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EC number: 204-428-0 | CAS number: 120-82-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Phototransformation in water
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- phototransformation in water
- Type of information:
- other: EU Risk Assessment
- Adequacy of study:
- other information
- Reliability:
- other: EU Risk Assessment
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: No reliability is given as this is a summary entry for the EU RAR.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Executive summary:
EU Risk Assessment (2003):
Degradation by direct photolysis is not expected to be essential because the maximum absorption value is 286 nm (Bayer spectral data). The half-life for sunlight photolysis in pure surface water at 40° latitude in summer was 450 years (Dulin et al., 1986). The recovery of 1,2,4-TCB from isopropanol solution in Pyrex glass tubing (with a cut-off at 285 nm) irradiated with 300 and 310 nm fluorescent lamps for 30 minutes was 89.4% under anaerobic conditions where O2 was replaced with N2 and 8.1% under aerobic conditions. The products of photodegradation were 1,3- and 1,4-dichlorobenzene (Akermark et al., 1976).
In a laboratory study using artificial light (high pressure mercury vapour lamp at wavelengths > 290 nm), the photodegradation was studied at a concentration of 2-5 ppm. 1,2,4-TCB was dissolved in distilled water and filtered river water. The photolytic half-life was estimated to be 16.7 hours in distilled water and 12.2 hours in river water. The photolysis products in river water were 1,4-dichlorophenol and 4-chlorophenol (Mansour et al., 1989).
The photolysis was studied by exposing 5 ml 1,2,4-TCB at 4µg/ml at a distance of 30 cm from artificial light (Fluorochemical lamps 20W.2) at 25°C. After 144 hours, 0% was degraded (Kondo et al., 1988).
In a test where 1,2,4-TCB was adsorbed on silica gel and irradiated with light at wavelengths > 290 nm for 17 hours, 9.8% of the applied amount was degraded to CO2 (Freitag et al., 1985).
In addition to the direct photolysis, the photodegradation may also follow an indirect photolysis by sensitisation by secondary reactions with OH- and O2-radicals. The photolysis was studied in water solutions 600 ml at 4-20 mg/l irradiated for 3 hours. The photoreactivity in solutions in the presence of nitrite was observed to increase the photodegradation rate. The rate constant in pure water was 1.5*10-4s-1resulting in T½ to be 1.2 hours. In water added nitrite, the rate constant k was 3.1*10-4s-1and the resulting T½ 0.4 hours (Kotzias et al., 1982). The study was conducted under artificial conditions but indicates that photolysis may be affected by the contents in water. In the study, salts were used but other organic substances and organic matter may also affect the photodegradation rate.
- Endpoint:
- phototransformation in water
- Type of information:
- other: BUA report
- Adequacy of study:
- other information
- Reliability:
- other: BUA report
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: No reliability is given as this is a summary entry for the BUA report.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Executive summary:
BUA report (1987):
The half life of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene for direct photodegradation in surface water is calculated to be 450 years (Dulin et al., 1986). An accelerated degradation in the presence of nitrite could be shown (Kotzias et al., 1982).
- Endpoint:
- phototransformation in water
- Type of information:
- other: scientific judgement
- Adequacy of study:
- other information
- Reliability:
- 4 (not assignable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Original reference is not available.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Executive summary:
Howard, 1991
Half-lives in surface water:
high: 4320 h (6 m)
low : 672 h (4 w)
Scientific judgement based upon estimated unacclimated aqueous aerobic biodegradation half-life.________________________________________________________________________________
Half-lives in ground water:
high: 8640 h (12 m)
low : 1344 h (8 w)
Scientific judgement based upon estimated unacclimated aqueous aerobic biodegradation half-life.
Referenceopen allclose all
EU Risk Assessment (2003):
Degradation by direct photolysis is not expected to be essential because the maximum absorption value is 286 nm (Bayer spectral data). The half-life for sunlight photolysis in pure surface water at 40° latitude in summer was 450 years (Dulin et al., 1986). The recovery of 1,2,4-TCB from isopropanol solution in Pyrex glass tubing (with a cut-off at 285 nm) irradiated with 300 and 310 nm fluorescent lamps for 30 minutes was 89.4% under anaerobic conditions where O2 was replaced with N2 and 8.1% under aerobic conditions. The products of photodegradation were 1,3- and 1,4-dichlorobenzene (Akermark et al., 1976).
In a laboratory study using artificial light (high pressure mercury vapour lamp at wavelengths > 290 nm), the photodegradation was studied at a concentration of 2-5 ppm. 1,2,4-TCB was dissolved in distilled water and filtered river water. The photolytic half-life was estimated to be 16.7 hours in distilled water and 12.2 hours in river water. The photolysis products in river water were 1,4-dichlorophenol and 4-chlorophenol (Mansour et al., 1989).
