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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 625-732-3 | CAS number: 13029-09-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://poisoncentres.echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_toxicological-information.png)
Skin irritation / corrosion
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation: in vitro / ex vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- Oct 09, 2014 - Jan 29, 2015
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 015
- Report date:
- 2015
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 439 (In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Test Method)
- Version / remarks:
- July 26, 2013
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: Council Regulation (EC) No. 440/2008 laying down test methods pursuant to Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006. B.40.bis. In vitro skin corrosion: human skin model test
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 2,2'-dibromo-1,1'-biphenyl
- EC Number:
- 625-732-3
- Cas Number:
- 13029-09-9
- Molecular formula:
- C₁₂H₈Br₂
- IUPAC Name:
- 2,2'-dibromo-1,1'-biphenyl
Constituent 1
In vitro test system
- Test system:
- human skin model
- Source species:
- human
- Cell type:
- non-transformed keratinocytes
- Cell source:
- foreskin from a single donor
- Justification for test system used:
- standard model
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Remarks:
- No vehicle used in this study; The test item was applied neat to the tissues.
- Details on test system:
- CELL CULTURE
- Supplier: EpiSkin/SkinEthic Laboratories, Lyon, France)
- Source: human keratinocytes cultured on a polycarbonate filter in conditions which permit their terminal differentiation
- Format: 24 well plate
- Batch: 14-RHE-024
- Expires: Oct 27, 2014
TEMPERATURE USED FOR TEST SYSTEM
- Temperature used during treatment: room temperature
- Temperature of post-treatment incubation: 37°C
REMOVAL OF THE TEST MATERIAL AND CONTROL
At the end of the exposure periods, the test item, positive and negative control was removed immediately by gently rinsing with a minimum volume of 20 mL DPBS using a pipette. Excess DPBS was removed by gently shaking the tissue inserts and blotting the bottom of the tissue inserts with blotting paper. - Control samples:
- yes, concurrent negative control
- Amount/concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 16 mg
- Concentration (if solution): n/a
VEHICLE
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): n/a
- Concentration (if solution): n/a
- Lot/batch no. (if required): n/a
- Purity: n/a
NEGATIVE CONTROL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight): 16 µL
- Concentration (if solution): n/a
POSITIVE CONTROL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight): 16 µL
- Concentration (if solution): 5% aqueous solution of sodium dodecyl sulfate - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 42 min
- Duration of post-treatment incubation (if applicable):
- 42 hours
- Number of replicates:
- 3
Results and discussion
In vitro
Results
- Irritation / corrosion parameter:
- % tissue viability
- Run / experiment:
- Mean relative viability in %
- Value:
- 106.04
- Vehicle controls validity:
- not applicable
- Remarks:
- The test item was applied neat to the tissues
- Negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of irritation
- Other effects / acceptance of results:
- OTHER EFFECTS:
- Visible damage on test system: none
- Direct-MTT reduction: none
- Colour interference with MTT: none
ACCEPTANCE OF RESULTS:
-Acceptability of the Quality Control Data of the Skin Model with Reference to Historical Batch Data:
The negative control OD values were 2.090, 2.057 and 2.044 and, thus, in the range of ≥0.8 and ≤3.0
-Acceptability of the Positive and Negative Control:
After treatment with the negative control (DPBS-buffer) the mean OD was 2.063 (standard deviation: 1.14%) and, thus, higher than the historically established boundary of 1.387.
After treatment with the positive control (5% aqueous solution of sodium dodecyl sulfate) the mean viability value was 1.20% (standard deviation: 7.43%) and, thus, lower than the historically established boundary of 3.58%.
The standard deviation of the negative control and the positive control was ≤18%, respectively.
-Test Substance Data Acceptance Criteria:
The standard deviation of the three tissues treated with the test item was 4.56% and, thus, ≤18%.
Therefore, the study fulfilled the validity criteria.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Group | Time / [min] | Mean OD | Mean Relative viability / [%] |
Negative Control | 42 | 2.515 | 100.00 |
Positive Control |
42 |
0.021 |
0.83 |
Test Material | 42 | 2.089 | 83.09 |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
- Remarks:
- Non-corrosive
- Conclusions:
- This study was performed according to GLP and the methods applied are fully compliant with OECD TG 439. Under the conditions of the present study, the test item is not considered to be irritant to skin.
- Executive summary:
The objective of the present study was to investigate the potential of the test item to induce skin corrosion in anin vitrohuman skin model.
This in vitro study was performed to assess the irritation potential of the test material by means of the Reconstructed Human Epidermis Test. The test consisted of a topical exposure of the test item to a human reconstructed skin model followed by a cell viability test. Cell viability was quantitatively measured by dehydrogenase conversion of MTT into a blue formazan salt after extraction from tissues. The percent reduction of cell viability in comparison to untreated negative controls was used to predict the skin irritation potential.
The tissue viability after treatment with the test item was 83.09% and, thus, higher than 50%, i.e. according to UN GHS classification the test item is considered as non-irritant to skin.
Under the conditions of the present study, the test item is not considered to possess a corrosive potential to skin.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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