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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 203-852-3 | CAS number: 111-27-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Biodegradation in soil
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in soil: simulation testing
- Data waiving:
- other justification
- Justification for data waiving:
- other:
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in soil: simulation testing
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Justification for type of information:
- 1. HYPOTHESIS FOR THE CATEGORY APPROACH
The hypothesis is that the category members have similar structures and properties (very rapid biodegradability), which are consistent across the category (Scenario 6 in the RAAF). The consistency of this property across the category is discussed in the endpoint summary.
2. SOURCE AND TARGET CHEMICAL(S) (INCLUDING INFORMATION ON PURITY AND IMPURITIES)
Please refer to the test material identity information within each endpoint study record.
The long chain linear aliphatic alcohol Category has at its centre an homologous series of increasing carbon chain length alcohols. The category members are structurally very similar. They are all primary aliphatic alcohols with no other functional groups. The category members are linear or contain a single short-chain side-branch at the 2-position in the alkyl chain, which does not significantly affect the properties (‘essentially linear’). The category members have saturated alkyl chains or contain a small proportion of naturally-occurring unsaturation(s) which does not significantly affect the properties. The branched and unsaturated structures are considered to have such similar properties that their inclusion in the category is well justified.
Impurities: Linear and/or ‘essentially linear’ long chain aliphatic alcohols of other chain lengths may be present. These are not expected to contribute significantly to the properties in respect of this endpoint due to consistent properties (see point 3).
There are no impurities present at or above 1% which are not category members or which would affect the properties of the substance.
3. CATEGORY JUSTIFICATION
The category members are structurally very similar (see point 2) and are biochemically very similar. The metabolic synthesis and degradation pathways are well established. This Category is associated with a consistency and predictability in the physicochemical, environmental, and toxicological property data across its members.
The consistency of observations in this property across the range of chain lengths covered by this Category is described in the Endpoint Summary and in the Category Report attached in Section 13.
In this registration, the information requirement is based on read-across from members of the category with longer chain length, which could be expected to be similar or more conservative in respect of biodegradability.
4. DATA MATRIX
A data matrix for the C6-24 alcohols Category is attached in Section 13. - Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Soil No.:
- #1
- % Degr.:
- 100
- Parameter:
- test mat. analysis
- Sampling time:
- 24 h
- Remarks on result:
- other: C10
- Soil No.:
- #2
- % Degr.:
- 100
- Parameter:
- test mat. analysis
- Sampling time:
- 24 h
- Remarks on result:
- other: C10
- Soil No.:
- #3
- % Degr.:
- 100
- Parameter:
- test mat. analysis
- Sampling time:
- 24 h
- Remarks on result:
- other: C10
- % Degr.:
- 87
- Parameter:
- O2 consumption
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Remarks on result:
- other: C14-C18
- Soil No.:
- #1
- DT50:
- >= 0.5 - <= 1 h
- Type:
- not specified
- Temp.:
- >= 19.1 - <= 21.6 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: C10
- Soil No.:
- #2
- DT50:
- >= 1 - <= 2 h
- Type:
- not specified
- Temp.:
- >= 19.1 - <= 21.6 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: C10
- Soil No.:
- #3
- DT50:
- >= 0.25 - <= 0.5 h
- Type:
- not specified
- Temp.:
- >= 19.1 - <= 21.6 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: C10
- Transformation products:
- yes
- Remarks:
- C10
- No.:
- #1
Referenceopen allclose all
Description of key information
Significant technical difficulties were encountered during method development for a recent study of adsorption/desorption (OECD 106, Wildlife, 2015) of the structurally analogous alcohol, decan-1-ol (CAS 112-30-1), using natural standard soils, in that it was not possible to detect sufficient substance and establish equilibrium in non-sterilised soil samples. During method development in preparation for this study, the laboratory reported that after equilibration with soils for 15-minute to 24-hour periods, decan-1-ol dosed into the test vessels was partly or completely transformed into a more polar product, which was clearly distinguishable from the starting material as clear and well separated peaks in the chromatograms. The rate of transformation depends on the soil type. Only after a very short (5-minute) equilibration the parent material remained intact (personal communication, 8 January 2015 from Wildlife International laboratory). Half-lives were not explicitly derived, but chromatograms presented would indicate the half-life of decan-1-ol in the soil test samples was approximately 30 min - 1 hour (silt loam soil); 1 - 2 hours (loamy sand), and 15 - 30 minutes (clay loam). Following sterilisation of the soil samples by autoclaving, the substance remained adequately stable for a 2-hour period, therefore the instability can be attributed to biodegradation of the substance by soil microbiota. The polar degradation product is most likely the corresponding carboxylic acid, though it was not definitively identified. The chromatograms show that decan-1-ol was effectively fully removed in all four soil types by the 24 h time point (in the case of 2 of the soil types, within 2 hours). Similar degradation can be expected for hexan-1-ol.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Half-life in soil:
- 2 h
Additional information
In accordance with Column 2 of REACH Annex IX, the full soil simulation test (required in Section 9.2.1.3) does not need to be conducted as the substance is readily biodegradable. Furthermore a close structural analogue, decan-1 -ol (CAS 112-30-1), has been shown to be very rapidly degraded in non sterilised standard soils as part of method development for the soil adsorption study.
Discussion of trends in the Category of C6-24 linear and essentially-linear aliphatic alcohols
The data available regarding persistence in soil are limited. A commercial multi-constituent substance (CAS 68155-00-0 (C14-18 and C16-18 unsaturated) and CAS 68002-94-8 (C16-18 and C18 unsaturated)) was found to be readily biodegradable in a reliable OECD 301D study using a non-standard inoculum; garden soil microorganisms (Borner, 1999). A reliable study of adsorption and desorption using the batch equilibrium method (in compliance with OECD 106 and GLP) conducted with decan-1-ol (CAS 112-30-1) demonstrated extremely rapid degradation of the alcohol in non sterilised standard soils as part of method development.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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