The photolysis was studied by exposing 5 ml 1,2,4-TCB at 4µg/ml at a distance of 30 cm from artificial light (Fluorochemical lamps 20W.2) at 25°C. After 144 hours, 0% was degraded (Kondo et al., 1988).
In a test where 1,2,4-TCB was adsorbed on silica gel and irradiated with light at wavelengths > 290 nm for 17 hours, 9.8% of the applied amount was degraded to CO2 (Freitag et al., 1985).
In addition to the direct photolysis, the photodegradation may also follow an indirect photolysis by sensitisation by secondary reactions with OH- and O2-radicals. The photolysis was studied in water solutions 600 ml at 4-20 mg/l irradiated for 3 hours. The photoreactivity in solutions in the presence of nitrite was observed to increase the photodegradation rate. The rate constant in pure water was 1.5*10-4s-1resulting in T½ to be 1.2 hours. In water added nitrite, the rate constant k was 3.1*10-4s-1and the resulting T½ 0.4 hours (Kotzias et al., 1982). The study was conducted under artificial conditions but indicates that photolysis may be affected by the contents in water. In the study, salts were used but other organic substances and organic matter may also affect the photodegradation rate.
BUA report (1987):
The half life of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene for direct photodegradation in surface water is calculated to be 450 years (Dulin et al., 1986). An accelerated degradation in the presence of nitrite could be shown (Kotzias et al., 1982).
Description of key information
For transported isolated intermediates according to REACh, Article 18, this endpoint is not a data requirement. However, data is available for this endpoint and is thus reported under the guidance of "all available data".
EU Risk Assessment (2003):
Degradation by direct photolysis is not expected to be essential because the maximum absorption value is 286 nm (Bayer spectral data). The half-life for sunlight photolysis in pure surface water at 40° latitude in summer was 450 years (Dulin et al., 1986). The recovery of 1,2,4-TCB from isopropanol solution in Pyrex glass tubing (with a cut-off at 285 nm) irradiated with 300 and 310 nm fluorescent lamps for 30 minutes was 89.4% under anaerobic conditions where O2 was replaced with N2 and 8.1% under aerobic conditions. The products of photodegradation were 1,3- and 1,4-dichlorobenzene (Akermark et al., 1976).
In a laboratory study using artificial light (high pressure mercury vapour lamp at wavelengths > 290 nm), the photodegradation was studied at a concentration of 2-5 ppm. 1,2,4-TCB was dissolved in distilled water and filtered river water. The photolytic half-life was estimated to be 16.7 hours in distilled water and 12.2 hours in river water. The photolysis products in river water were 1,4-dichlorophenol and 4-chlorophenol (Mansour et al., 1989).
The photolysis was studied by exposing 5 ml 1,2,4-TCB at 4 µg/ml at a distance of 30 cm from artificial light (Fluorochemical lamps 20W.2) at 25°C. After 144 hours, 0% was degraded (Kondo et al., 1988).
In a test where 1,2,4-TCB was adsorbed on silica gel and irradiated with light at wavelengths > 290 nm for 17 hours, 9.8% of the applied amount was degraded to CO2 (Freitag et al., 1985).
In addition to the direct photolysis, the photodegradation may also follow an indirect photolysis by sensitisation by secondary reactions with OH- and O2-radicals. The photolysis was studied in water solutions 600 ml at 4-20 mg/l irradiated for 3 hours. The photoreactivity in solutions in the presence of nitrite was observed to increase the photodegradation rate. The rate constant in pure water was 1.5*10-4s-1resulting in T½ to be 1.2 hours. In water added nitrite, the rate constant k was 3.1*10-4s-1and the resulting T½ 0.4 hours (Kotzias et al., 1982). The study was conducted under artificial conditions but indicates that photolysis may be affected by the contents in water. In the study, salts were used but other organic substances and organic matter may also affect the photodegradation rate.
BUA report (1987):
The half life of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene for direct photodegradation in surface water is calculated to be 450 years (Dulin et al., 1986). An accelerated degradation in the presence of nitrite could be shown (Kotzias et al., 1982).
Howard, 1991:
Half-lives in surface water:
high: 4320 h (6 m)
low : 672 h (4 w)
Scientific judgement based upon estimated unacclimated
aqueous aerobic biodegradation half-life
________________________________________________________________________________
Half-lives in ground water:
high: 8640 h (12 m)
low : 1344 h (8 w)
Scientific judgement based upon estimated unacclimated
aqueous aerobic biodegradation half-life
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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