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EC number: 202-112-7 | CAS number: 91-97-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Abiotic degradation / hydrolysis
TODI was assessed in an abiotic degradation study, according to EU-method C.7 and OECD guideline no. 111.The hydrolysis of TODI was found to be very fast, therefore no further testing was necessary. At pH 4 and 9 decomposition product had reached a plateau at the earliest measurement time, the half-life was less than the minimum time taken to make the initial sample analysis (the t1/2 at pH 4 and 9, at 25 and 50 °C was lower than or equal as 2 minutes). At pH 7 only, the hydrolysis reaction could be followed and a half-life calculated. The calculated half-life was 1.2 hours at 50°C at pH 7 for TODI (analysed by the degradation product).
Biotic degradation
Biodegradation in water: screening test
Based on the results obtained in a biodegradation study according to EU-method C.4–E and OECD guideline 301 D, TODI was considered to be not readily biodegradable.The biodegradation was followed by the oxygen uptake of the microorganisms during exposure. As a reference item sodium benzoate was tested simultaneously under the same conditions as the test item, and functioned as a procedure control.
Under the test conditions the percentage biodegradation of TODI reached a mean of -4.8 % after 28 days based on ThODNO3.
This result is supported by a study performed with 4,4'-MDI according to OECD Guideline 302 C (Inherent Biodegradability). Here, the average percent biodegradability of MDI and resulting compounds in water were 0% and 6.4%, respectively.
Furthermore, the ready biodegradability of TODI's hydrolysis product (TODA) was investigated over a period of 28 days. The biodegradation was followed by the oxygen uptake of the microorganisms during exposure. As a reference item aniline was tested simultaneously under the same conditions as the test item. Under the test conditions the percentage biodegradation of TODA reached 3% based on TOD and reached 6% by HPLC after 28 days. Therefore the test item can be considered to be not ready biodegradable.
Biodegradation in water and sediment: simulation tests
In accordance with column 2 of REACH Regulation 1907/2006/EC Annex IX section 9.2.1.2, the study “Biodegradation in water: simulation test” does not need to be conducted as the test substance is highly insoluble in water. During experimental tests organic solution was required to allow good mixing of test item with water. Also, hydrolysis of TODI was found to be very fast.
Biodegradation in soil
Due to the fast reaction with moisture, MDI (methylenediphenyl diisocyanate; CAS no. 26447-40-5, EC no. 247-714-0, structural similar to TODI) isomers and polymers are assumed to form inert, insoluble solid polyureas in soil. As MDI is structural similar to TODI, this can also be assumed for TODI.
Bioaccumulation in aquatic species
In accordance with column 2 of REACH 1907/2006/EC Annex IX, section 9.3.2, a bioaccumulation test in aquatic species does not need to be conducted as
- TODI was found insoluble in water (thus uptake into biological cells is very unlikely)
- TODI did not reveal aquatic toxicity at concentrations below water solubility
- TODI’s hydrolysis was found to be very fast
- TODI’s degradation product was found to be insoluble in organic and aqueous solvents (See IUCLID sections 6.1.1, short-term toxicity to fish and 6.1.3, short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrate)
- For TODI’s degradation product TODA the measured BCF was below 100 (0.2 mg/L: 4.8 - 34; 0.02 mg/L: 10-83) and the estimated BCF was 16.25 L/kg wet-wt.
Thus, based on the fast hydrolysis of TODI (The t1/2 at pH 4 and 9, at 25 and 50 °C was lower than or equal as 2 minutes; at pH7 the t1/2 was 16 hours and 1.2 hours at 25 and 50 °C respectively.) and the low BCF value of the degradation product TODA, bioaccumulation of the environmentally relevant degradation product TODA is considered negligible and no further information concerning bioconcentration or bioaccumulation for TODI is required.
Adsorption/ desorption
In accordance with column 2 of REACH Annex VIII, the test on adsorption/desorption (required in REACH Regulation, ANNEX VIII, Section 9.3.1) does not need to be conducted if the substance and its degradation products decompose rapidly. According to the study on determination of the hydrolysis of TODI as a function of pH (see IUCLID section 5.1.2), the half-life of TODI was determined to be far below 12 hours (max.: 1.2 h at pH 7) and therefore was found to be hydrolytically unstable.
Further, due to the very low water solubility a test is technical not feasible.
Nevertheless, to address this endpoint, estimations using KOCWIN of EPI Suite compilation were performed for TODI and TODA (the product of hydrolysis of TODI), resulting in Koc values of or 1.8exp5 L/kg (Kow method) or 4.2exp5 L/kg (MCI method) for TODI, and 3190 L/kg (MCI method) or 150 L/kg (Kow method) for TODA at 25°C. Based on hydrolysis data of TODI and the calculated adsorption (to sediment and to soil) data of TODA, adsorption can be assumed to be very low or negligible.
Furthermore, the Koc values of TODI's hydrolysis degradation product TODA ([1,1'-Biphenyl]-4,4'-diamine, 3,3'-dimethyl-) were estimated by calculation to be 1, 1, 3.03, 61.9, 258, 347, 359, 361, 361 and 361 at pH 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10, respectively (all values at 25 °C).
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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