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EC number: 201-579-4 | CAS number: 85-00-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Acute Toxicity: dermal
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: dermal
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- Feb 1990
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- comparable to guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 990
- Report date:
- 1990
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 402 (Acute Dermal Toxicity)
- Version / remarks:
- 1987
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OPPTS 870.1200 (Acute Dermal Toxicity)
- Version / remarks:
- 1998
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.3 (Acute Toxicity (Dermal))
- Version / remarks:
- 1992
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Test type:
- standard acute method
- Limit test:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Diquat dibromide
- EC Number:
- 201-579-4
- EC Name:
- Diquat dibromide
- Cas Number:
- 85-00-7
- Molecular formula:
- C12H12N2.2Br
- IUPAC Name:
- 1,1'-ethylene 2,2'-bipyridyldiylium dibromide
- Reference substance name:
- Water
- EC Number:
- 231-791-2
- EC Name:
- Water
- Cas Number:
- 7732-18-5
- Molecular formula:
- H2O
- IUPAC Name:
- water
- Test material form:
- liquid
Constituent 1
Constituent 2
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Wistar
- Remarks:
- Alpk:APfSD
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Age at study initiation: 9.5 weeks for males, 8.5 weeks for females
- Weight at study initiation: 295 - 337 g for males, 196 - 228 g for females
- Housing: Individually in suspended stainless steel and polycarbonate cages (each cage divided into 2 separate compartments)
- Diet: Porton Combined Diet, ad libitum
- Water: Drinking water, ad libitum
- Acclimation period: At least 6 day
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 15 - 24
- Humidity (%): 50 ± 10
- Air changes (per hr): 20 - 30
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12
IN-LIFE dates: From Feb 1990 To: Feb 1990
Administration / exposure
- Type of coverage:
- occlusive
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Details on dermal exposure:
- 16 - 32 hours before application, the hair was removed using veterinary clippers, from an area approximately 10 cm x 5 cm on the dorso-lumbar region of each rat. The undiluted test substance was applied to the shorn backs at a nominal rate of 2 mL/kg bw, under occlusive dressings for a period of 24 hours. At the end of the 24 hour application period, the dressings were removed and any residual test substance was removed from the skin using cotton wool swabs and clean warm water and the skin dried with tissue paper.
- Duration of exposure:
- 24 hours
- Doses:
- 2000 mg/kg bw
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 5
- Control animals:
- no
- Details on study design:
- EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
A single administration was performed by the dermal route and was followed by a 15-day observation period.
CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS
The animals were examined for any signs of systemic toxicity once between 1 and 4 hours after application and then once daily for systemic toxicity and skin irritation up to day 15.
MEASUREMENT OF BODY WEIGHT
Body weights were recorded immediately before application of the test substance (day 1) and on days 3, 5, 8 and 15.
POST MORTEM INVESTIGATIONS
At the end of the scheduled observation period, all animals were necropsied and examined macroscopically. - Statistics:
- No statistical analysis was used (limit test, no mortalities).
Results and discussion
Effect levels
- Key result
- Sex:
- male/female
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Effect level:
- > 792 mg/kg bw
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Mortality:
- There were no mortalities
- Clinical signs:
- other: There were no significant signs of toxicity. Black or brown staining was seen on the application sites of all but one rat, which persisted for up to 4 days in male rats and up to 15 days in females.
- Gross pathology:
- No macroscopic findings were observed at necropsy.
- Other findings:
- SKIN IRRITATION
Signs of moderate skin irritation (including erythema, desquamation and scabbing) were observed in all animals, persisting for the majority of the study.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
- Conclusions:
- The acute dermal LD50 of test substance to males and females was greater than 2000 mg/kg bw, equivalent to 792 mg/kg bw test substance salt.
- Executive summary:
In an acute dermal toxicity study, comparable to OECD TG 402 and in compliance with GLP, 5 male and 5 female young adult, Alpk:APfSD rats were each given a single 24 hour dermal application of 2000 mg/kg bw of test material (equivalent to 21.2 % w/w of test substance cation). The test material was applied without further dilution to the shorn backs of the rats and held in place under an occlusive dressing. At the end of the 24 hour application period, the dressings were removed and any residual test substance was removed from the skin using cotton wool swabs and clean warm water and the skin dried with tissue paper. The animals were observed daily, for 15 days, for any signs of toxicity or dermal irritation and their body weights were recorded at intervals. At the end of the study, the animals were killed and given a gross examination post mortem. There were no mortalities and no significant signs of toxicity were seen. Signs of moderate skin irritation were seen. The body weight of the animals was within the range commonly recorded for this age and strain. No macroscopic abnormalities were detected at necropsy. The acute dermal LD50 of test substance to males and females was greater than 2000 mg/kg bw, equivalent to greater than 792 mg/kg bw test substance (salt form).
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