Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 238-687-6 | CAS number: 14639-97-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://poisoncentres.echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_ecotoxicological-information.png)
Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
Freshwater:
In total, reliable chronic toxicity data were retrieved for 22 different freshwater invertebrates. Non-normalised geomean species NOECs ranged between 14 (Cucumerunio novaehollandiae) and 718 (Ephoron virgo) µg Zn/L (dissolved concentrations).
Chronic toxicity data for 6 crustaceans were gathered, i.e., the copepod Bryocamptus zschokkei, the amphipod Hyalella azteca and the cladocerans Daphnia magna, Ceriodaphnia dubia, Daphnia longispina and Daphnia lumholtzi. For these crustaceans the chronic non-normalised toxicity values varied between 13 µg Zn/L (Ceriodaphnia dubia; 7 d of exposure; endpoint reproduction) and 1587 µg Zn/L (Daphnia longispina; 21 d of exposure; endpoint mortality). One chronic toxicity data was available for insects, with a NOEC of 718 µg Zn/L for the mayfly Ephoron virgo. Chronic toxicity data for 11 molluscs were gathered, i.e., the bivalves Alathyria profuga, Cucumerunio novaehollandiae, Dreissenia polymorpha, Echyridella menziesii, Hyridella australis, Hyridella depressa, Hyridella drapeta, Lampsilis siliquoidea, Velesunio ambiguous and for the gastropods Lymnaea stagnalis and Potamopyrgus jenkinsi. For these bivalves the chronic non-normalised toxicity values varied between 13.9 µg Zn/L (Cucumerunio novaehollandiae; 72 h of exposure; endpoint mortality) and 1629 µg Zn/L (Lymnaea stagnalis; 28 days of exposure; endpoint growth). Chronic toxicity data for 4 different rotifers i.e., Anuraeopsis fissa, Brachionus calyciflorus, Brachionus rubens and Euchlanis dilatata were found. For these rotifers the chronic non-normalised toxicity values varied between 26.1 µg Zn/L (Anuraeopsis fissa; 25 d of exposure; endpoint life span) and 550 µg Zn/L (Brachionus calyciflorus; 48 h of exposure; endpoint growth rate).
Marine:
Reliable chronic toxicity data were retrieved for 24 different marine invertebrates. Geomean species NOECs ranged between 4.2 (Haliotis iris) and 2074 (Gaimardia trapesina) µg Zn/L (dissolved concentrations).
Chronic toxicity data to marine crustaceans were available for 9 different species, i.e., Allorchestes compress, Harpacticus sp., Holmesimysis costata, Hyale longicornis, Melita awa, Melita matilda, Mysidopsis juniae, Penaeus monodon and Tigriopus angulatus. Toxicity values for the crustaceans varied between 7.1 µg Zn/L (24 d of exposure; endpoint mortality) for Holmesimysis costata and 1757 µg Zn/L (10 d of exposure; endpoint mortality) for Tigriopus angulatus. Chronic toxicity data to marine molluscs were available for 7 different species, i.e., Crassostrea gigas, Gaimardia trapesina, Haliotis diversicolor supertexta, Haliotis iris, Haliotis rufescens, Mytilus galloprovincialis and Mytilus trossolus. Toxicity values for the molluscs varied between 4.2 µg Zn/L (72 h of exposure; endpoint development) for Haliotis iris and 2344 µg Zn/L (10 d of exposure; endpoint mortality) for Gaimardia trapesina. Chronic toxicity data to marine echinoderms were available for 3 different species, i.e., Apostichopus japonicus, Evechinus chloroticus and Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. Toxicity values for the echinoderms varied between 9.7 µg Zn/L (72 h of exposure; endpoint development) for Evechinus chloroticus and 444 µg Zn/L (15 d of exposure; endpoint mortality) for Apostichopus japonicus. Chronic toxicity data to marine annelids were available for 4 different species, i.e., Capitella capitella, Galeolaria caespitosa, Hydroides elegans and Neanthes arenaceaodentata. Toxicity values for the annelids varied between 23.2 µg Zn/L (96 of exposure; endpoint development) for Hydroides elegans and 200 µg Zn/L (2.5 h of exposure; endpoint fertilization) for Galeolaria caespitosa. Chronic toxicity data is available for 1 cephalopod species (i.e., Sepia officinalis, with a 5 weeks NOEC of 53 µg Zn/L for the endpoint growth).
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
Extensive high quality chronic data were available on 22 different freshwater invertebrate species and 24 marine invertebrate species. These data were all screened for relevancy to the environment under study.
The freshwater species are part of several different taxonomic groups: Cladocera (Ceriodaphnia dubia, Daphnia magna, Daphnia longispina, Daphnia lumholtzi), Amphipoda (Hyalella azteca), Copepoda (Bryocamptus zschokkei), Ephemeroptera (Ephoron virgo), Rotifera (Brachionus calyciflorus, Anuraeopsis fissa, Brachionus rubens, Euchlanis dilatate), Bivalvia (Alathyria profuga, Cucumerunio novaehollandiae, Dreissenia polymorpha, Echyridella menziesii, Hyridella australis, Hyridella depressa, Hyridella drapeta, Lampsilis siliquoidea, Velesunio ambiguous), Gastropoda (Lymnaea stagnalis, Potamopyrgus jenkinsi). The sensitivity of these species is equally distributed over the species sensitivity distribution.
The marine species are part of several different taxonomic groups: Amphipoda (Allorchestes compress, Melita awa, Melita matilda and Hyale longicornis), Copepoda (Harpacticus sp. and Tigriopus angulatus), Mysida (Holmesimysis costata and Mysidopsis juniae), Decapoda (Penaeus monodon), Bivalvia (Crassostrea gigas, Gaimardia trapesina, Mytilus galloprovincialis and Mytilus trossolus), Gastropoda (Haliotis diversicolor supertexta, Haliotis iris and Haliotis rufescens), Cephalopoda (Sepia officinalis), Holothuroidea (Apostichopus japonicus), Echinacea (Evechinus chloroticus and Strongylocentrotus purpuratus) and Polychaeta (Capitella capitella, Galeolaria caespitosa, Hydroides elegans and Neanthes arenaceaodentata).The sensitivity of these species is equally distributed over the species sensitivity distribution.
The invertebrate species NOECs are combined with the other freshwater and marine chronic data in the respective SSDs to give the HC5 from which the respective PNECs are derived.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
![ECHA](/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/echa_logo.png)