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EC number: 233-113-0 | CAS number: 10035-10-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Hydrogen bromide (HBr) is an inorganic gas under standard temperature and pressures and forms a strong mineral acid (hydrobromic acid) in water. HBr and hydrobromic acid are classified/labelled with the symbols "C" and "Xi" and the risk phrases "R35" and "R37".
Though there are minimal animal repeated dose data on hydrogen bromide (HBr) available there are sufficient data available on the analogue substances hydrogen chloride (HCl) and phosphorus tribromide which hydrolyses to phosphonic acid and HBr. (Read-across justifications in Section 8.6 Repeat dose toxicity)
In an oral administration test, the LD50 value for hydrogen chloride has been determined to be 238-277 mg/kg bw for female rats (OECD SIDS 2002)
Stavert, D.M., et al. (1991) indicated the toxic effects of hydrogen bromide were comparable to those of hydrogen chloride and hydrogen fluoride on the respiratory system at a high concentration of exposure (1300 ppm).
There is a reported inhalation LC50 valueof 2860 ppm (9464.55 mg/m3) in rats (Back, K.C., et al., 1972). In a 4-hour nose only exposure to the analogue substance PBr3, female rats gave an LC100 at ca. 4 mg/L. The report summarised in Wolfe, R.E., et al. (1997) also noted that corrosion and local irritation effects were observed in the low dose of 1.48 mg/L. Stavert, D.M., et al. (1991) indicated that the effects of hydrogen bromide were comparable to hydrogen chloride and hydrogen floride and the threshold concentrations for hydrogen bromide vapours are about three times higher than bromine
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Acute toxicity: via oral route
Endpoint conclusion
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Value:
- 238 mg/kg bw
Acute toxicity: via inhalation route
Endpoint conclusion
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Value:
- 9 464.55 mg/m³ air
Additional information
Hydrogen bromide (HBr) is an inorganic gas under standard temperature and pressures and forms a strong mineral acid (hydrobromic acid) in water. HBr and hydrobromic acid are classified/labelled with the symbols “C” and “Xi” and the risk phrases “R35” and “R37”. In addition, the pH of hydrobromic acid (the strong mineral acid formed by HBr in water) is known to be acidic – the pH of a 62 % solution is 1. Though there are minimal animal repeated dose data on hydrogen bromide (HBr) available there are sufficient data available on the analogue substances hydrogen chloride (HCl) and phosphorus tribromide which hydrolyses to phosphonic acid and HBr. (Read-across justifications in Section 8.6 Repeat dose toxicity.) Acute inhalation studies in animals have been submitted (Annex VIII Section 8.5.2) in support of the existing classification on the substance and the analogue substance PBr3. Supporting data from acute oral toxicity studies on the analogue substance hydrogen chloride (HCl) have been submitted supporting the corrosive effect of this group of acidsviathe oral route.
Oral
In an oral administration test, the LD50 value for HCl has been determined to be 238-277 mg/kg bw for female rats (OECD SIDS 2002).
Inhalation
In a 4-hour exposure to PBr3 vapours in nose-only exposure chambers, Wolfe, R.E., et al. (1997) reported mortality (100 % died or were euthanized moribund on day 1) was seen in female rats exposed to approximately 4 mg/L (equivalent to 3.664 mg/L). No mortality was seen in groups of male rats exposed under the same circumstances to analyzed concentrations of 1.48 mg/L and below. Pathology seen in the high-dose animals and in those of the 1.48 mg/L group were corrosion or severe irritation of the upper respiratory tract.
Stavert, D.M., et al. (1991) indicated the toxic effects of HBr were comparable to those of HCl and hydrogen fluoride (HF) on the respiratory system at a high concentration of exposure (1300 ppm). Major effects in the nasal passages were related to necrohemorrhagic rhinitis. Mouth breathing animals had fibronecrotic tracheitis of variable severity.
Back, K.C.,et al. (1972) reported the 60-minute LC50 of HBr in rats is 2860 ppm (9464.55 mg/m3) rats. The comparable LC50 in mice was 815 ppm. Ivanov, I.G., et al. (1976) conducted a parallel acute inhalation toxicity experiment to one using bromine, testing HBr at sublethal concentrations in a four hour exposure. Based on observations of decreased respiratory rate compared to control, decreased “olfactory acuity” for the aromatic thymol, and an increase in free-lying cells in the lungs, the concentration deemed the LIMir was 26 mg/m3. The concentration that also caused acute effects (LIM ac) based on changes in the summation threshold index (STI) in the nervous system and body temperature was 66 mg/m3. Thus, the LIMir for HBr is 2 1/2 times lower than the LIMac, which is evidence of the specificity of irritant effect. The comparable LIM for bromine was 10 mg/m3, meaning the threshold concentrations for HBr vapours are about three times higher than bromine.
Other routes
HBr given by the intraperitoneal route to rats, produced lethality in 50 % of the animals (LD50) at a dose of 76 mg/kg. (RTECS, 1986).
Justification for classification or non-classification
HBr is an inorganic gas under standard temperature and pressures and forms a strong mineral acid (hydrobromic acid) in water. HBr and hydrobromic acid are classified/labelled with the symbols “C” and “Xi” and the risk phrases “R35” and “R37”. In addition, the pH of hydrobromic acid (the strong mineral acid formed by hydrogen bromide in water) is known to be acidic – the pH of a 62% solution is 1. Acute inhalation studies in animals have been submitted (Annex VIII Section 8.5.2) in support of the existing classification on the substance and the analogue substance PBr3. Supporting data from acute oral toxicity studies on the analogue substance HCl have been submitted supporting the corrosive effect of this group of acids via the oral route.
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