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EC number: 231-143-9 | CAS number: 7440-33-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Acute Toxicity: dermal
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: dermal
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1998-03-24 to 1999-06-24
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- other company data
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 999
- Report date:
- 1999
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 402 (Acute Dermal Toxicity)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- One animal was found to be above the specified weight range of 200-300 g on Day 1 prior to dosing. The deviation was not considered to have affected the integrity of the study.
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Test type:
- standard acute method
- Limit test:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Tungsten
- EC Number:
- 231-143-9
- EC Name:
- Tungsten
- Cas Number:
- 7440-33-7
- Molecular formula:
- W
- IUPAC Name:
- tungsten
- Reference substance name:
- tungsten metal
- IUPAC Name:
- tungsten metal
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Tungsten Metal Powder
- Physical state: Grey powder
- Analytical purity: >99 %
Constituent 1
Constituent 2
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Sprague-Dawley
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Harlan UK Ltd Bicester, Oxon, England
- Age at study initiation: 8 to 11 wks
- Weight at study initiation: 235 to 304 g
- Housing: Individually in metal cages with wire mesh floors in Building R14 Rm 6
- Diet: ad libitum Special Diet Services RM1(E) SQC expanded pellet
- Water: ad libitum
- Acclimation period: 12 days
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 20.5 to 22
- Humidity (%): 34 to 59
- Air changes (per hr): 10 to 15
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12
IN-LIFE DATES: From: 1009-03-23 To: 1998-04-07
Administration / exposure
- Type of coverage:
- occlusive
- Vehicle:
- other: 1% w/v aqueous methylcellulose
- Details on dermal exposure:
- TEST SITE
- Area of exposure: Dorso-lumbar region
- % coverage: 10%
- Type of wrap if used: The test substance was applied by spreading it evenly over the prepared skin. The treatment area (50 x 50 mm ) was covered with porous gauze held in place with a non irritating dressing, and further covered by a waterproof dressing encircled firmly around the trunk of the animal.
REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing (if done): The dressings were removed and the treated area of skin was washed with warm water to remove any residual test substance. The treated area was blotted dry with absorbent paper.
- Time after start of exposure: 24 hrs
TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 0.56 ml/kg bodyweight (200 mg/kg bodyweight)
- Concentration (if solution): 357% w/v in 1% w/v aqueous methylcellulose
VEHICLE
- Concentration (if solution): 1% w/v aqueous methylcellulose - Duration of exposure:
- 24 hrs
- Doses:
- 2000 mg/kg bodyweight.
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 5 male and 5 female
- Control animals:
- no
- Details on study design:
- - Duration of observation period following administration: 14 days
- Frequency of observations and weighing:Frequently on day 1 and then twice daily
- Necropsy of survivors performed: yes
- Other examinations performed: clinical signs, body weight,organ weights, histopathology
One day prior to treatment, hair was removed from the dorso-lumbar region of each rat, exposing an area equivalent to approximately 10% of the total body surface area.
The test substance was applied by spreading it evenly over the prepared skin. the treatment area (approximately 50 mm x 50 mm) was covered with porous gauze held in place with a non irritating dressing, and further covered by a waterproof dressing encricled firmly around the trunk of the animal.
Treatment in this manner was performed on Day 1 (day of dosing) of the study only.
At the end of the 24 hours exposure period the dressings was carefully removed and the treated area of skin was washed with warm water (30 to 40 C) to remove any residual test substance. The treated area was blotted dry with absorbent paper.
-Bodyweights: The bodyweight of each rat was recorded on Days 1 (prior to dosing), 8 and 15. Individual weekly bodyweight changes and group mean bodyweights were calculated.
-Macroscopic pathology: All animals were subjected to a macroscopic examination wihich consisted of opening the abdominal and thoracic cavities. The macroscopic appearance of all tissues was recorded. - Statistics:
- no data
Results and discussion
Effect levels
- Sex:
- male/female
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Effect level:
- > 2 000 mg/kg bw
- Mortality:
- There were no deaths.
- Clinical signs:
- other: Dermal responses were confined to a residual staining (grey) from the test substance on Day 2 only (staining did not impair dermal assessment) in all ten rats and accompanied at this time in one rat only by slight erythema (resolving by Day 3).
- Gross pathology:
- No abnormalities were recorded at the macroscopic examination on Day 15.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
- Conclusions:
- The acute dermal lethal dose to rats of Tungsten Metal Powder was demonstrated to be greater than 2000 mg/kg bodyweight.
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