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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 221-070-0 | CAS number: 2997-92-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Additional toxicological data
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- additional toxicological information
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 4 (not assignable)
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Effects of 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) hydrochloride in vivo and protection by vitamin E.
- Author:
- Dooley MM, Sano N, Kawashima H, Nakamura T
- Year:
- 1 990
- Bibliographic source:
- Free Radical Biology & Medicine 9; 199-204
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- To determine the uptake and lifetime of AAPH in rat plasma, four rats wete injected i.p. with 40 mg/kg AAPH administered in 2 mL/kg 0.9% saline solution. Blood (appr. 0.35 mL) was obtained in heparinized tubes from the tail veins of nonanesthetized rats prior to and 15 and 30 minutes and 1, 2, 3 and 5 hours after AAPH administration. Blood samples were centifuged at 12,000 rpm for 2 minutes and AAPH levels in plasma were determined by HPLC (ODP-50 reversed-phase column; AAPH was eluted with 20% (v/v) acetonitrile in 10 mM potassium phosphate buffer, pH 2.2, containing 5 mm sodium octane sulfonic acid. Peaks were detected at 210 nm.
To study AAPH-induced toxicity, rats were injected i.p. with 55 mg/kg AAPH in 2 mL/kg 0.9% saline solution. At various times (usually 18 hours) after administration, the animals were sacrificed (under sodium pentobarbital anesthesia). Blood was collected from the abdominal aorta into heparinized tubes, centrifuged at 12,000 rpm and plasma was stored on ice. Tissues to be analyzed were removed, weighed and homogenized in 1.15% potassium chloride solution. Tissue plasma lipid peroxidation was determined by measuring levels of thiobarbiruric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) by a spectrophotometric detection method in tissues or an HPLC detection method in plasma. - GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 2,2'-azobis[2-methylpropionamidine] dihydrochloride
- EC Number:
- 221-070-0
- EC Name:
- 2,2'-azobis[2-methylpropionamidine] dihydrochloride
- Cas Number:
- 2997-92-4
- Molecular formula:
- C8H18N6.2ClH
- IUPAC Name:
- 2,2'-diazene-1,2-diylbis(2-methylpropanimidamide) dihydrochloride
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): AAPH
Constituent 1
Results and discussion
Any other information on results incl. tables
Acute mortality (within 18 hours) in rats I.P exposed to AAPH was observed at and above 70 mg/kg bw (not indicated in method section of publication). AAPH doses between 50 and 60 mg/kg bw produced such signs of acute distress as tachypnea and crouching posture that appeared immediately after administration. In most rats these symptoms resolved slowly over several hours, although a few rats experienced increasing distress and died after several hours. For subsequent experiments a non-lethal dose of either 40 or 55 mg/kg bw was chosen.
HPLC chromatograms of rat plasma show a detection limit of 0.1 µg/mL plasma and peak areas were linear up to at least 1.4 mg AAPH applied. AAPH recoveries were 90 -92% over the entire concentration range examined.
Plasma levels of rats administered 40 mg/kg AAPH i.p. showed maximum AAPH levels in the earliest plasma sample collected (15 min), with a mean concentration of 25.11 ± 3.93 µg/mL and declined to 2.52 µg/mL at 3 hours after administration. The calculated half-life for AAPH in circulation is 29.9 minutes.
Examination of TBARS in plasma and tissues showed highest increase in the liver (2.5 -3 fold) 18 hours after administration. Significant increases were also observed in kidney and heart. Plasma levels of TBARS were more than 50% lower in the AAPH treated rats compared to controls. Liver TBARS rose within 1 hour of AAPH administration and reached a maximum after 8 hours, and remained fairly constant up to 24 hours.
The levels of total lipids, total cholesterol, triglycerides and phospholipids were all significantly lower in serum of AAPH treated rats compared to controls.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Intraperitoneally administered AAPH at a dose level of 55 mg/kg bw in rats has a half-life of 29.9 minutes in plasma. Lipid peroxidation (measured by levels of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, TBARS) was observed in the liver, and to smaller extent in kidney and heart of AAPH treated rats. Compared to controls, lower levels of TBARS and lipid levels were observed in plasma of AAPH treated rats.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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