Cesium formate

Melting point / freezing point

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

melting point/freezing point

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

From October 2, 2009 to November 5, 2009

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 102 (Melting point / Melting Range)

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method A.1 (Melting / Freezing Temperature)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Type of method:

thermal analysis

Key result

Melting / freezing pt.:

> 633 K

Remarks on result:

other: Melting temperature could not be definitively determined because of the deliquescent nature of the test substance

Aliquots of the test substance were placed in an aluminium crucilble and assessed:

Determination	Atmosphere	Crucible lid	Mass taken(g)
1	Air (static)	Pierced	0.0130
2	nitrogen	Pierced	0.0107
3	Air (static)	Pre-Pierced	0.0138

The temperature was converted into Kelvin (K) using:

T(K)= t(⁰C) + 273.15

Conclusions:

Under the study condition, it was difficult to determine the melting point because of the deliquescent behavior of the test substance. The test substance appeared not to melt below 633⁰K. However liquefaction readily occurs as a result of deliquescence, either due to absorption of atmospheric moisture or release of water from the monohydrated test substance (Fox, 2009).

Executive summary:

A study was conducted to determine the melting point/freezing point of the test substance according to EU Method A.1 and OECD Guideline 102, in compliance with GLP. The test was performed by using DSC (differential scanning calorimetry. Aliquots of the test substance in three replicates were placed in an aluminium crucilble and measured. The endotherm in determinations 1 and 2 at approximately 316⁰K was considered to be liquefaction of the test substance and not melting (residue in the crucibles). This was investigated with a sample of test substance exposed to air at room temperature which changed into a clear and colorless liquid. This process of deliquescence interferes with the measurement of the melting temperature. No endotherm was found at approximately 316⁰K in determination 3. However, at 425⁰K, smaller endotherm (compared to 1 and 2) occurred as a result of the sample being dried (residue in the crucible around the edges).This suggested that the sample liquefied but incompletely (presence of small particles). Under the study condition, it was difficult to determine the melting point because of the deliquescent behavior of the test substance. The test substance appeared not to melt below 633⁰K. However liquefaction readily occurs as a result of deliquescence, either due to absorption of atmospheric moisture or release of water from the monohydrated test substance (Fox, 2009).

Reference 2

Endpoint:

melting point/freezing point

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

2008

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Well conducted and well documented study with reliable results but not run according to GLP.

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Data from technical manual

GLP compliance:

no

Type of method:

method to determine freezing temperature

Remarks:

cold-plate method

Key result

Melting / freezing pt.:

>= 0 - <= 5.1 °C

Atm. press.:

1 atm

Conclusions:

Under the study conditions the freezing point (crystallization point) for the test substance ranges between  0-5.1°C depending on the density (Company data, 2008).

Executive summary:

A study was conducted to determine the melting point/freezing point of the test substance using a method from the Technical Manual, part A: chemical and physical properties, section A5: crystallisation temperature. Under the study conditions the freezing point (crystallization point) for the test substance was established to be within range of  0-5.1°C depending on the density (Company data, 2008).

Description of key information

Solid form: the melting point/freezing point was determined according to EU Method A.1 and OECD Guideline 102.

Brine: the melting point/freezing point was established using a method from the Technical Manual, part A: chemical and physical properties, section A5: crystallisation temperature.

Additional information

Solid form: It was difficult to determine the melting point because of the deliquescent behavior of the test substance. The test substance appeared not to melt below 633⁰K. However liquefaction readily occurs as a result of deliquescence, either due to absorption of atmospheric moisture or release of water from the monohydrated test substance.

Brine: The freezing point (crystallization point) ranges between 0-5.1°C depending on the density.