solubility: 5.2 g/l at 25 °C, BASF SE 2009). It has a vapour pressure of 0.00085 hPa at 20 °C and a log P_o/w of

0.01 - 0.39 at 24 °C (pH = 7, BASF AG 1997)

In an acute oral toxicity study, rats were administered 825, 1470, 2150, 3830 and 5000 mg/kg bw DPGDA under standardized conditions. The animals were observed for 14 d. The LD50 for males and females is 3530 mg/kg bw. No mortalities were seen at 825 mg/kg bw; 0/5 males and 1/5 females died at the 1470 mg/kg dose level; 1/5 males and 0/5 females died at the 2150 mg/kg dose level; 2/5 males and all females died at the 3830 mg/kg bw dose level; 3/5 males and 4/5 females died at the 5000 mg/kg bw dose level (BASF 1987).

In an acute dermal toxicity test, rabbits were administered 2000 mg/kg bw of the test material under occlusive conditions. The animals were observed for 14 days and necropsy was performed even with the survivors. The LD50 for males and females was reported to be >2000 mg/kg bw. No deaths occurred, however, signs of systemic toxicity were observed on day 1 gradually decreasing in severity and incidence to day 6, when they were no longer present. A slight decrease in mean and individual body weights was seen and at gross necropsy the lungs were spotted dark in several animals. (WIL Res Labs Inc. 1982).

Based on the results of the described toxicity studies, an indication of oral or dermal uptake of dipropylene glycol diacrylate is given. Therefore the bioavailablity can be considered to be existent.

Bioavailability of the test material via the dermal route is confirmed, as the substance caused sensitization reactions after dermal application.

No acute toxicity data for the inhalative route of administration are available, however, when considering the vapour pressure of dipropylene glycol diacrylate, the uptake of the substance via the inhalation route can be assumed to be unlikely.

 

Considering the chemical structure of DPGDA, metabolism may consist of epoxidation of the acrylic double bond and subsequent hydrolysis and GSH conjugation, or of an oxidation at the C terminus to the acid followed by ß-oxidation involving degradation of the alkyl chain, or of an ester hydrolysis leading to the release of acrylic acid.

Taking into account the log P_o/w, the water solubility and the considerations on the metabolism, accumulation of dipropylene glycol diacrylate is considered to be unlikely.

Available data from a different group of “multifunctional acrylates”, the so-called “trifunctional acrylates” suggests that distribution to many different tissues is likely but accumulation is unlikely to occur as almost no substance was found to be left in the tissue and carcass 72h after application and fast elimination of the substance, mainly via urine, exhaled air and faeces, was reported. The structural similarities between DPGDA and the “trifunctional acrylates” are still sufficiently large enough to assume that the observations made for the “trifunctional acrylates” concerning distribution, accumulation and excretion are also likely for DPGDA.